Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies

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Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Institution Journal Publication Citation Other Authors 055 Mitigating the urban heat island with green roof infrastructure 056 Mitigating Urban Heat Island effects with water and energy sensitive urban designs 057 Mitigating urban heat island: Possibility and effect of reducing anthropogenic heat emission from vehicles and buildings 058 Mitigation of the heat island effect in urban New Jersey 059 Mitigation of urban heat island: Meteorology, energy, and air quality impacts 060 Mitigation of Urban Heat Islands ‐ Recent progress and future prospects 061 Mitigation of urban heat islands: materials, utility programs, updates 062 Modeling and Simulation of the Tokyo Urban Heat Island. 063 Modeling the impacts of increased urban vegetation on ozone air quality in the south Brad Bass University of Toronto, Adaptation and Research Group, Environment Canada, Institute for Environmental Studies Anthony Brazel Arizona State University, School of Geographical Studies, Tempe Tsuyoshi Kinouchi Public Works Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan William D Solecki City University of New York, Department of Geography, Hunter College, Haider Taha Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group David J Sailor Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA Arthur Rosenfeld Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group T.S. Saitoh Tohoku University, Department of Aeronautics and Space Engineering, Sendal, Japan Haider Taha Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group Environmental Hazards Architectural Institute of Japan APPENDIX A Scott Krayenhoff, Alberto Martilli, Roland Stull J7.3 Patricia Gober, Susanne Grossman Clarke, Soe Myint, Ray Quay, A. Q. Miller, S. Rossi and Sue Grimmond 6.7 Junichi Yoshitani Environmental Hazards 6 (2005) 39‐ 49 J. Archit. Plann. Environ. Eng., AIJ, No. 529, 69‐76, Mat., 2000 Cynthia Rosenzweig, Lily Parshall, Greg Pope, Maria Clark, Jennifer Cox, Mary Wiencke Alan Meier, Weijun Gao, Toshio Ojima None Eva Wang, Niko Dietsch, David Hitchcock, Dale Quattrochi, Hashem Akbari Energy and Buildings Atmospheric Environment Atmospheric Environment Energy and Buildings, Volume 22, Page 255‐265, 1995 Atmospheric Environment, Volume 30, Issue 20, Pages 3431‐3442, 1996 Atmospheric Environment Vol. 30, No, 20, pp. 3423‐ H. Akbari, S. Bretz, B. L. Fishman, D. M. Kurn, D. Sailor, H. Taha T. Shimada, H. Hoshi Urban Heat Islands: 1.2 Bibliographic Report Page 155 30/09/2009
Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Institution Journal Publication Citation Other Authors coast air basin 3430, 1996 064 Modeling the impacts of large‐ scale albedo changes on ozone air quality in the south coast air basin 065 Numerical Study on the Effect of Buildings on Temperature Variation in Urban and Suburban Areas in Tokyo 066 Painting the Town White ‐ and Green 067 Passive Cooling of Outdoor Urban Spaces: The Role of Materials 068 Paving Materials for Heat Island Mitigation 069 Potential energy savings in buildings by an urban tree planting program in California 070 Potentials of urban heat island mitigation 071 Practical Issues for using solar reflective materials to mitigate urban heat islands 072 Preliminary survey of the solar reflectance of cool roofing materials Haider Taha Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group Takayki Tokairin National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Japan Arthur Rosenfeld Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group M Santamouris University of Athens, Group Building Environmental Studies, Section Applied Physics, Physics Department, Greece Melvin Pomerantz Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group E Gregory McPherson Atmospheric Environment Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan MITʹs Technology Review USDA Forest Service, California, USA Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Hashem Akbari Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group Sarah Bretz Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Program Paul Berdahl Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group Atmospheric Environment Vol. 31, No, 11, pp. 1667‐ 1676, 1997 Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 84, No. 5, pp. 921‐937, 2006 Solar Energy Solar Energy 77 (2004) 231‐249 Atmospheric Environment Energy and Buildings APPENDIX A Hiroaki Kondo, Hiroshi Yoshikado, Yutaka Genchi, Tomohiko Ihara Feb/March 1997 J Romm, H Akbari, A Lloyd L Doulos, I Livada LBL‐38074 H. Akbari, A Chen, H Taha, AH Rosenfeld Urban for Urban Green 2 (2003) 073‐ 086 International Conference “Passive and Low Energy Cooling for the Built Environmentʺ May 2005, Santorini, Greece Atmospheric Environment Vol. 32. No. 1 pp. 95 101. 1998 Energy and Buildings 25 (1997) 149‐158 James Simpson H Akbari, A Rosenfeld Sarah E Bretz Urban Heat Islands: 1.2 Bibliographic Report Page 156 30/09/2009
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Assessment of International Urban H
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Comments iii Bibliographic Report a
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS vii Bibliographic
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ix Bibliographic Report and Study o
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xi Bibliographic Report and Study o
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The mitigation technologies were fo
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a forward path; provides an economi
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2.1.1 Population Size/Density Popul
