Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics, 1983 - Bureau of Justice ...

"Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics 1983Tabla 1.77 Statutory provIsions authorizing blood alcohol concentration tests for personssuspected of driving while intoxicoted, and sanctions for refusal to take such tests, byjurisdictionf\OTE: These data were collected through a review of the stotutory provisions of the 50 States, theDistrict of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Statutes are current as of mid-1982, the time at whichthe latest State Code Supplements were available. The blood alcohol concentration level ofpersons suspected of driving while intoxicated is generally determined through the administrationof either preliminary breath tests or chemical blood, breath, or urine tests. ''Preliminary breathtests" are administered at the site of a traffic stop and arf~ used for screening purposes Indetermining the need to arrest and the need to conduct further ~Iood alcohol concentration tests."Chemical tests," authorized under "implied consent lows," are typically administered after arrest(see table for exceptions) and are used to obtain admissible evidence of intoxication (U.S.Depgrtment of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Alcohol andHi hwa Safet Lows: A Notional Overview 1981 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government PrintingOffice, 98 ,pp. , ,9. "Implied consent aws" provide that "any person who operates a motorvehicle upon a public highway is deemed to have given consent to a chemical test or tests of hisor her blood, breath, or urine for the purpose of determining the blood alcoholic content" (U.S.Deportment of Transportation, Notional Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Alcohol andHi hwa 5afet Lows: A Notional Overview 1981 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printingo ice, Il, p. 9. "Crimina sanctions" refer to fines and/or jail sentences whereas"administrative licensing action" refers to suspension or revocation of license.In the table, a "5" indicates that such a provision is provided expressly by statute. Statutesshould be consulted for the full text and meaning of specific provisions.JurisdictionAlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict ofColumbiaFloridaStatutoryauthorizationSPreliminary breath testImpliedSonctions for refusalto submit topreliminar~reath testA inlstrative Arrestlicensing requiredCriminal action for consentYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNlYesYesconsent chemical testSonctions for refusalto take impliedconsent chemical testAdlTunistrafivelicensingCriminalSactionSSSS55555SIIiII~Characteristics of the Criminal Justice SystemsTable 1.77 Statutory prilvisions autho iz' bl dSuspected of driving while intoxica~e(i"~nd 00 a1: ohol f concentration tests for personsjurisdicfion--Continued ,sanc Ions or refusal to take such tests, byJurisdictionNew JerseyNew MexicoNew Yorkf\brth Carolinaf\brth DakotaOhioOclahomaOregonPennsylvaniaPuerto RicoRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsi.'WYomingStatutoryauthorizationSSSS5S55Preliminary breath testSanctions for refusalto submit topreliminary breath testAdministrativeCriminal5licenSingactionablmplled.c.~lmlted to drivers involved in accidents.U1clear, Individual may be subject to penalties.SArrestrequiredfor consentYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNJYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNlYesYesYesYesYesImplied consent chemical testSonctions for refusalto take impliedconsent chemical testAdministrativelicensingCriminal actionSS5SSSSSSSSSS555SSS55SSSSS5S5GeorgiaHawaiiIdahoIllinoisIndianaSYesYesYesYesYes55SS5IowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineSYesYesYesYesNlS5S55MarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiSSSSSYesYesYesNlYesSSSS55MissouriMontanoNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireSSYesYesYesYesYesS555S5SSee footnote at end of table.