broadband strategies handbook.pdf - Khazar University

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Regulatory Framework for Electronic Communications Networks and Services,2002/19/EC on Access to, and Interconnection of, Electronic CommunicationsNetworks and Associated Facilities, and 2002/20/EC on the Authorisation ofElectronic Communications Networks and Services.” Official Journal of theEuropean Union 61 (December 18). http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:337:0037:0069:EN:PDF.———. 2009c. “Directive 2009/114/EC of the European Parliament and of theCouncil Amending Council Directive 87/372/EEC on the Frequency Bands toBe Reserved for the Coordinated Introduction of Public Pan-European CellularDigital Land-Based Mobile Communications in the Community.” EU, Brussels,September 16. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:274:0025:0027:EN:PDF.France, ARCEP (Autorité de Régulation des Communications Électronique etdes Postes). 2003. “Consultation publique sur le renouvellement des autorisationsdes opérateurs GSM.” ARCEP, Paris, July 18. http://www.arcep.fr/index.php?id=2231&tx_gspublication_pi1[typo]=8&tx_gspublication_pi1[uidDocument]=72.———. 2004a. “Le communiqué de presse du Ministère de l’Économie, des Financeset de l’Industrie.” ARCEP, Paris, March 19. http://www.arcep.fr/index.php?id=8571&L=1&tx_gsactualite_pi1[uid]=2&tx_gsactualite_pi1[annee]=2004&tx_gsactualite_pi1[theme]=0&tx_gsactualite_pi1[motscle]=gsm&tx_gsactualite_pi1[backID]=2122&cHash=36545c20e5.———. 2004b. “Décision n° 04-150 de l’Autorité de Régulation des Télécommunicationsen date du 24 mars 2004 proposant au ministre chargé des télécommunicationsles conditions de renouvellement des autorisations GSM de la sociétéOrange France et de la SFR.” ARCEP, Paris, March. http://www.arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gsavis/04-150.pdf.———. 2010. “Neutralité de l’Internet et des réseaux: Propositions et orientations.”ARCEP, Paris, September 30. http://www.arcep.fr/uploads/tx_gspublication/net-neutralite-orientations-sept2010.pdf.France, Ministry of Culture and Communication. 2009. “LOI n° 2009-669 favorisantla diffusion et la protection de la création sur Internet.” Ministry of Cultureand Communication, Paris. http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/actualites/conferen/albanel/creainterenglish.pdf.France, Ministry of the Economy, Finance, and Industry. 2004. “Renouvellementdes licences de téléphonie mobile (GSM) des opérateurs Orange et Cégétel.”Ministry of Economy, Finance, and Industry, Paris, March 19. http://www.budget.gouv.fr/fonds_documentaire/archives/communiques/2004/c0403191.htm.Gercke, Marco, Tatiana Tropina, Christine Sund, and Youlia Lozanova. 2010. “TheRole of ICT Regulation in Addressing Offenses in Cyberspace.” GSR-10, ITU,Geneva, November. http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/Events/Seminars/GSR/GSR10/documents/GSR10-paper6.pdf.Giglio, Mike. 2011. “The Cyberactivists Who Helped Topple a Dictator.” Newsweek,January 15. http://www.newsweek.com/2011/01/15/tunisia-protests-thefacebook-revolution.html.150 Broadband Strategies Handbook
GSA (Global Mobile Suppliers Association). 2010. “Digital Dividend Update.” GSA,Sawbridgeworth, U.K., November 5. http://www.gsacom.com/gsm_3g/info_papers.php4.Guermazi, Boutheina, and Isabel Neto. 2005. “Mobile License Renewal: What Arethe Issues? What Is at Stake?” Policy Research Working Paper 3729, World Bank,Washington, DC, October. http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/IW3P/IB/2005/09/23/000016406_20050923113019/Rendered/PDF/wps3729.pdf.Hefflinger, Mark. 2008. “Survey: ISP Warning Would Stop 70% of U.K. File-Swappers.”Digital Media Wire, March 4. http://www.dmwmedia.com/news/2008/03/04/survey:-isp-warning-would-stop-70%25-u.k.-file-swappers.Hernandez, Janet, Daniel Leza, and Kari Ballot-Lena. 2010. “ICT Regulation in theDigital Economy.” GSR-10 Discussion Paper. International TelecommunicationUnion, Geneva, November. http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/Events/Seminars/GSR/GSR10/documents/GSR10-paper3.pdf.Industry Canada. 2011. “Renewal Process for Cellular and Personal CommunicationsServices (PCS) Spectrum Licences.” Industry Canada, Ottawa, March.http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/smt-gst.nsf/vwapj/dgso-002-11-pcs-e.pdf/$FILE/dgso-002-11-pcs-e.pdf.IDA (Info-communications Development Authority of Singapore). 2004. “AccountingSeparation Guidelines (Revised with Effect from 24 December 2004).” IDA,Mapletree Business City. http://www.ida.gov.sg/doc/Policies%20and%20Regulation/Policies_and_Regulation_Level1/Revised_ASG.pdf.———. 