analysis of the influences of solar radiation and façade glazing ...

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1.2 Background and literature review 36 solar collector Fig. 1.13: SDHW system studied by Biaou and Bernier (2008). The main examined components were modeled using a TRSNYS and IISIBAT interface. The results of the simulations explicitly indicated that the system with solar collectors was the best solution for the production of DHW in zero-net energy homes. The main goal of the Cardinale and co-workers (Cardinale, et al., 2003) study was an economical optimization of low-flow solar domestic hot water plants. Domestic hot-water production was 500 litres a day for a four-person Italian family. The analyzed system, as shown in Fig. 1.14, consisted of a solar collector (1.9 m 2 surface area), a 2.16 m height storage tank, two pumps powered by photovoltaic panels and an auxiliary heater. The TRNSYS code was used to estimate the thermo–energetic performances of the solar plant. solar collector heat exchanger controller external heat exchanger PV pump PV pump Storage tank storage tank Fig. 1.14: Schematic sketch of the system studied by Cardinale at al. (2003). cold water backup tank auxiliary heater DHW supply electric heaters to load from main
1.2 Background and literature review 37 Simulations indicated that there are many advantages for the considered solar system in comparison with the utilization of electric energy. Moreover, the authors concluded that the tested plant can be clearly justified when fossil fuel consumption is dramatically reduced. The Dahm, with co-workers (Dahm, et al., 1998), tested system, which consisted of an electrical auxiliary storage heater with a volume of 750 litres, internal heat exchangers and tempering valves. Fig. 1.15 presents four different storage considered systems. Investigations were carried out on a statistically generated six-day test sequence and a solar collector simulator under conditions similar to those in Sweden. 1 2 2 Configuration 1 3 1 1 Configuration 3 Fig. 1.15: The schematic layout of the four configurations considered in the Dahm (1998) experiments. An acceptable accuracy rate (relative and absolute difference) between the measured and calculated energy transfer for solar and load heat exchangers was obtained. The authors concluded that when using a real weather database, the solar fraction is about 10 % lower than the measured value based on the considered six-day test system for the summer period. 3 1 1 Configuration 2 1 1 Configuration 4
Page 1 and 2: ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCES OF SOLAR
Page 3 and 4: than the inner air temperature. It
Page 5 and 6: 4.1 SUMMARY .......................
Page 7 and 8: Subscripts σ - Stefan-Boltzmann co
Page 9 and 10: 1.1 Introduction 9 Another problem,
Page 11 and 12: 1.2 Background and literature revie
Page 35: 1.2 Background and literature revie
Page 41 and 42: 2.1 Building energy simulation soft
Page 47 and 48: 2.2 Experimental research methods 4
Page 53 and 54: 3.1 Building description 53 Fig. 3.
Page 55 and 56: 3.1 Building description 55 All int
Page 57 and 58: 3.1 Building description 57 Case B5
Page 59 and 60: 3.1 Building description 59 Of cour
Page 61 and 62: 3.1 Building description 61 Outside
Page 63 and 64: 3.1 Building description 63 In orde
Page 69 and 70: 3.2 Selection of the optimal glazin
Page 71 and 72: 3.3 Estimation of thermal energy ga
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3.4 Testing of a building indoor en
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3.4 Testing of a building indoor en
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3.5 Optimization of a solar domesti
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4.1 Summary 99 4 Summary and conclu
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4.2 Comments and conclusions 101 So
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4.3 Future research 103 of the annu
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References 105 Beausoleil-Morrison,
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References 107 Hendron, R., et al.
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References 109 Rees, S. and Haves,
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References 111 Yohanis, Y.G., et al
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Appendix 1 113 Fig. A1.1 VASATI 2.0
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Appendix 2 123 !-Generator IDFEdito
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Appendix 2 125 0.035, !- Conductivi
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Appendix 2 127 , !- Zone Inside Con
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Appendix 2 129 Discrete; !- Numeric
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Appendix 2 131 Fraction, !- Schedul
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Appendix 2 133 Air Conditioner:Wind
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Appendix 2 135 , !- Sensible Heat F
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Appendix 2 137 281, !- Lighting Lev
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Appendix 2 139 OG2 InfilTRATION, !-
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Appendix 2 141 OG3, !- Zone Name 16
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Appendix 2 143 0.004, !- Zone Heati
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Appendix 2 145 Zone15WindACAirInlet
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Appendix 2 147 0, !- Maximum Flow R
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Appendix 2 149 Zone16WindACOAMixer,
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Appendix 2 151 Zone 9 Outlet Node;
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Appendix 2 153 Stand Alone ERV 16,
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Appendix 2 155 ZoneHVAC:WindowAirCo
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Appendix 2 157 ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:C
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Appendix 2 159 Zone Control Type Sc
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Appendix 2 161 WindACPLFFPLR, !- Pa
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Appendix 2 163 Stand Alone ERV Supp
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Appendix 2 165 0.03001, !- Maximum
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Appendix 2 167 0.81, !- Sensible Ef
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Appendix 2 169 !- == ALL OBJECTS IN
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