Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies

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Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Institution Journal Publication Citation Other Authors 165 Seasonal and diurnal variations of near‐surface atmospheric CO2 concentration with a residential sector of urban CO2 dome of Phoenix, AZ, USA 166 Anthropogenic and natural CO2 emission sources in an arid urban environment 167 Temporal variations in atmospheric CO2 concentrations in Kuwait City, Kuwait with comparisons to Phoenix, Arizona, USA 168 Energy impacts of heat island reduction strategies in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada 169 Peak power and cooling energy savings of shade trees 170 Peak power and cooling energy savings of high‐albedo roofs 171 Energy and peak power savings potential of radiant cooling systems in US commercial buildings 172 Impact of Climate Change – An Economic Perspective 173 Urbanization and warming of Phoenix (Arizona, USA): Impacts, feedbacks and mitigation 174 Hot years and serious deadly assault: empirical test of the heat hypothesis 175 Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change Sherwood Idso US Water Conservation Laboratory, Phoenix, Arizona B. Koerner Arizona State University, Department of Plant Biology Atmospheric Environment Environmental Pollution Hassan Nasrallah State of Kuwait Environmental Pollution Hashem Akbari Hashem Akbari Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group Hashem Akbari Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Heat Island Group Corina Stetiu KS Lam Hong Kong Polytechnic University Energy and Buildings Energy and Buildings APPENDIX A 36 (2002) 1655‐1660 Craig Idso, Robert Balling Jr Environmental J.Klopatek Pollution 116(2002)S45‐S51 121 (2003) 301‐305 Robert Balling Jr, Shaker Mohammed Madi, Lamya Al‐Ansari 25 (1997) 139‐148 Dan Kurn, Sarah Bretz, James Hanford 25 (1997) 117‐126 Sarah Bretz, Dan M Kurn, James Hanford Lawrence Baker University of Minnesota Urban Ecosystems 6: 183‐203, 2002 Brazel, Selover, Martin, McIntyre, Steiner, Nelson, Musacchio CA Anderson J Personality and Social Psychology 73 (1997), 1213‐1223 Bushman, Groom Urban Heat Islands: 1.2 Bibliographic Report Page 169 30/09/2009
Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Institution Journal Publication Citation Other Authors 176 Cooling energy savings potential of light‐colored roofs for residential and commercial buildings in 11 US metropolitan areas S Konopacki 177 Energy Modelling of district cooling system for new urban development 178 Applying district‐cooling technology in Hong Kong 179 Time to Tackle Toronto’s Warming 180 Energy Conservation and Urban Heat Island Mitigation Effects by Solar Reflective Coating to an Automobile 181 Cool Cars Standards and Test Procedures APPENDIX A TT Chow City University of Hong Kong Applied Energy 79 (2004) 275‐289 WH Au, Raymond Yau, Vincent Cheng, Apple Chan, KF Fong TT Chow City University of Hong Kong Energy and Buildings Eva Ligeti Clean Air Partnership Tomohiko Ihara National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Japan 182 Impact of rapid urban growth on heat and moisture islands in Pune City, India Vrishali Deosthali University of Pune, India 183 184 Assessment of Urban Heat Island Intensities over Delhi Manju Mohan 36 (2004) 1153‐1162 KF Fong, ALS Chan, R Yau, WH Au, V Cheng International Workshop on Countermeasures to Urban Heat Islands August 3rd, 2006 California Air Resources Board Public Workshop, March 12, 2009 Indian Institute of Technology (Centre for Atmospheric Sciences), Delhi, India Urban Heat Island: Cause for microclimate variations Sheeba Valsson MM College of Architecture, Nagpur 185 Benefit‐cost analysis of Modestoʹs municipal urban forest 186 Tree Guidelines for Coastal Southern California Communities E Gregory McPherson E Gregory McPherson USDA Forest Service, Western Center for Urban Forest Research and Education Atmospheric Environment 34 (2000) 2745‐2754 The seventh International Conference on Urban Cliamte 29 June ‐ 3 July 2009, Yokohama, Japan Yukihiro Kikegawa, BR Gurjar, Shweta Bhati, Anurag Kandya, Koichi Ogawa Architecture ‐ Time Space & People Apr‐09 Alka Bharat Journal of Aboriculture 25 (5): September 1999 USDA Forest Service, Western Center for Urban Forest Research and Education January 2000 James Simpson, Paula Peper, Qingfu Xiao James Simpson, Paula Peper, Qingfu Xiao, Klaus Scott Urban Heat Islands: 1.2 Bibliographic Report Page 170 30/09/2009
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Assessment of International Urban H
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Comments iii Bibliographic Report a
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS vii Bibliographic
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ix Bibliographic Report and Study o
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xi Bibliographic Report and Study o
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The mitigation technologies were fo
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a forward path; provides an economi
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2.1.1 Population Size/Density Popul
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workday effect and weekends. Studie
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Some UHI impacts are positive such
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correlation with vehicles and traff
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2.2.4 Peak Power Peak power describ
