Environmental & Social Management Framework - About ...

Environmental and Social Management Frameworkthese species will not bloom or present competition to other aquaticorganisms (such is the case of water hyacinths which rapidly become aninvasive nuisance).- Water collection, control and treatment: This is relatively expensive optionfor polluted runoff from pavements and slopes, but may be called for inparticularly sensitive areas.• Compensatory Measures:- Compensatory measure should be considered if they prove more costeffectivethan mitigation or if mitigation proves impossible.- Moving a bore hole away from an adversely affected site, provided thelocal ground water distribution permits this;- Drilling wells for local residents who previously relied on surface water fordrinking;- Creating a replacement habitat for wildlife;- Consider aquaculture development programs to compensate for losses incatch fisheries, and- Incorporating environmental enhancements in the projects.k. Avoid Air Pollution• Preventive Measures:- Route alignment of road away from populated areas. As a general rule,avoiding densely populated sites means fewer potential impacts andreduced need for traffic management measures;- Take measures to reduce traffic congestion (e.g. control encroachmenton RoW);- By-pass can keep traffic out of settlements;- Pre-identify the status of air cleanliness or pollution by measuring atselected sites (near proposed alignment) by measuring pre-definedparameters (e.g. CO, hydrocarbons, NOx, dust and particulate matter);- ensure proper driver licensing system- ensure proper training of drivers- Ensure proper maintenance status of vehicles with respect to emissions.• Mitigative Measures:- Selecting road alignments which avoid passing close to housing, school,and work places;- Avoid placement of busy intersections, tunnel vents and openings nearhousing, school and workplaces;- All heavy equipment and machinery shall be fitted with air pollutioncontrol devices that are operating correctly;- Stockpiled sand and soil shall be slightly wetted before loading,particularly in windy condition;- Vehicles transporting sand and soil shall be covered with a tarpaulin;- Dirt and gravel roads through residential areas shall either be blacktoppedor surfaced with bamboo-reinforced concrete;- Sprinkle water on sites with ongoing construction activities. On associatedgravel or dirt roads thrice a day to protect road users from dust nuisance;- Take account of prevailing wind direction when siting roads and roadfeatures, including re-fuelling stations, near population centres;- Avoid steep grades and sharp curves which would promote deceleration,acceleration and shifting wherever possible;- Seal high-use dirt roads, where they pass through populated areas, tocontrol dust;- Plant tall, leafy and dense vegetation between roads and humansettlements to filter pollutants (see figure below);April 2007 Chapter 6-11