broadband strategies handbook.pdf - Khazar University

family of standards. Despite the goal of standardization, five significantly differentradio interfaces for IMT-2000 were approved in ITU-R RecommendationM.1457 in 1999. WiMAX was added to M.1457 in 2007 (table 5.5). 34W-CDMA/UMTS. Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA), also referred to as UMTS,is characterized by the use of Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD). Ituses paired spectrum in 5 MHz wide radio channels. W-CDMA is oftenmarketed as an upgrade from GSM, although it requires new base stationsand initially new frequency allocation. However, since W-CDMA handsetsare generally dual-mode to support GSM, roaming between the two networksis typically seamless. Given its ties to the dominant GSM standard,W-CDMA has been the most successful of the IMT-2000 technologies interms of subscriptions.Table 5.5 IMT-2000 Radio InterfacesRadio interfacetechnology Common name CommentCDMA direct spread W-CDMA/UMTS Original frequencies in standard: 1,920–1,980 MHz asuplink and 2,110–2,170 MHz as downlinkLater added: 2.6 GHz, 1,900 MHz, 1,800 MHz, 1,700MHz, 1,500 MHz, 900 MHz, 850 MHz, and 800 MHzbands as well as a pairing of parts, or whole, of1,710–1,770 MHz as uplink with whole, or parts, of2,110–2,170 MHz as downlinkCDMA multicarrier CDMA 2000 Including 1X and EV-DO. As the 3G-evolution path for 2GTIA/EIA-95-B standards, assumption is that 3G woulduse the same 2G frequenciesCDMA TDD TD-SCDMA Original frequencies in standard: 1,900–1,920 MHz and2,010–2,025 MHz for both uplink and downlink operation.Added later: 1,850–1,910 MHz, 1,910–1,930 MHz, and1,930–1,990 MHzTDMA single-carrier EDGE Provides an evolution path for GSM/GPRS so assumptionis that implementation would use the same 2G frequenciesFDMA/TDMA DECT Not widely used as a mobile cellular technologyOFDMA TDD WMANWiMAX (IEEE802.16)Frequencies not mentioned in standard. Generallycommercially implemented in the 2.3, 2.5/2.6, and 3.5GHz bandsSource: ITU, Radio Communication Sector, Recommendation M.1457.Note: FDMA = Frequency Division Multiple Access; OFDMA = Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing; TDD = Time DivisionDuplexès; TDMA = Time Division Multiple Access; TD-SCMA = Time Division–Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access;TIA/EIA = Telecommunications Industry Association/Electronics Industry Association; WMAN = Wide area Metropolitan AccessNetwork.Technologies to Support Deployment of Broadband Infrastructure 233