broadband strategies handbook.pdf - Khazar University

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MyICMSNBINBNNBPNBSNCCNGANGNNPVOBAOECDOFDMOLPCOSPPCPDAPIIPLMNPONPOPPPPPSTNR&DRANRCDFRCIPRFIDRTRSARSAT3/SAFESAT3/WASCSBOSC-FDMASDSDHSEACOMSE-ME-WESENAMalaysian Information, Communications, andMultimedia ServicesNational Broadband Initiative (Malaysia, Indonesia)national <strong>broadband</strong> networkNational Broadband Plan (United States)National Broadband Scheme (Ireland)Nigerian Communications Commissionnext-generation accessnext-generation networknet present valueoutput-based aidOrganisation for Economic Co-operation andDevelopmentOrthogonal Frequency Division MultiplexingOne Laptop per Childonline service providerpersonal computerpersonal digital assistantpersonally identifiable informationpublic land mobile networkpassive optical networkpoint of presencepublic-private partnershippublic switched telephone networkresearch and developmentradio access networkRural Communications Development Fund (Uganda)Regional Communications Infrastructure Programradio frequency identificationRundfunk & Telekom Regulierungs (Austria)Special Administrative RegionSouth Atlantic 3/South Africa Far EastSouth Atlantic 3/Western Africa Submarine Cableservice-based operatorSingle Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Accessstandard definitionSynchronous Digital HierarchySouthern and East Africa Cable SystemSouth East Asia-Middle East-West EuropeServicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (Colombia) (NationalTraining Service)xxiiBroadband Strategies Handbook
SIDASIDSSLCERTSMESMSSOFDMASONETSTBSUBTELTbit/sTDDTDFTD-SCDMATEAMSTESPOKTLDTMGTRATRAITVUAFUASUASFU-CANULLUMTSUNCTADUSFUSOUSOFVANSVDSLVLEVoBVoDVoIPSwedish International Development Agencysmall island developing stateSri Lanka computer emergency response teamsmall and medium enterpriseshort message serviceScalable Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiple AccessSynchronous Optical Networkset-top boxSubsecretaría de Telecomunicaciones (Chile)(Telecommunications Regulator)terabits per secondTime Division DuplexingTelecommunications Development FundTime Division–Synchronous Code Division MultipleAccess (mobile communication standard)The East African Marine SystemTelecommunications Service Providers Association(Kenya)Top-level domainTelecommunications Management Group, Inc.Telecommunications Regulatory AuthorityTelecommunications Regulatory Authority of IndiatelevisionUniversal Access Fund (Jamaica)universal access and serviceuniversal access and service fundUbiquitous Canadian Access Networkunbundled local loopUniversal Mobile Telecommunications System (seeW-CDMA)Un ited Nations Conference on Trade and Developmentuniversal service funduniversal service obligationuniversal service obligation fundvalue added network servicevery high-speed DSLvirtual learning environmentvoice over <strong>broadband</strong>video on demandvoice over Internet ProtocolAbbreviationsxxiii
Page 1: Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic
Page 5 and 6: BroadbandStrategiesHandbookEditorsT
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTSForewordAcknowledgmentsAbou
Page 9 and 10: Broadband Experiences in Selected C
Page 11 and 12: 2.3 Addressing Bottlenecks in Broad
Page 13: 5.2 DSL Connection Speeds, by Type
Page 16 and 17: asis for the ICT Regulation Toolkit
Page 18 and 19: Case studies were prepared to suppo
Page 20 and 21: ABBREVIATIONS2G3G3GPP4GACEADSLAPECA
Page 22 and 23: FDMAFICORAFIRSTFITELFRIENDSFTTxFUST
Page 26 and 27: VSATW-CDMAWDMWi-FiWiMAXWSISxDSLvery
Page 28 and 29: side) and the adoption of broadband
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER 1Building BroadbandIn just
Page 33 and 34: demonstrate that broadband can enab
Page 35 and 36: While some may disagree on the prec
Page 37 and 38: Figure 1.2 Estimated Minimum and Ma
Page 39 and 40: Broadband, Employment, and Job Crea
Page 41 and 42: Broadband as a General-Purpose Tech
Page 43 and 44: allow businesses to move more rapid
Page 45 and 46: In addition, sophisticated services
Page 47 and 48: Box 1.3: Mobile Health Services in
Page 49 and 50: Countries around the world are prov
Page 51 and 52: Table 1.3 Wireless and Wireline Bro
Page 53 and 54: Box 1.4: User Trends That Promote D
Page 55 and 56: Under the ecosystem model (figure 1
Page 57 and 58: As discussed, broadband alone has l
Page 59 and 60: Box 1.5: Capacity to Absorb Technol
Page 61 and 62: 5. Apple, “Staggering iPhone App
Page 63 and 64: Commission of the European Communit
Page 65 and 66: Ndahiro, Moses. 2010. “RDB Forgin
Page 67 and 68: CHAPTER 2Policy Approaches to Promo
Page 69 and 70: facilitate, and complement market d
Page 71 and 72: development for governments to focu
Page 73 and 74: Box 2.1: Public Sector’s Role in
Page 75 and 76:
A good plan should aim to promote e
Page 77 and 78:
Box 2.2: Broadband Strategies in Mi
Page 79 and 80:
(for example, network build-out, sp
Page 81 and 82:
through construction and adoption.