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workday effect and weekends. Studie
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Some UHI impacts are positive such
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correlation with vehicles and traff
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2.2.4 Peak Power Peak power describ
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temperature and climate, thus chang
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3 QUANTITATIVE MODELING & SIMULATIO
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The following papers use a number o
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Another study in Japan simulated ai
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This paper applied a model to calcu
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3.2 Simulations of UHI 3.2.1 Introd
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A study in France sought to find ou
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Traffic flow was calculated using c
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Implementation Issues 4 North & Asi
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These studies were founded primaril
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(humidification and heat sink insta
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emissions and the tree topology rel
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At a City scale one study focuses o
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This section reports the findings f
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Recent steps taken in cities in the
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� Most US States encourage tree p
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o 29 German cities offer subsidies
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4.5.1 Review for Cool Roofs: 4.5.1.
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the global emitted CO2 offset poten
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standards to promote the cool roofs
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The expected savings generated in c
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� The degree to which the change
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enefits are complex to measure dire
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controls of the active cooling/heat
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temperature increases due to paveme
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curb‐side planting. Data gatherin
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location, orientation, growth/morta
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seasons, climate types, etc. Furthe
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the summer than the winter, thus ra
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A study in Japan tested the effect
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One US study written in 1998 seeks
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This section reports the findings f
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planning approach. Medium resolutio
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Urban design and planning is a comp
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5 CRITICAL REVIEW OF UHI COUNTERMEA
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� Implementation Issues: The esti
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savings are used over solutions tha
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� 10.5 MtCO2 emissions per year f
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� Preparation: Substantial prepar
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5.3.3 Green Roofs and Urban Green A
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5.4 Economic Review The magnitude o
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5.5 Opportunities for Scale Up (Bar
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technology, it evaluates the availa
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Availability: the level and type of
Page 115 and 116: integration would make them accepta
Page 117 and 118: Awareness: Planners and designers w
Page 119 and 120: would seek to incentivize UHI count
Page 121 and 122: homeowner for example to choose whe
Page 123 and 124: Planning issues for new builds, the
Page 125 and 126: 5.6.4 Energy Efficiency Measures Pl
Page 127 and 128: � Political will - The government
Page 129 and 130: not to create dedicated policy vehi
Page 131 and 132: � When developing costing analyse
Page 133 and 134: 7 GLOBAL SCIENTIFIC PANEL 7.1 Intro
Page 135 and 136: an understanding of planning policy
Page 137 and 138: Role Name Institution Country of Or
Page 139 and 140: Role Name Institution Country of Or
Page 141 and 142: sustainable architecture. He is an
Page 143 and 144: energy buildings, natural and mixed
Page 145 and 146: Name: Hashem Akbari Current Positio
Page 147 and 148: momentum in cities are measured and
Page 149 and 150: Ms MacDonald was formerly Director
Page 151 and 152: Name: Dr Dale Quattrochi Current Po
Page 153 and 154: Name: Joe Huang Current Position: L
Page 155 and 156: State University. He is former Pres
Page 157 and 158: Bank for Reconstruction and Develop
Page 159 and 160: planners/designers are equipped wit
Page 161 and 162: Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Ins
Page 165: Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Ins
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