broadband strategies handbook.pdf - Khazar University

8. Decree-Law no. 151-A/2000 (July 20, 2000), http://www.anacom.pt/render.jsp?contentId=17094.9. On March 3, 2010, the minister for broadband, communications, and the digitaleconomy announced that spectrum license reissue would be considered forthose existing 15-year spectrum licensees that were already using theirspectrum licenses to provide services to significant numbers of Australianconsumers or who had in place networks capable of providing services tosignificant numbers of consumers. As part of an eventual decision, considerationwill be given to the five public interest criteria, which were supported byindustry, stemming from the 2009 consultation process. The criteria are (a)promoting the highest-value use for spectrum, (b) investment and innovation,(c) competition, (d) consumer convenience, and (e) determining an appropriaterate of return to the community. See Australia, Parliament of the Commonwealth,House of Representatives (2010).10. Financial Express, “Mobile Operators’ Plea for ‘Reasonable’ Renewal Fees,”February 9, 2011, http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/more.php?news_id=125552&date=2011-02-09; TeleGeography, “Bangladesh: GovernmentAgrees to Revise Mobile Licence Renewal Terms,” April 13, 2011, http://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2011/04/13/governmentagrees-to-revise-mobile-licence-renewal-terms/.11. Competitive concerns have been raised regarding municipally owned andoperated wireless broadband networks, especially in cases where they maycrowd out investment from private parties.12. ABI Research, “Wi-Fi IC Shipments Forecast to Surpass 770 Million Units in2010,” November 2010, http://www.abiresearch.com/press/1664-Wi-Fi+IC+Shipments+Forecast+to+Surpass+770+Million+Units+in+2010.13. See infoDev and ITU, “ICT Regulation Toolkit, Module 2: Competition andPrice Regulation,” sec. 4.8.1, The Role of Internet Exchange Points, http://www.ictregulationtoolkit.org/en/Section.2192.html.14. infoDev and ITU, “ICT Regulation Toolkit, Module 2: Competition and PriceRegulation,” sec. 4.8.3, Internet Exchange Points in Africa, http://www.ictregulationtoolkit.org/en/Section.2195.html.15. The point that peering and transit arrangements are demand-side substituteshas recently been made by the European Commission in a case involving thePolish regulatory authority’s proposal to regulate these services as separaterelevant markets. See European Commission (2010a, para. 36).16. Traffic can also be routed using satellite connectivity, which may be the onlyalternative in many developing countries, including landlocked countries andSIDSs. However, satellite links have certain drawbacks such as limited capacity,are more expensive, and experience delays in transmission.17. Colombia, Comisión de Regulación de Comunicaciones, Resolution no. 2065(February 27, 2009).18. Serbian Railways, “PE Serbian Railways and PTT Serbia Signed the Contract onTelecommunications Infrastructure Construction along the Lines,” January 13,2011, http://www.serbianrailways.com/system/en/home/newsplus/viewsingle/_params/newsplus_news_id/26885.html.144 Broadband Strategies Handbook