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Environmental and Social Management FrameworkTable 2.9: Monitoring Indicators Selected for this IEEMonitored SectorSoils, Landslides,ErosionWastemanagementSitesMonitored SectorBio-engineeringSeismicityWater Pollution,Water Resourcesand their uses:Surface/ groundwaterIrrigation watersDrinking waterPublic tapsAir and NoiseLevelIn relation totraffic volumeRoad SafetyWildlife % HabitatDisturbanceImpacts onForest ResourcesPlantationsSocio-economicDevelopment nearroad alignmentResettledHouseholds andlivelihoodrestorationParameters Selected for Monitoring• Number, location and extent of slope failures• Cause analysis for slope failure Natural/man-made• Area (ha) of land, forest and properties affected• Nos and extent of gully erosions and pavement failures• Nos and extent of road subsiding effects• Suitability of corrective/bio-engineering measures• Nos of days and nature of traffic delays due to slides• Sites and suitability for safe disposal of wastes and garbageParameters Selected for Monitoring• Nos and plant species selected for bio-engineering,disaggregated by protective function• magnitude of local seismic activities and respective damage tostructures, including road• Nos and magnitude of local seismic activities and respectivedamage to structures, including road• Nos and extent of water-logging at operative and/ordecommissioned construction sites• Incidents & trends in development of waterborne diseases• Nos of days and nature of traffic delays due to water loggingand inundation• Blockage of waterways - extent and secondary impacts• Water pollution incidents due to unsafe disposal of waste andspoil, analysing effects on local fisheries• Observations on car washing practices in rivers, and analysisof potential environmental effects• Damage to farm lands due to water shortage or pollution• Catch particulars and economics of local fisher folk• Trend analysis for local fisheries• Records of seasonal groundwater fluctuations• Laboratory tests for drinking water quality, determining pH,particulars, turbidity, BOD, fecal bacteria, NH x, NO x SO x , PO 4,hydrocarbons, selected heavy metals.• Point source measurements in dB (A) at settlementsites/sensitive spots for noise level at 2, 5 and 15 m from roadshoulder• Qualitative analysis of dust development at selectedsites/sensitive spots• Traffic volume measurements• Speed measurements at selected spots• Nos and type of road accidents recorded in the TrafficPolice/DO and in local health service centres• Suitability of local road signs• Records on public road safety awareness campaigns• Nos and extent of road accidents inflicting wildlife• DFO records of illegal timber extraction and wildlife trade• Nos, extents and causes for forest fires• Observations and handling of invasive species• Success/failure of roadside/compensatory planting & nurseries• Demographic, economic and education data• Nos and extent of new settlements /types and ethnic groups• Nos and extent of new businesses /types and ethnic groups• Nos and extent of new services and utilities• Nos of HH and site analysis of the area receiving the resettlers• HH questionnaire to identify livelihood conditions of resettlers• Income situation and opportunities for the resettlers• Verification of compensation and assistance to resettlersChapter 2-26 April 2007
Environmental and Social Management FrameworkCommunityawarenessprograms relatingtoenvironmentprotection andavoidance ofsocial conflicts• Nos/schedule of campaigns and nos of beneficiaries• Revision of training agenda & propagated information material• Questionnaire evaluation, interviewing selected participants onthe impacts of the training provided by NGOs and Contractors• Nos/quality of erected signboards for environmental education• Nos of beneficiaries having received awareness trainingagainst the spread of HIV/AIDS and girl/boy trafficking• Records from locals and local police concerning social conflictsThe detailed monitoring aspects are briefly discussed thereunder.Monitoring activities for typical road development projects, including the SRNProgram, encompass three types:(i) Pre-Construction and Baseline Environmental Effects Monitoring(ii) Construction Phase Monitoring; this is generally sub-divided in tworelated activities:- Compliance Monitoring- Impact/Effect Monitoring on Environmental / Social Changes(iii) Operational Phase Monitoring; this is generally sub-divided in tworelated activities:- Compliance Monitoring during Maintenance and Road OperationActivities- Impact/Effect Monitoring on Environmental / Social Changesattributable to the project.ad i) Pre-Construction and Baseline MonitoringThe core of these monitoring activities focus on• verification that the EA mitigation recommendations relevant to theContractor’s responsibility are incorporated in the tender, BOQ itemrates and in the work contract specifications;• verification that all government permits and approvals are in place priorto construction;• verification that land, property and crop and livestock disturbancecompensation valuations have been completed satisfactorily prior toconstruction;• verification that all the necessary sub-plans within the framework of theenvironmental mitigation plan have materialised, such as:- Acquisition, Compensation, and Rehabilitation Plan orResettlement Action Plan;- confirm that all procedures regarding land acquisition andcompensation have been properly set out and followed, and thatthe construction mitigation plan is in place;- the Indigenous People Development Plan is prepared;- Tree Restoration and (if applicable) a Re-vegetation Plan;- Gender Development Plan;- all necessary activities are in place, associated with planned jobjob opportunities for local community members, community;- awareness programs (e.g. on health, road safety, environmentalprotection), voluntary social service program.The rationale for baseline monitoring at this early stage is to compare theenvironmental conditions in the project area prior to implementation of projectrelated activities against the impacts occurred due to implementation of theproject. This will primarily help to identify needs and possibilities to modifyApril 2007 Chapter 2-27
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