2008. “International Sharing: International Gateway Liberalization;Singapore’s Experience.” Paper prepared for the eighth Global Symposium forRegulators, Pattaya, Thailand, March 11–13. International TelecommunicationUnion, Geneva, February. http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/Events/Seminars/GSR/GSR08/discussion_papers/IntlSharing_Singapore_web1.pdf.———. 2011a. “Guidelines for Submission of Applications for Services-BasedOperator Licence.” IDA, Mapletree Business City, October 13. http://www.ida.gov.sg/doc/Policies%20and%20Regulation/Policies_and_Regulation_Level2/SBOLicence/SBOGuide.pdf.———. 2011b. “Guidelines on Submission of Application for Facilities-BasedOperator Licence.” IDA, Mapletree Business City, June 1. http://www.ida.gov.sg/doc/Policies%20and%20Regulation/Policies_and_Regulation_Level3/licensing/FBOGuidelines.pdf.ITU (International Telecommunication Union). 2004. “Trends in TelecommunicationsReform 2004–2005: Licensing in an Era of Convergence.” ITU, Geneva,December. http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/publications/Trends05_summary.pdf.ITU-D (International Telecommunication Union–Digital). 2009a. “Draft FinalReport on Question 10-2/1: Regulatory Trends for Adapting LicensingFrameworks to a Converged Environment.” Document 1/251-E, ITU-D, Geneva,July 21. http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/Events/Seminars/GSR/GSR09/doc/STudyGroup_draftreportQ10.pdf.Law and Regulation for a Broadband World 151
Page 1:
Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic
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BroadbandStrategiesHandbookEditorsT
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CONTENTSForewordAcknowledgmentsAbou
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Broadband Experiences in Selected C
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2.3 Addressing Bottlenecks in Broad
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5.2 DSL Connection Speeds, by Type
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asis for the ICT Regulation Toolkit
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Case studies were prepared to suppo
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ABBREVIATIONS2G3G3GPP4GACEADSLAPECA
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FDMAFICORAFIRSTFITELFRIENDSFTTxFUST
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MyICMSNBINBNNBPNBSNCCNGANGNNPVOBAOE
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VSATW-CDMAWDMWi-FiWiMAXWSISxDSLvery
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side) and the adoption of broadband
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CHAPTER 1Building BroadbandIn just
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demonstrate that broadband can enab
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While some may disagree on the prec
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Figure 1.2 Estimated Minimum and Ma
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Broadband, Employment, and Job Crea
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Broadband as a General-Purpose Tech
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allow businesses to move more rapid
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In addition, sophisticated services
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Box 1.3: Mobile Health Services in
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Countries around the world are prov
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Table 1.3 Wireless and Wireline Bro
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Box 1.4: User Trends That Promote D
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Under the ecosystem model (figure 1
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As discussed, broadband alone has l
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Box 1.5: Capacity to Absorb Technol
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5. Apple, “Staggering iPhone App
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Commission of the European Communit
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Ndahiro, Moses. 2010. “RDB Forgin
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CHAPTER 2Policy Approaches to Promo
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facilitate, and complement market d
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development for governments to focu
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Box 2.1: Public Sector’s Role in
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A good plan should aim to promote e
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Box 2.2: Broadband Strategies in Mi
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(for example, network build-out, sp
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through construction and adoption.
