Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies

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Name: Mattheos Santamouris Current Position: Professor at University of Athens in the Department of Physics Role: UHI Materials Expert Telephone Number: +30 210 727 6847 E‐mail: msantam@phys.uoa.gr Mattheos Santamouris is a Professor of Energy Physics at the University of Athens. Over the last decade, he has been involved in measurement and analysis of urban heat islands in Athens. His pioneering work includes the development of regionally suitable cool materials and use of advance thermochromic coatings for urban surfaces. Professor Santamouris is the Editor in Chief of the Journal of Advances Building Energy Research, and Associate Editor of the Solar Energy Journal. Name: Dr Paul Berdahl Current Position: Senior Staff Scientist at the Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, Laser Spectroscopy and Applied Materials Group, and Urban Heat Island Group Role: UHI Materials Expert Telephone Number: +1 510 486 5278 E‐mail: PHBerdahl@LBL.gov Dr Paul Berdahl is semi‐retired and is investigating how surface roughness reduces the solar reflectance of materials, the soiling and weathering of roofing materials and the destruction of air pollutants by photocatalytic oxidation using the semiconductor TiO2. Prior to his retirement in 2005, he worked on synthesis of high‐temperature superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 tapes (with R. Russo and R. Reade). World record critical current values were achieved in 1992. Other topics were infrared luminescence of semi conducting InSb, infrared radiative cooling, long wave radiative transfer in the atmosphere, and the availability of the solar radiation resource. Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies Page 133
Name: Hashem Akbari Current Position: Professor in the Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science at Concordia University Role: UHI Technology and Strategy Specialist / Modeling Expert Telephone Number: +1 514 848 2424 Ext. 3201 E‐mail: hakbari@bcee.concordia.ca Prior to joining Concordia, Professor Hashem Akbari was a Group Leader, Senior Scientist, and principal investigator in the Environmental Energy Technologies Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). He was the leader of the Heat Island Group and has led LBNL’s efforts to investigate the energy conservation potential and environmental impacts of increased tree planting and modifications of surface albedo. His research has identified the attributes of these energy efficiency strategies to mitigating the urban heat island effect and cooling the globe. In addition, he has performed research in energy use and conservation in buildings; advanced energy technologies; utility energy forecasting; advanced utility‐customer communication, computation, and control systems; energy‐efficient environment; air pollution control; and environmental simulation and modeling. Professor Akbari is the author of more than 200 articles and coauthor of four books. His pioneering research has been widely quoted in both scientific and public media. In 2007, as a contributing author of the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) and along with other authors, he received the Noble Peace prize shared with Vice President Al Gore. He is an active member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the American Society for Testing and Materials, the Cool Roof Rating Council, and the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air‐conditioning Engineers and serves on several technical committees within each society. Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies Page 134
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Assessment of International Urban H
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Comments iii Bibliographic Report a
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS vii Bibliographic
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ix Bibliographic Report and Study o
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xi Bibliographic Report and Study o
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The mitigation technologies were fo
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a forward path; provides an economi
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2.1.1 Population Size/Density Popul
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workday effect and weekends. Studie
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Some UHI impacts are positive such
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correlation with vehicles and traff
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2.2.4 Peak Power Peak power describ
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temperature and climate, thus chang
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3 QUANTITATIVE MODELING & SIMULATIO
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The following papers use a number o
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Another study in Japan simulated ai
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This paper applied a model to calcu
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3.2 Simulations of UHI 3.2.1 Introd
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A study in France sought to find ou
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Traffic flow was calculated using c
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Implementation Issues 4 North & Asi
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These studies were founded primaril
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(humidification and heat sink insta
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emissions and the tree topology rel
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At a City scale one study focuses o
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This section reports the findings f
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Recent steps taken in cities in the
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� Most US States encourage tree p
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o 29 German cities offer subsidies
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4.5.1 Review for Cool Roofs: 4.5.1.
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the global emitted CO2 offset poten
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standards to promote the cool roofs
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The expected savings generated in c
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� The degree to which the change
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enefits are complex to measure dire
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controls of the active cooling/heat
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temperature increases due to paveme
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curb‐side planting. Data gatherin
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location, orientation, growth/morta
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seasons, climate types, etc. Furthe
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the summer than the winter, thus ra
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A study in Japan tested the effect
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One US study written in 1998 seeks
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This section reports the findings f
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planning approach. Medium resolutio
Page 93 and 94: Urban design and planning is a comp
Page 95 and 96: 5 CRITICAL REVIEW OF UHI COUNTERMEA
Page 97 and 98: � Implementation Issues: The esti
Page 99 and 100: savings are used over solutions tha
Page 101 and 102: � 10.5 MtCO2 emissions per year f
Page 103 and 104: � Preparation: Substantial prepar
Page 105 and 106: 5.3.3 Green Roofs and Urban Green A
Page 107 and 108: 5.4 Economic Review The magnitude o
Page 109 and 110: 5.5 Opportunities for Scale Up (Bar
Page 111 and 112: technology, it evaluates the availa
Page 113 and 114: Availability: the level and type of
Page 115 and 116: integration would make them accepta
Page 117 and 118: Awareness: Planners and designers w
Page 119 and 120: would seek to incentivize UHI count
Page 121 and 122: homeowner for example to choose whe
Page 123 and 124: Planning issues for new builds, the
Page 125 and 126: 5.6.4 Energy Efficiency Measures Pl
Page 127 and 128: � Political will - The government
Page 129 and 130: not to create dedicated policy vehi
Page 131 and 132: � When developing costing analyse
Page 133 and 134: 7 GLOBAL SCIENTIFIC PANEL 7.1 Intro
Page 135 and 136: an understanding of planning policy
Page 137 and 138: Role Name Institution Country of Or
Page 139 and 140: Role Name Institution Country of Or
Page 141 and 142: sustainable architecture. He is an
Page 143: energy buildings, natural and mixed
Page 147 and 148: momentum in cities are measured and
Page 149 and 150: Ms MacDonald was formerly Director
Page 151 and 152: Name: Dr Dale Quattrochi Current Po
Page 153 and 154: Name: Joe Huang Current Position: L
Page 155 and 156: State University. He is former Pres
Page 157 and 158: Bank for Reconstruction and Develop
Page 159 and 160: planners/designers are equipped wit
Page 161 and 162: Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Ins
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