Environmental & Social Management Framework - About ...

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Environmental and Social Management FrameworkParameters Indicators Location Method SourcesFacility of first aidRecords fromInterview,emergency servicesProject Sitecontractors andrecordsprovidedlocal peopleResettlementSuccess/FailureDamages andCompensationCoordination andCommunicationSocio-economicChangeLocal PriceEscalationCompensation to the loss oflife or disabilityStatus and living condition ofdisplaced or affectedpersonsTypes of damages onpersonal propertiesDamages to localinfrastructures such as foottrail, irrigation, etcCompensation formaintenance andrehabilitation ofinfrastructuresLosses caused by blasting,vibration and noisecompensation paidCoordination among localauthorities, projects,contractors, laborInformation Dissemination tolocal people about theprojectChange in land use patternChange in local economy(changes in standard ofliving)Rise in price of essentialcommodities as compare tobefore the projectProject SiteProject Siteand/orResettlementSite(s)Project siteand its vicinityWithin theproject areaProject AreaProject AreaOffice of localauthoritiesCBOsHeadquartersProject Siteand vicinityProject AreaProject AreaInterview,recordsInterviews,detailed HHsurveys,incomeanalyses,grievancerecordsInterview andobservationInterview andobservationInterview andRecordsInterview andRecordsRecordsMeetingsInterview/surveyInterview/surveyRecords fromcontractors, DDCand local peopleHH survey data,local statistics andadministrationoffices, photosLocal People,observation,records, PhotosLocal People,observation,records, PhotosLocal People,observation,records, PhotosLocal People,observation,records, PhotosLocal authority,CBO/NGO andother stakeholdersLocal PeopleLocal people, VDC,Photos + SatelliteImages / GIS MapsLocal people, VDCLocal Market Market Survey Local people, VDC2.3 Environmental Code of PracticeAn important aspect in securing the incorporation of environmental and socialsustainability in any road development project in the country is to adhere to theextent possible to a Good Code of Practice 3 . The addressing of environmentalissues in the forthcoming SRN sub-projects shall therefore adhere to specificcode of practice which is detailed in Annex 2 of this ESMF.It is suggested to use this Annex as a field guide to planners, engineers,contractors and those involved in supervision and monitoring to incorporatecommonsense as well as critical thinking and established technical solutions inthe project design and implementation arrangements. It is believed, that theincorporation of the proposed procedures will yield tangible benefits for longperiods in terms of environmental and financial sustainability.3 This Code of Conduct has also been utilized in a WB-financed program relating to the RuralAccess Improvement and Decentralization Project DoLIDAR, 2005Chapter 2-36 April 2007
Environmental and Social Management FrameworkEnvironmental IssueLand UseandRoWMaterialUseSlopeStabilityWildlifeDrainageProtectionofVegetationThe following tabular overview provides a summary of proposed code of practiceto be observed in the SRN sub-projects, referring to Annex 2 for more details.Table 2.13: General Environmental Codes of Practice for the SRNProgramPotential ImpactPre-construction and Construction Phase• Road alignment may pass through densesettlements leading to high levels of landacquisition, displacement, compensation andpublic dissatisfaction• Road alignment may pass through cultivatedand forested land resulting in a permanentloss of the resources.• While the landowner has to part away with hisland ownership, the environmental effects canamplify if proper operation and maintenanceschedules are overruled.• Excess extraction of local resources, such aswood, sand, soil, boulders, etc.• Degradation of forests, erosion and landslideat steep locales due to stone extraction.• Change in river/stream ecosystem due tounchecked sand extraction.• Extraction of forest products and cutting oftrees in the steep slopes increases soilerosion/landslide due to loss of soil bindingmaterials.• Wrong alignment can trigger slope failure• Haphazard disposal of construction wastecan disturb slopes• Improper drainage facilities can result inerosion and landslides• Wildlife habitats at forests, shrub land alongroad alignment are affected from the roadconstruction activities.• Wildlife and human conflicts increase aswildlife might destroy the crops or attack theconstruction worker.• Higher flow rate of surface water and waterlogging induce land slides, erosion.• Quality of road diminishes due to poordrainage such as water logging, immenseflow rate of surface water.• Protected areas and highly forested areas.• Degradation of forest areas.• Degradation of agricultural land.Code of Practice• Plan road alignment to minimize RoWwithin settlements.• Reduce RoW to the minimum required,but to keep options for future wideningif regional development potentialindicates.• Plan road alignment to minimize loss offarmland and forest resources.• Avoid width of road of more than 4.5 min hilly area.• Demarcate RoW to avoidencroachment.• Extract materials only on need basis.• Avoid sensitive areas, such as steepslopes and water-ways.• Extract carefully and secure the topsoil within 25 cm from the surface.• Limit down grading of the road to 5 %.• If down grading exceeds 7 %,construct side drainages• Keep optimum balance in extractionand filling of soil works.• geo-hazardous assessment /mapping• Use designated disposal site and avoidside-casting of spoil• Provide proper drainage• Bio-engineering on exposed slopes• Avoid as much as possible areas withhigh biodiversity.• Efficient movement of machinery andother traffic.• Control poaching activities andregulate movement of labor force andtheir dependents into the forest area.• District Forest Office and its subsidiarybody should be involved in monitoringthe activities of the constructionworkers and officials to forbid wildlifeharassing, trapping, poaching, trading.• Cross drainage outlets must bechanneled to confirmed natural drains.• If slope exceeds 5%, construct flowcontrol devices every 20m.• Use minimum and efficient use ofwood products for construction.• Initiate plantation at damaged anddamage prone areas.• Increase liability of local forest usergroups.• Avoid protected areas or denselyforested areasApril 2007 Chapter 2-37
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