analysis of the influences of solar radiation and façade glazing ...

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3.1 Building description 54 Numerical calculations gave the similar results i.e. Rb=3,205 m 2 K/W and keq=0,0936 W/mK. The average value of the equivalent heat conductivity keq=0,0923 W/mK and the equivalent value of specific heat capacity equal 855,1 J/kgK were adopted in the present study to develop a model in the EnergyPlus environment. The load-bearing walls and the curtain walls were separated by a 2 cm layer of mineral wool in accordance with construction requirements. Of course the interior and exterior surfaces of all walls received a coat of plaster. Roof The outside roof insulation was made of Polystyrol with an average thickness of 35 cm and a thermal conductivity of 0.035 W/mK. The load-bearing layer will be formed by 20 cm reinforced concrete with an average thermal conductivity equal to 1.7 W/mK. Floor/ceiling The construction of the floor/ceiling slab was designed in three layers: • floating floor with a thickness of 5 – 6 cm and a thermal conductivity of 1.35 W/mK, • footfall sound insulation and Polystyrol insulation with a thickness of 8 cm and a thermal conductivity of 0.035 W/mK, • concrete slab with a thickness of 20 cm and a thermal conductivity of 1.7 W/mK. Basement ceiling The basement ceiling consisted of the following layers: • floating floor with a thickness of 5 – 6 cm and a thermal conductivity of 1.35 W/mK, • footfall sound insulation and Polystyrol insulation with a thickness of 8 cm and a thermal conductivity of 0.035 W/mK, • concrete slab with a thickness of 20 cm and a thermal conductivity of 2.3 W/mK, • insulation made of mineral wool with a thickness of 10 cm and a thermal conductivity of 0.035 W/mK.
3.1 Building description 55 All internal walls received a special kind of machine-sprayed plaster with an average thickness of 1.5 cm, which contains a high part of crushed clay. The feeling and the biological data of the inside plaster is very similar to loam rendering. The external walls got a mineral render with a thickness of 2 – 3 cm, which is very permeable for vapor diffusion. Windows The type of glazing materials used in building construction makes a significant contribution to the annual energy consumption. For this reason, it was decided to examine twelve cases of fenestration products. The glazing systems in Case A1/B1 and Case A2/B2 with low-e coatings are recommended for regions with cold climates. Low solar heat gains and high reflectivity are characteristic for windows in Case A5/B5 and Case A6/B6. This type of product is a very good choice for fully air-conditioned living spaces. Meanwhile glazing systems in Case A3/B3 and Case A4/B4 are designed for maximizing heat gain throughout the heating period and for reducing cooling costs during summer months. It is planned to use double glazed balcony windows (cases marked with letter A) and tripleglazing system for north and east elevation windows (cases marked with letter B). For all cases, it is decided to choose Xenon gas-fill on account of the best thermal insulation properties, which are the result of very low effective conductivity equal to 0.00516 W/mK. Thermal and optical properties depend on the location of coatings. Therefore, different configurations of optical filters on a glass surface are analyzed as shown in Fig. 3.5. outboard glass gas inboard glass filter location Case A1,3,5 Case A2,4,6 Fig. 3.5: Location of a glass coating for the investigated cases. outboard glass gas inboard glass outboard glass Table 3.3 shows the detailed characteristics of the proposed glazing systems, which are prepared based on the publicly available International Glazing Database (IGDB) (2008). gas internal glass filter location gas inboard glass outboard glass gas internal glass gas Case B1,3,5 Case B2,4,6 inboard glass
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ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCES OF SOLAR
Page 3 and 4: than the inner air temperature. It
Page 5 and 6: 4.1 SUMMARY .......................
Page 7 and 8: Subscripts σ - Stefan-Boltzmann co
Page 9 and 10: 1.1 Introduction 9 Another problem,
Page 11 and 12: 1.2 Background and literature revie
Page 41 and 42: 2.1 Building energy simulation soft
Page 47 and 48: 2.2 Experimental research methods 4
Page 53: 3.1 Building description 53 Fig. 3.
Page 57 and 58: 3.1 Building description 57 Case B5
Page 59 and 60: 3.1 Building description 59 Of cour
Page 61 and 62: 3.1 Building description 61 Outside
Page 63 and 64: 3.1 Building description 63 In orde
Page 65 and 66: 3.1 Building description 65 Fig. 3.
Page 67 and 68: 3.1 Building description 67 Fig. 3.
Page 69 and 70: 3.2 Selection of the optimal glazin
Page 71 and 72: 3.3 Estimation of thermal energy ga
Page 79 and 80: 3.4 Testing of a building indoor en
Page 81 and 82: 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 36 34
Page 83 and 84: 3,00 2,50 2,00 1,50 1,00 0,50 0,00
Page 91 and 92: 3.5 Optimization of a solar domesti
Page 99 and 100: 4.1 Summary 99 4 Summary and conclu
Page 101 and 102: 4.2 Comments and conclusions 101 So
Page 103 and 104: 4.3 Future research 103 of the annu
Page 105 and 106:
References 105 Beausoleil-Morrison,
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References 107 Hendron, R., et al.
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References 109 Rees, S. and Haves,
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References 111 Yohanis, Y.G., et al
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Appendix 1 113 Fig. A1.1 VASATI 2.0
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Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Appendix 2 123 !-Generator IDFEdito
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Appendix 2 125 0.035, !- Conductivi
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Appendix 2 127 , !- Zone Inside Con
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Appendix 2 129 Discrete; !- Numeric
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Appendix 2 131 Fraction, !- Schedul
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Appendix 2 133 Air Conditioner:Wind
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Appendix 2 135 , !- Sensible Heat F
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Appendix 2 137 281, !- Lighting Lev
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Appendix 2 139 OG2 InfilTRATION, !-
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Appendix 2 141 OG3, !- Zone Name 16
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Appendix 2 143 0.004, !- Zone Heati
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Appendix 2 145 Zone15WindACAirInlet
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Appendix 2 147 0, !- Maximum Flow R
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Appendix 2 149 Zone16WindACOAMixer,
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Appendix 2 151 Zone 9 Outlet Node;
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Appendix 2 153 Stand Alone ERV 16,
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Appendix 2 155 ZoneHVAC:WindowAirCo
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Appendix 2 157 ZoneHVAC:Baseboard:C
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Appendix 2 159 Zone Control Type Sc
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Appendix 2 161 WindACPLFFPLR, !- Pa
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Appendix 2 163 Stand Alone ERV Supp
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Appendix 2 165 0.03001, !- Maximum
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Appendix 2 167 0.81, !- Sensible Ef
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Appendix 2 169 !- == ALL OBJECTS IN
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