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Policy Approaches to Promoting Broa
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island developing states (SIDSs) 6
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In Europe, for example, where the i
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operations of a dominant provider,
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previously had no broadband access.
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Broadband applications and services
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provide service to profitable, high
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delivering fiber-based coverage at
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e good for the economy, but are unl
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planned economic stimulus packages.
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urban households by 2012. Under the
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Policy Approaches to Promoting Broa
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Figure 2.4 Categ ories of Broadband
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the EU and also provides a breakdow
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Figure 2.7 Avera ge Download Speed
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Table 2.6 Monthly Prices for Wireli
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may also argue that broadband is no
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19. “Average Broadband Speed Is S
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———. 2010. “Wireless Broadb
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its full potential is realized, a c
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or authorization, which thereby ena
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Figure 3.2 Example of Multiservice
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When considering adopting flexible-
Page 130 and 131: Spectrum trading (also known as “
Page 132 and 133: in 2003 on the renewal of GSM licen
Page 134: However, given the various timeline
Page 138 and 139: IP-Based Interco nnection: Wholesal
Page 140 and 141: arrangements (for example, BAK) or
Page 142 and 143: Regulating Bottl enecks in the Broa
Page 144 and 145: example, after conducting a review
Page 146 and 147: Particularly for rural and remote a
Page 148 and 149: lower cost structure in rural areas
Page 150 and 151: physical space in buildings), tower
Page 152 and 153: 2010, 494-95). In such cases, a dom
Page 154 and 155: separation is considered a last-res
Page 156 and 157: “best efforts” basis, deliverin
Page 158 and 159: Table 3.1 Status of Net Neutrality
Page 160 and 161: oadband requires a significant focu
Page 162 and 163: CybercrimeCybercrime can be broadly
Page 164 and 165: frameworks prepared to prevent, ide
Page 166 and 167: Privacy by Design“Privacy by desi
Page 168 and 169: of privacy laws. One example is the
Page 170 and 171: y providing alternative sources of
Page 172 and 173: works has become a major issue. IPR
Page 174 and 175: 8. Decree-Law no. 151-A/2000 (July
Page 176 and 177: €100,000 fine imposed in France i
Page 178 and 179: Benkler, Yochai. 2006. The Wealth o
Page 182 and 183: ———. 2009b. “Understanding
Page 184 and 185: United States, FTC (Federal Trade C
Page 186 and 187: public sector investment for privat
Page 188 and 189: in the European Commission’s 2010
Page 190 and 191: oadband deployment. In certain inst
Page 192 and 193: (for example, international gateway
Page 194 and 195: for developing and financing teleco
Page 196 and 197: Box 4.3: Broadband Development in R
Page 198 and 199: allowing operators to obtain additi
Page 200 and 201: It may be possible to reduce the co
Page 202 and 203: In the context of market-oriented e
Page 204 and 205: viable on their own, and to determi
Page 206 and 207: The supply side. The primary concer
Page 208 and 209: years, a local municipality or a no
Page 210 and 211: UASFs if the contributions and the
Page 212 and 213: B ox 4.5: Regional Communications I
Page 214 and 215: licensed operators, for example, ca
Page 216 and 217: Box 4.6: Reform of the USF in the U
Page 218 and 219: through the use of UASFs, PPPs, or
Page 220 and 221: 14. ITU, “ITU Statshot,” Januar
Page 222 and 223: Dymond, Andrew. 2010. “Universal
Page 224 and 225: Wellenius, Björn, Vivien Foster, a
Page 226 and 227: effectively and efficiently. This h
Page 228 and 229: attractive to leverage existing net
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incumbent operators around the worl
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capital in the short run. Carriers
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provide a point-to-point or point-t
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and regional fiber backbones may no
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of smaller ISPs. For example, in or
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fiber optic cable capacity services
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F igure 5.5 Backbone Networks in Bo
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Table 5.1Optimum Choice of Backbone
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With a Layer 3 IXP, traffic is exch
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networks running along grids or rai
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220Figure 5.7 Metro Fiber Ringcarri
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Figure 5.8 Number of Broadband Subs
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challenges by extending distances a
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Internet access provides download s
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Table 5.3 FTTP Acce ss ProtocolsAcc
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(120 kbit/s, according to the GSMA)
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Table 5.4 EV-DO Peak an d Average S
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High-Speed Packet Access refers to
