broadband strategies handbook.pdf - Khazar University

mobile operatorsand backbone service, 114increase of in Africa, 65–66mobile virtual network operators(MVNOs), 119Mobilis, 266b6.6mobility, as key to social networking, 280Moldova, 304b7.3, 307Moldtelcom, Moldova, 307b7.4Mongolia, 16, 173b4.4, 181monitoring, 82–84, 142, 270–71Moroccobroadband development in, 319f 7.6,320t7.2, 324–25ICT training in, 16new service providers, 304–5b7.3spectrum in, 96, 311and universal access, 169, 190n15M-PESA mobile money platform, 323MPLS. See Multiprotocol Label Switching(MPLS)MTN, 266multilateral agencies, 217multilateral development organizations,180–81multiplexing, 201, 223, 228–29Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS),198multiservice authorizations, 95–96municipal broadband networks, 73municipal governments, and access tobroadband, 165mutualization of fiber, 145n21MVNOs. See mobile virtual networkoperators (MVNOs)MyICMS. See Malaysian Information,Communications, and MultimediaServices (MyICMS)NNAFID@, Morocco, 16Napster, 142national backbone network, 196, 197–98National Broadband Initiative (NBI),Malaysia, 248National Broadband Plans (NBPs), 45, 322Brazil, 50select South Asia nations, 313t7.1United States, 99, 110, 160, 161, 259, 336weblinks to, 335–36National Broadband Scheme (NBS),Iceland, 159nationwide broadband network (NBN), 50NBI. See National Broadband Initiative(NBI), MalaysiaNBN. See nationwide broadband network(NBN)NBPs. See National Broadband Plans(NBPs)NCC. See Nigerian CommunicationsCommission (NCC)Net1, Sweden, 232b3.2netbooks, affordability of, 261–63, 265b6.5the Netherlandse-government services, 275and local applications development, 259local government support for broadbanddevelopment, 73, 74b2.5subsidies for connecting, 267transition to all-IP network, 200net present value (NPV), 68–69, 162b4.2networked information economy, 139–40network management practices, 240network neutrality, 125–29, 139network operators, 92, 93–94network platforms, 25networks, 40, 66–67, 221access to, 56–57, 109all-IP networks, 198–200, 241n1convergence with communications,93–94demand for, 40–42, 85n2investments in, 71network build-out, 219, 220network management practice, 126,128–29network-sharing agreements, 57–58next generation, 104, 108–11, 198, 224open-access networks, 168overview of, 195–96See also specific networknew entrants, to broadband services, 303–5New Zealand, and illegal file sharing, 142next-generation access (NGA), 69–70,94–96, 170–71next-generation networks (NGNs), 104,108–11, 198, 224NGA. See next-generation access (NGA)NGNs. See next-generation networks(NGNs)Nigeriaand backbone networks, 213, 217income spent on mobile service, 175,190n19international connectivity market in,112–13364 Broadband Strategies Handbook