analysis of the influences of solar radiation and façade glazing ...

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3.1 Building description 58 Case A4 0.0201 18.975 1.23 0.48 0.55 0.72 355.94 Case A5 0.0189 19.025 1.17 0.39 0.45 0.57 288.36 Case A6 0.0189 19.025 1.17 0.38 0.44 0.57 282.96 Case B1 0.0303 34.925 0.89 0.43 0.49 0.55 315.67 Case B2 0.0285 34.925 0.84 0.35 0.40 0.55 257.89 Case B3 0.0320 34.850 0.93 0.49 0.57 0.60 363.31 Case B4 0.0303 34.850 0.89 0.38 0.45 0.60 287.21 Case B5 0.0305 34.900 0.89 0.36 0.41 0.48 266.59 Case B6 0.0288 34.900 0.85 0.32 0.37 0.48 241.40 Explanation of symbols used in the Table 3.4: Width – glazing system width; mm, U-factor – standard measure of the rate of heat flow through the center of (alternatively named glass in this case; W/m 2 K, U-value) SHGCc – the solar heat gain coefficient represents the solar heat gain through the center of the glazing system relative to the total incident solar radiation, SCc – shading coefficient defines the amount of heat gain through the center of glass compared to clear glass with 3 mm thickness, VTc – visible transmittance defines the amount of light in the visible radiation (portion of the solar spectrum between 380 nm to 760 nm) that passes through the center of glazing material, The value of the U-factor depends on the thermal and optical properties of the glazing systems as well as the external and internal environmental factors. The following conditions are assumed in the computer code WINDOW 5.2: • outside temperature – -21°C, • indoor temperature – 18°C, • windward speed – 5.5 m/s, • sky temperature – -18°C, • sky emissivity – 1.0, • direct solar radiation flux – 0.0 W/m 2 .
3.1 Building description 59 Of course the visible transmittance of glazing systems should be calculated for different environmental conditions: • outside temperature – 32°C, • indoor temperature – 24°C, • windward speed – 2,75 m/s, • sky temperature – 32°C, • sky emissivity – 1.0, • direct solar radiation flux – 783 W/m 2 . In the current project, hardwood (Meranti) is used for the window frame profiles with the following properties: • projected frame dimension – 60 mm, • material absorption – 0.9, • frame U-value – 1.9 W/m 2 K. The parameters of the six glazing systems will be utilized in further energy simulations of the whole building. U-value of building assemblies The U-value describes the rate of heat flow per unit area through a single building assembly in steady-state conditions. The insulation characteristic of each structural building component is presented in Table 3.5. Table 3.5: Exterior opaque and fenestration U-value. Construction U-Factor [W/m 2 K] Exterior wall * 0.225 Roof * 0.090 Basement ceiling * 0.210 Windows (east, north) Balcony windows * - no film coefficients 0.89 (Case B1) 1.16 (Case A1)
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ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCES OF SOLAR
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than the inner air temperature. It
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4.1 SUMMARY .......................
Page 7 and 8: Subscripts σ - Stefan-Boltzmann co
Page 9 and 10: 1.1 Introduction 9 Another problem,
Page 11 and 12: 1.2 Background and literature revie
Page 41 and 42: 2.1 Building energy simulation soft
Page 47 and 48: 2.2 Experimental research methods 4
Page 53 and 54: 3.1 Building description 53 Fig. 3.
Page 55 and 56: 3.1 Building description 55 All int
Page 57: 3.1 Building description 57 Case B5
Page 61 and 62: 3.1 Building description 61 Outside
Page 63 and 64: 3.1 Building description 63 In orde
Page 69 and 70: 3.2 Selection of the optimal glazin
Page 71 and 72: 3.3 Estimation of thermal energy ga
Page 79 and 80: 3.4 Testing of a building indoor en
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Page 83 and 84: 3,00 2,50 2,00 1,50 1,00 0,50 0,00
Page 91 and 92: 3.5 Optimization of a solar domesti
Page 99 and 100: 4.1 Summary 99 4 Summary and conclu
Page 101 and 102: 4.2 Comments and conclusions 101 So
Page 103 and 104: 4.3 Future research 103 of the annu
Page 105 and 106: References 105 Beausoleil-Morrison,
Page 107 and 108: References 107 Hendron, R., et al.
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References 109 Rees, S. and Haves,
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References 111 Yohanis, Y.G., et al
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Appendix 1 113 Fig. A1.1 VASATI 2.0
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Appendix 2 123 !-Generator IDFEdito
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Appendix 2 125 0.035, !- Conductivi
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Appendix 2 127 , !- Zone Inside Con
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Appendix 2 129 Discrete; !- Numeric
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Appendix 2 131 Fraction, !- Schedul
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Appendix 2 133 Air Conditioner:Wind
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Appendix 2 135 , !- Sensible Heat F
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Appendix 2 137 281, !- Lighting Lev
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Appendix 2 139 OG2 InfilTRATION, !-
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Appendix 2 141 OG3, !- Zone Name 16
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Appendix 2 143 0.004, !- Zone Heati
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Appendix 2 145 Zone15WindACAirInlet
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Appendix 2 147 0, !- Maximum Flow R
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Appendix 2 149 Zone16WindACOAMixer,
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Appendix 2 151 Zone 9 Outlet Node;
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Appendix 2 153 Stand Alone ERV 16,
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Appendix 2 155 ZoneHVAC:WindowAirCo
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Appendix 2 157 ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:C
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Appendix 2 159 Zone Control Type Sc
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Appendix 2 161 WindACPLFFPLR, !- Pa
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Appendix 2 163 Stand Alone ERV Supp
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Appendix 2 165 0.03001, !- Maximum
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Appendix 2 167 0.81, !- Sensible Ef
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Appendix 2 169 !- == ALL OBJECTS IN
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