Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics, 1983 - Bureau of Justice ...

---~--------~--~------Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics 1983Not known--Any inmate whose race is unknown.Ethnic originHispanic--A person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central orSouth American or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.Not Hispanic--A person not covered by' the above category.Not known--Any inmate whose race is unknown.Explanatory notes for StatesDiffering legal and administrative requirements as well as diverserecordkeeping practices omong jurisdictions hamper efforts to collectuniform nationwide data on the number and movement of inmates inState and Federal correctional institutions. NJt 01/ jurisdic£ions oreable to provide information that meets I\PS definitions. For some, thediscrepancies between reported data and the criteria are mInor, but inothers these discrepancies are more serious and, overall, serve to limitthe comparability of data omon!;) jurisdictions. Limitotions in Stotedata, of course, corry over into regional and nationol figures, which, asa consequence, should be viewed as providing on order of generalmagnitude rather than precise totals.The notes that follow identify deviations from the categorydefinitions used in the 19!11 questionnaire, provide details on thecontent of "other" admission and release categories, and specifyrevisions to data that should be token into account when comparing19!10 and 198 I figures. State inmates housed in local jails because fJfovercrowding are generally considered to be under State jurisdictir..n.Exception~ to this rule are noted below. Some States included onadjustment residual in their admission or release figure in order tobalance the yearend 1980 count with the yearend 1981 count.Alabama--Yearend jurisdiction counts for 19!10 are revised fromthose reported in the 1980 publication. Differences be. tweenjurisdiction and custody counts for 19!11 are due to persons hoJused inlocal jails. New court commitments: Includes some split sentenceviolators and SOme parole violators with new sentenc~;s. Otheradmissions: Type not specified and on adjustment residual. Otherunconditional releases: Unconditional court-ordered rel',ases. Otherreleases: Type not specified and adjustment residual.Alaska--AII data include both jail and prison inm'.Ites, as prisonsand jails form on integrated system. Admission and fE~lease figures areestimates based on 19!10 data. Differences betwe6n jurisdiction andcustody counts for 1981 are due to the large proportion of Stateinmates held in Federal prisons. Parole violatoff; with new sentence:Includes parole violators with no new sentences and other conditionalrelease violators with and without new sentences. Other admissions:Adjustment residual. Supervised mandatory releases: Includes some(fewer than 5 percent) expirations of sentence and releases toprobation of inmates serving a split sentence. The remainder aresupervised releases, many of which convert to probation shortly afterdischarge. Hispanic origin: Alaska cannot determine the ethnlcity of itspapUlation.Arizona--Differences between jurisdiction and custody counts for1981 are due to inmates housed in other States or in Federal prisons.Other conditional releases: Work furloughs. Other deaths: Vehicleaccidents. Other releases: Adjustment residual.Arkansas--Yearend jurisdiction counts for 1980 are revised fromthose reported in the 1980 publication. The breakdown of thejurisdiction and custody papUlation by sentence lengths are estimates.Admissi ons and release data include inmates sentenced to less than Iyear. Parole violations, no new sentence: Includes parole violatorswith new sentences. Figures for suicides, race, and hispanic origin areestimates.California--Yearend female jUrisdiction counts for 1980 arerevised from those reported in the 1980 publication. Otherunconditional