broadband strategies handbook.pdf - Khazar University

economies of scale, 121ecosystem model, viewing broadband as,4–5, 24–26, 323, 325, 346and absorptive capacity, 26–29, 31n14Colombia, 275, 276b6.7and e-government, 328and legal framework, 130See also demand-side components;supply-side componentsEC. See European Commission (EC)ECTEL. See Eastern CaribbeanTelecommunications Authority(ECTEL)EDGE. See Enhanced Data Rates for GSMEvolution (EDGE)e-Dominicana Strategy, 160–61, 189n9educationAfghanistan, 318digital literacy through, 251–58, 264b6.5e-education, 254, 275, 283Europe e-learning, 283link to broadband demand, 308–9MDGs concerning, 297on privacy issues, 137and Web2.0, 282–83See also training for ICTsEee PC, 266b6.6E-Escola Program, Portugal, 264efficiency, in flow of UASFs, 187e-government, 258, 273impact of broadband on, 17–19Morocco, 324–35Sri Lanka, 326, 331n22Turkey, 328United States, 19, 274, 275Egyptstreet diwan, 286e-health, 16–17, 275–77, 288n31e-Inclusion, 252eLAC2015, adoption of, 309–10e-learning, Europe, 283electricity, and use of broadband overpowerline, 229e-literacy, 62emergency calls, 271emerging economies, 12growth in wireline broadband, 301–2See also economiesemploymentimpact of broadband on, 9–10, 30n3impact on GDP, 2enabling platform, 1, 4–5, 11and competition for subsidies, 174,175t4.3, 177–78and economic development, 28–29and migration to digital networks, 22–24encoding schemes, 228–29enforcement issues, 137–38, 140, 146nn35–37English language use, 284, 285f6.6, 289n42Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution(EDGE), 198, 229–30, 233t5.5,243nn30–31, 265–66ENTEL-Chile, 176Ericsson, 204Ericsson and Apollo TelemedicineNetworking Foundation, 277ESCAP. See Economic and SocialCommission for Asia and the Pacific(ESCAP)e-services, 274–75e-Sri Lanka, 326, 331n22Ethernet, 228, 229EuroDOCSIS, 224, 226Europe, 117, 136broadband development in, 306–8e-learning initiatives, 283and infrastructure access, 57Internet connections in, 105submarine cable to link to Africa, 72subsidies for mobile devices, 265See also specific countryEuropean Commission (EC), 10, 117, 161broadband impact studies by, 15–16charging arrangements, 110Communication on Broadband, 158and data privacy protection, 135, 137functional separation proposals, 123guidelines for fiscal support ofbroadband, 69net neutrality policies, 126privacy by design, 136state aid rules, 170Europe and Central Asia, broadbanddevelopment in, 306–8European Investment Bank, 66European Regional Development Fund,Convergence Program, 70European Union (EU), 97, 165, 252broadband subscriptions, 78–79and data privacy protection, 135, 146n31employment growth link to broadband, 10general authorization regime, 95and ISP liability, 141Telecoms Reform, 123, 145n23and use of public funds for broadband,69, 70b2.4use of USFs, 73–74356 Broadband Strategies Handbook