Page 83 and 84:
Policy Approaches to Promoting Broa
Page 85 and 86:
island developing states (SIDSs) 6
Page 87 and 88:
In Europe, for example, where the i
Page 89 and 90:
operations of a dominant provider,
Page 91 and 92:
previously had no broadband access.
Page 93 and 94:
Broadband applications and services
Page 95 and 96:
provide service to profitable, high
Page 97 and 98:
delivering fiber-based coverage at
Page 99 and 100:
e good for the economy, but are unl
Page 101 and 102:
planned economic stimulus packages.
Page 103 and 104:
urban households by 2012. Under the
Page 105 and 106:
Policy Approaches to Promoting Broa
Page 107 and 108:
Figure 2.4 Categ ories of Broadband
Page 109 and 110:
the EU and also provides a breakdow
Page 111 and 112:
Figure 2.7 Avera ge Download Speed
Page 113 and 114:
Table 2.6 Monthly Prices for Wireli
Page 115 and 116:
may also argue that broadband is no
Page 117 and 118:
19. “Average Broadband Speed Is S
Page 119:
———. 2010. “Wireless Broadb
Page 122 and 123:
its full potential is realized, a c
Page 124 and 125:
or authorization, which thereby ena
Page 126 and 127:
Figure 3.2 Example of Multiservice
Page 128 and 129:
When considering adopting flexible-
Page 130 and 131:
Spectrum trading (also known as “
Page 132 and 133:
in 2003 on the renewal of GSM licen
Page 134:
However, given the various timeline
Page 138 and 139:
IP-Based Interco nnection: Wholesal
Page 140 and 141:
arrangements (for example, BAK) or
Page 142 and 143:
Regulating Bottl enecks in the Broa
Page 144 and 145:
example, after conducting a review
Page 146 and 147:
Particularly for rural and remote a
Page 148 and 149:
lower cost structure in rural areas
Page 150 and 151:
physical space in buildings), tower
Page 152 and 153:
2010, 494-95). In such cases, a dom
Page 154 and 155:
separation is considered a last-res
Page 156 and 157:
“best efforts” basis, deliverin
Page 158 and 159:
Table 3.1 Status of Net Neutrality
Page 160 and 161:
oadband requires a significant focu
Page 162 and 163:
CybercrimeCybercrime can be broadly
Page 164 and 165:
frameworks prepared to prevent, ide
Page 166 and 167:
Privacy by Design“Privacy by desi
Page 168 and 169:
of privacy laws. One example is the
Page 170 and 171:
y providing alternative sources of
Page 172 and 173:
works has become a major issue. IPR
Page 174 and 175:
8. Decree-Law no. 151-A/2000 (July
Page 176 and 177:
€100,000 fine imposed in France i
Page 178 and 179:
Benkler, Yochai. 2006. The Wealth o
Page 180 and 181:
Regulatory Framework for Electronic
Page 182 and 183:
———. 2009b. “Understanding
Page 184 and 185:
United States, FTC (Federal Trade C
Page 186 and 187:
public sector investment for privat
Page 188 and 189:
in the European Commission’s 2010
Page 190 and 191:
oadband deployment. In certain inst
Page 192 and 193:
(for example, international gateway
Page 194 and 195:
for developing and financing teleco
Page 196 and 197:
Box 4.3: Broadband Development in R
Page 198 and 199:
allowing operators to obtain additi
Page 200 and 201:
It may be possible to reduce the co
Page 202 and 203:
In the context of market-oriented e
Page 204 and 205:
viable on their own, and to determi
Page 206 and 207:
The supply side. The primary concer
Page 208 and 209:
years, a local municipality or a no
Page 210 and 211:
UASFs if the contributions and the
Page 212 and 213:
B ox 4.5: Regional Communications I
Page 214 and 215:
licensed operators, for example, ca
Page 216 and 217:
Box 4.6: Reform of the USF in the U
Page 218 and 219:
through the use of UASFs, PPPs, or
Page 220 and 221:
14. ITU, “ITU Statshot,” Januar
Page 222 and 223:
Dymond, Andrew. 2010. “Universal
Page 224 and 225:
Wellenius, Björn, Vivien Foster, a
Page 226 and 227:
effectively and efficiently. This h
Page 228 and 229:
attractive to leverage existing net
Page 230 and 231:
incumbent operators around the worl
Page 232 and 233:
capital in the short run. Carriers
Page 234 and 235:
provide a point-to-point or point-t
Page 236 and 237:
and regional fiber backbones may no
Page 238 and 239:
of smaller ISPs. For example, in or
Page 240 and 241:
fiber optic cable capacity services
Page 242 and 243:
F igure 5.5 Backbone Networks in Bo
Page 244 and 245:
Table 5.1Optimum Choice of Backbone
Page 246 and 247:
With a Layer 3 IXP, traffic is exch
