Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics, 1983 - Bureau of Justice ...

Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics 198:>.. -Nation, report on the estimated number andrate of personal and household victimizations.These data are supplemented by a varietyof data derived from self-report surveys ondrug and alcohol use, and other illegalactivities that are reported by severalorganizations. Agencies with specialized lawenforcement functions, such as the Securitiesand Exchange Commission, Postal InspectionService, Drug Enforcement Administration,Secret Service, and others collect limitedstatistical information on case processing andagency activities. In addition, privateorganizations such as the Association ofAmerican Railroads, American HumaneAssociation, and National Education Associationpublish data on various forms of illegal activityrelated to their organizational purposes.Information on personnel andexpenditures for the criminal justice system isfound in a variet)1 of sources. Governmentpubl ications, such as the Budget of theUnited States Government and agency annualreports, provide data on expenditures forcriminal justice-related activities. The Bureauof Justice Statistics' publication, JusticeExpenditure and Employment Data in theU.S., compiles data on criminal justice agencypersonnel, payroll, and expenditure. Variousspecial surveys, such as the Census of StateCorrectional Facilities, contain informationon personnel, source of funding, andexpenditures for these segments of the criminaljustice system. These sources are augmentedby surveys conducted by the i\JOtional Centerfor State Courts, the National Counc i I onCrime and Delinquency, the AmericanCorrectional Association, the National Sheriff'sAssociation, and other groups.Data on clearance and arrest rates arereported primarily in the FBI's Crime in theUnited States. In addition, agencies such asthe Drug Enforcement Administration,Immigration and Naturalization Service, andothers collect data on clearances and arrestsin cases under their jurisdiction.Court-related data for the Federalsystem come from the Administrative Office ofthe U.S. Courts and the Federal Prison System.Although no uniform standardized courtrepor1ing system (comparable to the UniformCrime Reporting Program) currently exists atthe State level, the Bureau of JusticeStatistics' publication, State Court CaseloadStatistics, contains State-by-State informationrelating to the activities of State courts.Data on probation systems are providedby the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courtsand the National Probation Reports programivof the National Council on Crime andDelinquency. Information on persons incorrectional institutions is found in a number ofsources, including the Prisoners in State andFederal Institutions series publ ished by theBureau of Justice Statistics. Information onFederal prisoners is available in the annualStatistical Report of the Federal PrisonSystem. In addition to these sources, data onprison populations and characteristics ofcorrectional facilities and inmates are providedby surveys conducted by the AmericanCorrectional Association and numerous privateresearch groups and individual researchers.Detailed information on inmates executed andon death row is published annually by the U.S •Department of Justice, Bureau of JusticeStatistics series on Capital Punishmf,mt.Statistics on parole services arecollected and reported by the Unifc)rm ParoleReports program of the National Council onCrime and Delinquency, and by the AmericanCorrectional Association, and the U.S. ParoleCommissi on. Discharges from State andFederal correctional facilities are reported inthe Prisoners in State and FederalInstitutions series issued by the Bureau ofJustice Statistics.In the juvenile ju~ !:ice system, data onoffenses and on j uven i I es taken into custodyare reported by the Federal Bureau ofInvestigation's Crime in the United States.Data on the volume of cases disposed of byjuvenile courts are provided in Delinquency1980 by the National Center for Juven i IeJustice.Juvenile correctional data are providedby a number of sources. The Children inCustody series issued by the Office of JuvenileJustice and Delinquency Prevention of the U.S.Department of Justice reports data on thenumber of juveniles held in public and privatejuvenile correctional facilities. Data on theestimated number of juveniles confined in localjails are reported in the Survey of JailI nmates, published by the U.S. Department ofJustice. To date there is no nationwidereporting system that collects data on parole("aftercare") outcome for juveniles.Information regarding public opinion oncriminal justice issues is obtained from avariety of groups such as The Gallup Poll, LouisHarris and Associates, the National OpinionResearch Center, the ABC-W\Jshington PostPoll, and the N3C News/Associated Press Pollas well as a variety of governmental agenciesand conmissions. Topics examined in theseopinion surveys include fear of crime andvictimization, public attitudes about crime andIII'~!II· 1Prefaceits ca~ses, the performance of law enforcementage,ncles and the U.S. Supreme Court, capitalJustice data are (a) lacking in a number ofpunlshn:ent, and gun ownership and gun control.Important areas; (b) uneven in terms of qualityFigures A and B provide theand comprehensiveness; and, (c) not uniformlyS0l!RC~~OOK uS,er, with an idea of theco!lected at the Federal, State, and localavaJla?Jllty of criminal justice data from a !evels o~ government. For more deta i ledsystemic perspective. In Figure A, the flowchart~rl~inally published by the President'sI~formatlon on the contents of the sourcesdiscussed above and on criminal justice dataCon:m,lsslo!", on Law Enforcement andSources generally, readers are advised toAdministration of Justice in 1967 has beenconsult the Annotated List of Sources andReferences in this volume.adapted to indicate where data are avai lableand where gaps exist. In this figure, asterisksOrganization of the SOlRCEBOO