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temperature and climate, thus chang
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3 QUANTITATIVE MODELING & SIMULATIO
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The following papers use a number o
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Another study in Japan simulated ai
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This paper applied a model to calcu
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3.2 Simulations of UHI 3.2.1 Introd
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A study in France sought to find ou
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Traffic flow was calculated using c
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Implementation Issues 4 North & Asi
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These studies were founded primaril
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(humidification and heat sink insta
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emissions and the tree topology rel
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At a City scale one study focuses o
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This section reports the findings f
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Recent steps taken in cities in the
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� Most US States encourage tree p
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o 29 German cities offer subsidies
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4.5.1 Review for Cool Roofs: 4.5.1.
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the global emitted CO2 offset poten
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standards to promote the cool roofs
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The expected savings generated in c
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� The degree to which the change
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enefits are complex to measure dire
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controls of the active cooling/heat
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temperature increases due to paveme
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curb‐side planting. Data gatherin
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location, orientation, growth/morta
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seasons, climate types, etc. Furthe
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the summer than the winter, thus ra
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A study in Japan tested the effect
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One US study written in 1998 seeks
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This section reports the findings f
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planning approach. Medium resolutio
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Urban design and planning is a comp
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5 CRITICAL REVIEW OF UHI COUNTERMEA
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� Implementation Issues: The esti
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savings are used over solutions tha
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� 10.5 MtCO2 emissions per year f
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� Preparation: Substantial prepar
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5.3.3 Green Roofs and Urban Green A
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5.4 Economic Review The magnitude o
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5.5 Opportunities for Scale Up (Bar
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technology, it evaluates the availa
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Availability: the level and type of
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integration would make them accepta
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Awareness: Planners and designers w
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would seek to incentivize UHI count
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homeowner for example to choose whe
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Planning issues for new builds, the
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5.6.4 Energy Efficiency Measures Pl
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� Political will - The government
Page 129 and 130: not to create dedicated policy vehi
Page 131 and 132: � When developing costing analyse
Page 133 and 134: 7 GLOBAL SCIENTIFIC PANEL 7.1 Intro
Page 135 and 136: an understanding of planning policy
Page 137 and 138: Role Name Institution Country of Or
Page 139 and 140: Role Name Institution Country of Or
Page 141 and 142: sustainable architecture. He is an
Page 143 and 144: energy buildings, natural and mixed
Page 145 and 146: Name: Hashem Akbari Current Positio
Page 147 and 148: momentum in cities are measured and
Page 149 and 150: Ms MacDonald was formerly Director
Page 151 and 152: Name: Dr Dale Quattrochi Current Po
Page 153 and 154: Name: Joe Huang Current Position: L
Page 155 and 156: State University. He is former Pres
Page 157 and 158: Bank for Reconstruction and Develop
Page 159 and 160: planners/designers are equipped wit
Page 161 and 162: Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Ins
Page 179: Paper Ref Title of Paper Author Ins
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Review and Critical Analysis of International UHI Studies

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