releases: Court-ordered releases. Transfers to otherjurisdictions: Includes the net difference between transfers from and tojails, hospitals, and other States. Other releases: Includes the netdifference between returns from and releases to court. Hispanic origin:Figures for Hispanics includes Mexicans only; other Hispanics areincluded in the figure for non-Hispanics.Colorado--Yearend jurisdiction counts for 1980 are revised fromthose reparted in the 1980 publication. Other conditional releases:Unconditional court-ordered releases. Race: Figures are estimates.Hispanic origin: Figures are estimates.Connecticut-_AII data include both jail and prison Inmates, asprisons and jails form on integrated system. Yearend jurisdIctioncounts for 1980 are revised from those reported in the 1980publication. Custody counts are estimates. Persons in halfway housesand on re-entry furlough due to overcrowding account for thedifferences between jurisdiction and custody counts. ExpiratIon ofsentence: Includes some releases to probation. Other conditionalreleases: Persons released to group homes.Delaware--AII data include both jail and prison inmates, asprisons and jails form on integrated system. Persons receiving a spll tsentence of more than I year, port to be served in prison ond theremainder on probation, are excluded from the mavement data unlessthe prison portion of the sentence exceeded I year, a practiceresulting in on understating of movement transactions. Differencesbetween jurisdiction and custody counts for 1981 are due to State672inmates held in other State and Federal institutions. New courtcommitments: Includes probation violators. Other unconditionalreleases.: Unconditional Court-ordered releases. Supervised mandatoryrelease:s: Includes persons released on probation. Escapes: Includesescape:s from supervised custody. Race: Breakdown based onpercentages. Hispanic origin: Delaware cannot determine the ethnicityof its populatIon.District of Columbia--The District of Columbia hod onIntegrated jail and prIson system. Data Include unsentenced inmatesand those with sentences of I year or less, with the exception of thosehoUiJed in the DIstrict of Columbia Jailor Detention Center. Personsreceiving a split sentence of more than I year, port to be served Inprison and the remainder on probation, were excluded from movementdrjta unless the prison portion of the sentence exceeded I year, onanisslon resulting in on understating of such transactions. Paroleviolators with and without new sentences and other conditional releaseviolators with and without new sentences: The total number ofviolators is accurate, but the breakdown by type is estimated from1980 figures. Transfers to and from other jurisdictions: Transfers toand from mental hospitals and Federal facilities. Escapees and AWOLsreturned: May include some sentenced to I year or less. EXpirationsof sentence: Includes supervised mandatory releases with fewer than180 days remaining on their sentences. Such person are not consideredto be subject to the conditions normally attached to this type ofrelease. SupervIsed mandatory releases: Includes only those supervIsedmandatory releases with 180 days or more remaining on theirsentences. Race: Estimates based on 1980 data. Hispanic origin: TheDistrict of Columbia cannot distinguish the ethnic composition of ItspopUlation.Florlda--Persons housed In local Jails account for the differencesbetween jUrisdiction and custody counts.Georgia--Yearend jUrisdIctIon counts for 1980 are revised fromthose reported in the 1980 publication. Parole vIolators returned withnew sentences: Includes parole and other conditional release violatorsreturned with and without new sentences. Other admissions: Type notspecified. Transfers to other jurisdictions: Transfers to other States toserve time on sentences in other States. Hispanic origin: Georgiacannot determine the ethnicity of its popUlation.Hawaii--Data