Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies

4 MITIGATION OF URBAN HEAT ISLANDS
4.1 Introduction
This section of the report provides a review of the literature gathered on the urban heat island
mitigation technologies and strategies and summarizes the salient points from these studies. The
studies reviewed have been collected from across the globe and seek to highlight the mitigation
potentials of the technologies, their current status and the related techno‐economic factors
applying to both existing and newly built urban environments.
A vast majority of the papers have been written on mitigating the urban heat island through a
range of countermeasures. The papers are categorized and then reviewed in the following
sections: Energy/Peak Power/CO2; Economic Assessment; Policy/Strategic Assessment;
Technologies; Implementation Issues; Urban Design/Planning; and Environmental Assessment ‐
for each of these sections the underlying principles, a summary and the salient points from the
literature review follow. In the case of the technologies, the key mitigation technologies i.e. cool
roofs, cool pavements and urban green areas and green roofs are examined in greater detail to
provide an overview of the current status of the policy and a critique focused on identifying the
limitations in the existing studies that lead to a research priority plan which is outlined in section
6.
Number of Continent
Mitigation
References Considered
Energy/Peak Power/CO2 20 North America,
Asia
Economic Assessment 8 North America
(for city/ state/
national); and all
continents for
Policy/Strategic Assessment 24
Global Estimates
(not with rigor)
North America,
Europe & Asia
Technologies
(Cool Roofs (including Photovoltaic
roofs), Cool Pavements/Roads, etc.,
Green Roofs/Urban Green Areas,
Vehicle Paints, Other (District cooling/
Water cooling))
83
North America,
Europe, Asia
Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies
Climate Types
Considered List of references
Equatorial, Arid, 009, 015, 021, 022, 027, 028,
Warm temperate 031, 033, 034 035, 039, 041,
059, 066, 070, 079, 111, 112,
142, 171
Equatorial, Arid, 025, 027, 028, 033, 035, 112,
Warm temperate 142, 176
Equatorial, Arid,
Warm temperate
Equatorial, Arid,
Warm
temperate, Snow
025, 027, 034, 040, 045, 047,
060, 061, 066, 071, 073, 074,
076, 081, 093, 101, 108, 201,
210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215
002, 003, 006, 007, 010, 011,
013, 015, 020, 021, 025, 026,
027, 028, 029, 032, 033, 034,
035, 037, 039, 040, 041, 046,
047, 048, 053, 055, 058, 059,
060, 061, 063, 066, 067, 068,
069, 070, 071, 072, 074, 075,
077, 079, 080, 082, 083, 086,
087, 088, 092, 105, 109, 110,
111, 112, 122, 127, 128, 134,
142, 156, 177, 178, 179, 180,
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