broadband strategies handbook.pdf - Khazar University

Similarly, in France net neutrality rules would be applicable to any broadbandaccess technology (that is, to both wireline and mobile networks).However, ARCEP may implement the rules differently, particularly withrespect to the means of assessing which traffic management mechanismsare acceptable. ARCEP might allow mobile operators to restrict access tocertain sites or applications for objective, nondiscriminatory, and justifiedreasons on the basis that mobile networks are currently more vulnerable tocongestion due to scarcity of available frequencies and the surge in data trafficgenerated by smartphones. However, ARCEP proposed that traffic managementpractices of mobile network operators must satisfy technicalimperatives and cannot involve banning or blocking an application or a protocol(including VoIP, peer-to-peer, or streaming) and must not use thesepractices as a substitute for investing in increasing network capacity.In the EU, the open Internet consultation also briefly addressed whetherprinciples governing traffic management should be the same for both wirelineand mobile networks. The consultation notes that wireline broadbandproviders have not blocked VoIP services, but that some mobile operatorshave blocked VoIP services from third-party providers or have chargedrates to end users in excess of normal rates for equivalent amounts of data.Since traffic management rules were not imposed by the open Internetreport, no distinction is made between wireline and mobile services. However,the transparency, disclosure, and switching rules apply equally to bothwireline and mobile Internet providers.Security in CyberspaceBroadband services and applications are increasingly expanding into everyaspect of our lives. Greater numbers of consumers are now using broadbandInternet connections for education, entertainment, banking, and shoppingas well as to interact socially and with their governments. Businesses areusing broadband to increase their internal efficiency and productivity, andonline web representation has become more important for many businessesthan traditional marketing channels such as printed publicity materials.Furthermore, essential services, such as water and electricity supply, banking,transportation infrastructure, and public safety, now heavily rely oncritical information infrastructure (CII; see ITU-D 2009b, 11).In an increasingly broadband-connected environment, even brief interruption,degradation, or compromise of service may have significant social,economic, and political consequences that negatively affect consumers,businesses, and governments. Given these consequences, the success ofLaw and Regulation for a Broadband World 129