Page 248 and 249:
networks running along grids or rai
Page 250 and 251:
220Figure 5.7 Metro Fiber Ringcarri
Page 252 and 253:
Figure 5.8 Number of Broadband Subs
Page 254 and 255:
challenges by extending distances a
Page 256 and 257:
Internet access provides download s
Page 258 and 259:
Table 5.3 FTTP Acce ss ProtocolsAcc
Page 260 and 261:
(120 kbit/s, according to the GSMA)
Page 262 and 263:
Table 5.4 EV-DO Peak an d Average S
Page 264 and 265:
High-Speed Packet Access refers to
Page 266 and 267:
go beyond those of IMT-2000” (Blu
Page 268 and 269:
• Relief for congested mobile net
Page 270 and 271:
has to purchase additional download
Page 272 and 273:
14. Internet Service Providers’ A
Page 274 and 275:
ReferencesAustralia, Department of
Page 276 and 277:
Marks, Roger. 2010. “IEEE 802.16
Page 278 and 279:
justify those investments. Demand-s
Page 280 and 281:
Figure 6.2 Elements of Digital Lite
Page 282 and 283:
overall educational background of a
Page 284 and 285:
Broadband can also improve digital
Page 286 and 287:
Box 6.2: Measur ing Digital Literac
Page 288 and 289:
oadband needs within the context of
Page 290 and 291:
Commerce, illustrate the importance
Page 292 and 293:
Box 6.4: Device Price TrendsNew com
Page 294 and 295:
Box 6.5: Promoting Dig ital Literac
Page 296 and 297:
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evoluti
Page 298 and 299:
Shared or Community AccessIn additi
Page 300 and 301:
Within the broadband ecosystem, the
Page 302 and 303:
Others have developed more extensiv
Page 304 and 305:
high-bandwidth networks, online int
Page 306 and 307:
Box 6.7: Colombia’s 2010 Plan V i
Page 308 and 309:
Pakistan, the Philippines, and Sout
Page 310 and 311:
with family and friends as well as
Page 312 and 313:
open call for assistance, such as v
Page 314 and 315:
can be divided into three broad cat
Page 316 and 317:
those used in the 31 local versions
Page 318 and 319:
23. Ultimately, the subsidies were
Page 320 and 321:
Cooper, Brendan. 2010. “Giving Af
Page 322 and 323:
O’Reilly, Tim. 2005. “What Is W
Page 325 and 326:
CHAPTER 7Global Footprints: Stories
Page 327 and 328:
Box 7.1: The Eight Millennium Devel
Page 329 and 330:
Broadband Bottlenecks and Opportuni
Page 331 and 332:
Figure 7.3 Broadband Connections Re
Page 333 and 334:
Regional DevelopmentsThis section h
Page 335 and 336:
Box 7.3 continuedThis resulted in i
Page 337 and 338:
penetration. For example, in 2005,
Page 339 and 340:
households reported that they did n
Page 341 and 342:
on content, high cost of personal c
Page 343 and 344:
T able 7.1 Broadband Plans and Poli
Page 345 and 346:
Countrie s in Special Circumstances
Page 347 and 348:
impact in many SIDSs, and broadband
Page 349 and 350:
Fig ure 7.6 Broadband Country Summa
Page 351 and 352:
South Asia: Sri Lanka Sri Lanka was
Page 353 and 354:
has gone from relying on satellite
Page 355 and 356:
and providing broadband to all scho
Page 357 and 358:
Innovative business models have con
Page 359 and 360:
Germany (Tuan 2011). Wireline broad
Page 361 and 362:
13. See Pakistan Universal Service
Page 363 and 364:
———. 2010b. World Telecommuni
Page 365 and 366:
APPENDIX AWeblinks to NationalBroad
Page 367 and 368:
APP ENDIX BPolicies and Programs fo
Page 369 and 370:
Allocate andassignspectrumSupply:do
Page 371 and 372:
they are unsure of the returns on t
Page 373 and 374:
Create anenablingenvironmentfor int
Page 375 and 376:
ShooFeeTV. c The funding will be us
Page 377 and 378:
Expandaccess tounderservedcommuniti
Page 379 and 380:
INDEXAABI Research, 102, 118absorpt
Page 381 and 382:
Bolivia, 16borrowing for backbone n
Page 383 and 384:
local connectivity, 116-19, 229-38,
Page 385 and 386:
in Sri Lanka, 312, 319f7.6, 321t7.2
Page 387 and 388:
EUROSTAT, as source of statistics,
Page 389 and 390:
GPT. See general-purpose technology
Page 391 and 392:
and UAS, 168-69use of electrical wi
Page 393 and 394:
promoting of, 284-86, 289nn42-44and
Page 395 and 396:
mobile health services in, 17b1.3ne
Page 397 and 398:
adio frequency identification (RFID
Page 399 and 400:
in Bahrain, 80, 81f2.7, 240CDMA, 23
Page 401 and 402:
transparencyand accounting methods,
Page 403:
wireless access technologies, 229-3
Page 408:
The world is shifting from narrowba
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