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go beyond those of IMT-2000” (Blu
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• Relief for congested mobile net
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has to purchase additional download
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14. Internet Service Providers’ A
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ReferencesAustralia, Department of
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Marks, Roger. 2010. “IEEE 802.16
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justify those investments. Demand-s
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Figure 6.2 Elements of Digital Lite
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overall educational background of a
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Broadband can also improve digital
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Box 6.2: Measur ing Digital Literac
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oadband needs within the context of
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Commerce, illustrate the importance
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Box 6.4: Device Price TrendsNew com
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Box 6.5: Promoting Dig ital Literac
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Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evoluti
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Shared or Community AccessIn additi
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Within the broadband ecosystem, the
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Others have developed more extensiv
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high-bandwidth networks, online int
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Box 6.7: Colombia’s 2010 Plan V i
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Pakistan, the Philippines, and Sout
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with family and friends as well as
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open call for assistance, such as v
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can be divided into three broad cat
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those used in the 31 local versions
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23. Ultimately, the subsidies were
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Cooper, Brendan. 2010. “Giving Af
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O’Reilly, Tim. 2005. “What Is W
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CHAPTER 7Global Footprints: Stories
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Box 7.1: The Eight Millennium Devel
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Broadband Bottlenecks and Opportuni
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Figure 7.3 Broadband Connections Re
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Regional DevelopmentsThis section h
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Box 7.3 continuedThis resulted in i
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penetration. For example, in 2005,
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households reported that they did n
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on content, high cost of personal c
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T able 7.1 Broadband Plans and Poli
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Countrie s in Special Circumstances
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impact in many SIDSs, and broadband
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Fig ure 7.6 Broadband Country Summa
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South Asia: Sri Lanka Sri Lanka was
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has gone from relying on satellite
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and providing broadband to all scho
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Innovative business models have con
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Germany (Tuan 2011). Wireline broad
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13. See Pakistan Universal Service
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———. 2010b. World Telecommuni
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APPENDIX AWeblinks to NationalBroad
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APP ENDIX BPolicies and Programs fo
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Allocate andassignspectrumSupply:do
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they are unsure of the returns on t
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Create anenablingenvironmentfor int
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ShooFeeTV. c The funding will be us
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Expandaccess tounderservedcommuniti
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INDEXAABI Research, 102, 118absorpt
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Bolivia, 16borrowing for backbone n
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local connectivity, 116-19, 229-38,
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in Sri Lanka, 312, 319f7.6, 321t7.2
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EUROSTAT, as source of statistics,
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GPT. See general-purpose technology
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and UAS, 168-69use of electrical wi
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promoting of, 284-86, 289nn42-44and
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mobile health services in, 17b1.3ne
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adio frequency identification (RFID
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in Bahrain, 80, 81f2.7, 240CDMA, 23
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transparencyand accounting methods,
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wireless access technologies, 229-3
Page 408:
The world is shifting from narrowba
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