Include both jail and prison inmates, as prisons andjails form an integrated system. Jurisdiction and custody figures areestimates believed to be within 5 percent of actual counts. Differencesbetween jurisdiction and custody counts are due to inmates in thecustody of the Federal prisons. Probation: Inmate whose sentences werere-evaluated withIn 60 days of commitment and modified to probation.Idaho--Custody figures are believed to be within 5 percent ofthe actual count. The male/femole breakdown of admission and releasefigures are estimates based on 1980 data. Differences betweenjurisdiction and custody counts are due to inmates held in other Stateand Federal institutions. Other acmisslons: Court orders and returnsfrom agreement on detainers. Other unconditional re leases: Releasesbecause of acquittal or dismissal of sentence. Other releases: Releasesto agreement on detainer. Unsentenced inmates (custod>, count): Civilcommitments held for psychologicql testing and evaluation. Race:Estimates based on 1980 data. Hisponic origin: Estimates based on1980 data.IlIinois--Admlssiol' and release counts include persons sentencedto I year or less. Differences between jurisdiction and custody countsare due to Inmates housed in other States or In Federal facilities andinmates out to court. Parole violators, no new sentence: Personspreviously reported in this category are now being reported as otherconditional release violators dve to a new supervised mandatory releaseprogram in effect in 198 I" Other conditional release violators, no newsentences: Includes mostly supervised mandatory release violators.Other admissions: Includes work release vIolators. Other releases:Transfers to community correctional centers.Indiana--Data on race, HIspanic origin, ond probations areestimates. Other conditional release vIolators with new sentences:Includes parole, probation as port of a split sentence, and probationviolators with or without new sentences. Other unconditional releases~Releases of persons with Indeterminate sentences wIthout post-releasesupervisIon. Other conditional releases: Releases to RegulatedCommunity Assignment in the community. Persons released in thismanner retain inmate status and report to a parole officer weekly.They are released to parole status in 90 dtlys unless there areInfractions, in which case they are returned to the institutions.10'Ca--Data for 1980 are revised from those reported In the 1980publication. All population and movement data for 198 I are custodyfigures. Male/female counts of admissions and releases are estimatesbased on 1980 data. Admission and release figures contain onestImated 137 admissions and 154 releases with sentences of less than Iyear. Maleifemale ratios of the racial and ethnic composition areestimated. Escopees and AWOLs returned: Includes escapes only, notAWOLs. Ese(lpes and AWOLs: Includes escapes only, not AWOLs.Kansa$--Probation: Includes fewer than 50 inmates released tocourt.Kentucky __ Yearend Counts for 1980 are revised from thosereported in the 1980 publication. Custody figures Include 104 inmatesheld in local jails to relieve overcrowding. Probation: All probationreleases are shock probation.Lou!siana--Dlfferences between jurIsdiction and custody countsAppendicesII des some commutations (fewer than 10 percent).~~ieta~~~et~ anp~~al or bond: Ur1co~ditlonal c~urt-ordered [*;Ijases. h~~contain some overturned convictions for which no new no was" h ". cam rised of Inmates whose race was not known.Race: NOt th r DI~kot:"-Differences between jurisdiction and custodyor d F deral risoners and prisoners from other StateshO¥dt\a~rthe ci~ko~a insti~Utions. Other conditional rele~s*;s: C:0~rto~der~dreleases. Race: Figures are estimates. HispanIc onglO: FlgLresare eg~~~:~ifferences between jurisdiction a~d cust?dy counts arddue to Inmates living in halfway houses, relOtegr~~lonSt~~~te:~ta~~sthose incarcerated ol't~ide th*;t S~~\~,. ~~~,~~~s ws~C;: "o~her conditionaljurisdiction. New cour comml III'" T nsfers from and to otherrelease violators with new se~tences. d /0 mental hospitals. OtherL~~~~:~~~~i;r~~d;d~~£}~~~~nf~r~~~~~t~~}~r~~~~~'le ?