Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies

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6.4 Developing a UHI road‐map For climate change mitigation and energy savings from UHI countermeasures to be determined and delivered will require a coordinated strategy and activity plan to be developed. This “Road Map” needs to be developed in a manner to address the requirements set out in sections 6.2 and 6.3. Task 2 of this study proposes an international scientific panel that would be charged with assisting the development of such a road map. The key elements that will need to be included within the road map process are: � Assessments of UHI magnitudes including the relative importance of the contributory factors � Mitigation, energy saving and air quality improvement potentials and cost‐benefit assessments � Countermeasure technology development and pathways to commercialization and competitiveness � Awareness raising measures among key decision‐makers and stakeholders � Fostering of policy dialogues and linkages � Assisting the development of policy portfolios � Policy design and implementation tools � Implementation monitoring and verification mechanisms � Valuation of UHI direct/indirect and negative radiative forcing CO2‐equivalent mitigation and the steps required to have this recognized within carbon markets � Development of UHI clearing houses � National and international cooperation As far as global mitigation efforts are concerned it will be essential to engage with the rest of the OECD and the major emerging economies where the bulk of the mitigation potential resides. Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies Page 121
7 GLOBAL SCIENTIFIC PANEL 7.1 Introduction This study has provided a complete review of the existing urban heat island literature and has culminated in a recommended set of priority areas. This section of the report seeks to propose a high level scientific panel that will convene in Washington DC in the 2010 financial year equipped to discuss the identified emerging issues and develop the research priority plan that will help validate the CO2 mitigation potential of cool roofs and pavements. The global scientific panel proposed comprises experts from not only the urban heat island field but also from other relevant disciplines from several regions of the world. Each proposed individual has been briefed and profiled to identify their potential role within the panel. The profiles seek to highlight relevant experience in their respective technical fields, backed by their financial and policy experience. 7.2 Role Identification The proposed panel consists of eleven different defined roles founded on experience in the technical, financial and policy fields. The aim is to cover the complete spectrum of the urban heat island value chain as well as provide an insight from outside the field to help formulate the research priority plan and understand the practical implementation issues faced in mass adoption of cool roofs and pavements. The diagram below illustrates the fundamental experience areas each role is expected to cover. Naturally, there is some overlap between roles and experience but the perspective of each panel member is critical for the research priority plan development. Role Key SMMCS UHI T/S Technical UHIM The roles are defined as: UHIP RC ME Policy PE UP SCC BEE UESE CRA Financial Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies FE CRA: Climatic Response Architect BEE: Building Energy and Efficiency Expert UHI T/S: UHI Technology and Strategy Specialist UHIP: UHI Phenomenon Expert UP: Urban Planner UHIM: Urban Heat Island Materials Expert SCC: Sustainable Construction Contractor SMMCS: Satellite Measurement of Meteorological Conditions Specialist ME: Modeling Expert UESE: Urban Energy Systems Expert RC: Roadmap Coordinator PE: Policy Expert FE: Finance Expert Page 122
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Assessment of International Urban H
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Comments iii Bibliographic Report a
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS vii Bibliographic
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ix Bibliographic Report and Study o
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xi Bibliographic Report and Study o
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The mitigation technologies were fo
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a forward path; provides an economi
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2.1.1 Population Size/Density Popul
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workday effect and weekends. Studie
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Some UHI impacts are positive such
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correlation with vehicles and traff
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2.2.4 Peak Power Peak power describ
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temperature and climate, thus chang
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3 QUANTITATIVE MODELING & SIMULATIO
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The following papers use a number o
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Another study in Japan simulated ai
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This paper applied a model to calcu
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3.2 Simulations of UHI 3.2.1 Introd
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A study in France sought to find ou
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Traffic flow was calculated using c
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Implementation Issues 4 North & Asi
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These studies were founded primaril
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(humidification and heat sink insta
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emissions and the tree topology rel
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At a City scale one study focuses o
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This section reports the findings f
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Recent steps taken in cities in the
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� Most US States encourage tree p
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o 29 German cities offer subsidies
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4.5.1 Review for Cool Roofs: 4.5.1.
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the global emitted CO2 offset poten
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standards to promote the cool roofs
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The expected savings generated in c
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� The degree to which the change
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enefits are complex to measure dire
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controls of the active cooling/heat
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temperature increases due to paveme
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curb‐side planting. Data gatherin
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location, orientation, growth/morta
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Page 85 and 86: A study in Japan tested the effect
Page 87 and 88: One US study written in 1998 seeks
Page 89 and 90: This section reports the findings f
Page 91 and 92: planning approach. Medium resolutio
Page 93 and 94: Urban design and planning is a comp
Page 95 and 96: 5 CRITICAL REVIEW OF UHI COUNTERMEA
Page 97 and 98: � Implementation Issues: The esti
Page 99 and 100: savings are used over solutions tha
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Page 103 and 104: � Preparation: Substantial prepar
Page 105 and 106: 5.3.3 Green Roofs and Urban Green A
Page 107 and 108: 5.4 Economic Review The magnitude o
Page 109 and 110: 5.5 Opportunities for Scale Up (Bar
Page 111 and 112: technology, it evaluates the availa
Page 113 and 114: Availability: the level and type of
Page 115 and 116: integration would make them accepta
Page 117 and 118: Awareness: Planners and designers w
Page 119 and 120: would seek to incentivize UHI count
Page 121 and 122: homeowner for example to choose whe
Page 123 and 124: Planning issues for new builds, the
Page 125 and 126: 5.6.4 Energy Efficiency Measures Pl
Page 127 and 128: � Political will - The government
Page 129 and 130: not to create dedicated policy vehi
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Page 135 and 136: an understanding of planning policy
Page 137 and 138: Role Name Institution Country of Or
Page 139 and 140: Role Name Institution Country of Or
Page 141 and 142: sustainable architecture. He is an
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Page 145 and 146: Name: Hashem Akbari Current Positio
Page 147 and 148: momentum in cities are measured and
Page 149 and 150: Ms MacDonald was formerly Director
Page 151 and 152: Name: Dr Dale Quattrochi Current Po
Page 153 and 154: Name: Joe Huang Current Position: L
Page 155 and 156: State University. He is former Pres
Page 157 and 158: Bank for Reconstruction and Develop
Page 159 and 160: planners/designers are equipped wit
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Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Ins
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