~;I~~g:~di~~~~:~~g~~:se~'re ~s~imates. Hispanic orIgIn: Based on custody popule-tlononly. f' . I h -~Yearend jurisdictIon counts for 1~80 are revised from'- a om to d 'n the 1980 publication.Differences betweenthose rep.or e I h Id in hospitals andjurisdiction and cus~od~ ~?~~'~n a~~u~~: !~crud!0~9 ~ale and IS femaleinmates halfway on houses. escape. uOrtlhSerl aldmissions' .' Sentenced offenders held incountbj~~~n~~ ~:~~:~~ j~~rsill~~.~~ngiountsfor 1980 are revised fromthose reported in. the ~~~2n~u.~':~~~on~n counts for 1980 are revisedPennsYlva~I~-~Y the 19JO publication. Other admissions: Inmatesfrom. those reporth 10 uthorities. Other releases: Inmate~ rel:ase~ .toroetch:l;e~u:h:1tfes e~nd administrative final discharges. H,lstpa, OIC onglO:. I th thnicity of its popu a on.Penns~~~~~ ~~I~~~-~~r~a~~ inc~ude both jail and prison in~t*;s, asprisons and jails form on integrated system. Person~ b:c:~;~;Jl i~partially suspended se~tednce of moreb~~~~ I ~:~~ ~~;'~ded from the~~~~~ean~d d~~~, ru~Ie~~n th~ .;r1s~~op~~i~n:d~:~:a~7g~en~~ ~x::::~n~year, a~1 omlssb~he~e:~i~ls7;ns:nOne male paroled illegally, who was:~~~:nae~ tonsprlson to complete his sentence. Other releases: CourtovertU;~~~hs~~~~f~a--Differences between j ur !sd ilct i o,n . a~ld c us~~~~d' t to persons housed oca Jal s t a~~~r~:~wd~~9. U~ther P~~conditional release.s: In~~~:~id~~lon~\!~~f~co~~t-o~~~~hd ~~~~~~~s'ca~~~:rd~~!~:~~ ~~u::::City of its ~pulatio~,on91OSouth Dakota--Differences in jurisdict!on and hUi~o .Y ~ou~~are due to out-of-State inmates and Federal pnsoners e In 0Dakodt~u~n~esps~~;_p~ffpe~~~~~~ ~~~se:g i~ri,s~~~~ij~i~~d ~~:~f:yvi~fa~~~~are e In I . I t rs with new sentences.~;~~~u~gd~i~~~:~~I;~~e ~~t~~~s J£~yX:~~~ ::,~~~:~~su~:~~1~fo~~:cases returnedd ta, Prison' Other conditional releases: Includes jail casescourt-ordere re eases. . Oth d ths' Drugrele~sed toojt~~~ ~:~e~~se~:o~dj~~~:eOn~d~~~idual. e~i.s~~nic· origin:overuoses. h . It f't populationTenne~see c~~~~t J;t~r;;;~ecJ~t~d~ fi~~r:s,o as l jSUriSdi~tion ~oun!s wereexas d th dltional release Violators With newnot provided. Parole on 0 er con her conditional release violatorssentences: Incl~des parOihe~nu~c~~ditional releases: Unconditionalwithout new s~n eices·s Other conditional releases: ConditionalcouJt-or~;:r Je~th~~eC~use not known. Other r*;'eases: Adjus.tment~;'d~~~: H;~'PQnlc origin: Figure is estimated at 22 percent of InmatepoPul~~~h __ Dlfferences between jurisd~ct~~e~~~ f~~til~;;e~~ungt~~~due to inmates housed In other State on B d of Pardonsuncon~'!~=~[:~~ie~ai~'~~I~~oen b~thej~etl~~n~ prl~~n in.m~tes, ~sprisons OJld jail~ form on tin~~g~~~~~tli~t~~~i r:rf~:e~; U~~~~d~~io~~~releases adre ~tlmlt~~'es 0 hOther conditional releases: Includes courtcourt-orere re e. 'th release to a special probationsupervIsion. orderc:d. ameRndaceed. • FS~19n~::sc~~e :~tlmates. Hispanic origin: Figures areestim~fs •. '0 Differences between jUrisdiction and custody countsrglOl r;ns held in local jails and those held in other States.Tr~n~~:rst~r: ot~er jUrisdi~!i~~~~ ~n~~~~~~ct:~n¥~~~e~~~ d~~~r f;:~~~~who may be stor,hn g or ~~n ~nand new court commitments understated,category may e overs ate ified Other unconditional releases:Other admissions types no spec • vernor Other deaths. Couse notCondltioroal pardons gra~tTed by ~~es Gopecified •• Hispanic origi~: Virginiaknown. Othe" releases. ype n I .has not identified the eth~'cit~ dfc!I~ni~J~t~Of~r aV~80 are revised~shingto~-d~~a~h~ I~;~s p~blicatlon. Other admissions: Returnsfrom t se repor e Ignment t.; mental hospitals or other States. Otherfrom temporary ass d b th Governor Otherunconditional releases: Full pardon~ gra~t~ 6the~ races: I'ncludesreleases: Releases to temporary asslgnm n •