Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics, 1983 - Bureau of Justice ...

------------ - -APPENDIX 14APPENDIX 13Discipline, Order and Student Behavior in American High Schools-­Survey methodology and definitions of terms!\oTE: The following information was excerpted from U.S. Deportment of Education, Notional Centerfor Education Statistics, Discipline, Order and Student Behavior in American High Schools(Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1982), pp. xiii-xiv, II, 12, Appendix A.The data and analyses presented in this report are from the first(1980) wove of the Notional Center for Education Statistics study, HighSchool and Beyond, a longitudinal study of U.S. high school seniors andsophomores. This study was conducted for the Notional Center forEducation Statistics by the Notional Opinion Research Center at theUniversity of Chicago.Survey methodologyThe sample was a two-stage stratified probability sample withschools within a stratum drown with a probability proportional to theirsize. Once a school was selected, up to 36 sophomores and 36 seniorswere drawn randomly from the students enrolled in each selectedschool.Several special strata were included in the sample design.Schools in these special strata were selected with probabilities higherthan those for schools in regular strata to allow for special study ofcertain types of schools or students. The following kinds of schoolswere oversampled: public schools with high proportions of Hispanic(Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Mexican) students; Catholic schools withhigh proportions of minority group students; public alfernative schools;private schools with high proportions of Notional Merit Scholarshipfinalists. Substitutions were mode for noncooperating schools in thosestrata where it was possible. Out of 1,122 possible schools, students at1,015 schools and school administrators from 988 schools filled outquestionnaires.In many schools the actual number of seniors and sophomores wasless than the target number for several reasons. First, in some schoolsfewer than 36 sophomores or 36 seniors were enrolled. This reducedthe number of eligible students from 73,O!J0 (72 students in each of1,015 schools) to 70,704. Second, 8,278 students were absent on thesurvey dote. Third, 1,982 students, or in some cases their parents,declined to po,ticipate, exercising their right in a voluntary survey.Substi tutions were not mode for noncooperating students. Finally,2,174 cases were deleted because they contained only very incampleteinformation. Thus, the main student sample consists of 30,030sophomores and 28,240 seniors. This represents a completion rate of 82percent: 58,270 out of the 70,704 eligible students. This report, likeothers in this series, is based on a slightly larger number (30,263sophomores and 2!J,465 seniors), since the twins of some sampledstudents were included in the original data files.Weights were calculated to reflect differential probabilities ofsample selection and to adjust for non-response. Using appropriateweights yields estimotes for high school sophomores and seniors in theUnited Sta.~s and separate estimotes for schools or students classifiedin various ways, such as by geographical region or school type.The use of weighted frequencies in the computation of the tablesof the report has implications for the interpretation of table entries.660Weighted and unweighted frequencies cannot be used interchangeably.Thus, for exarns on the nonmedical use of psychotherapeutics. These formsWeTe filled out by the respondent while the interviewer read thequestions aloud. On certain later answer sheets, interviewers usedtheir judgment on whether or not to offer respondents the option ofreading silently and filling the sheets out entirely on their own.Definitions of termsAlcohol-1982: beer, _wine, and liquor, like whiskey or gin. 1979:beer, wine, and whiskey, gin, other hard liquors. 1977, 1976, and 1974:beer, wine, whiskey, or anything else to drink with alcohol in it. 1972:beer, wine, hard liquor like cocktails or highballs, or on the rocks, orstraight shots. Note: the responses to the 1979 and 1982 alcoholquestions were marked on a private answer sheet rather than beingspoken to the interviewer as in 1977, 1976, 1974, and 1972.Analgesics-1982: painkilling pills thaI are usually avaiiable onlywith a Q9ct9r's prescription. 19791 pills ysed megjcqlly to relieve pain.Analgesics are divided into four subgroups: propoxyphene, otheranalgesics, methadone, and agonist/antagonist. Note. see definition for"Nonmedical experience with psychotherapeutic drugs."Current drinker-1982, 1979, 1977, 1'i76, and 1974: drank in postmonth. 1972: drank in post 7 days. Note: the response to the 1982and 1979 alcohol questions were marked on a private answer sheetrather than being spoken to the interviewer as in 1977, 1976, 1974 and1972.Current srnoker-1982, 1977, 1976, and 1974: smoked within postmonth. 1')79: smoked in past 30 days, and has smoked as many as fivepocks of cigarettes during lifetime. 1971 and 1971: smoke at the"present time."Current user of drugs-1979, 1977 and 1976: has used within thepast month. 1974: has used within the post month, and indicatesintention to use again. In practice, intention to use was dropped incomputation because virtually all past month users indicated intent touse again. 1972 and 1971: marihuana--self-designated current userswho report usage "once a month or less" as well as those users whoreport frequent usage; other drugs, has used within post manth.HolJucinagens-1982 and 1979. LSD and other hallucinogens suchas PCP or phencyclidine, mescaline, peyote, psilocybin, DMT. 1977and 1976: LSD and other hallucinogens like mescaline, peyote,psilocybin, and DMT. 1974: LSD or other hallucinogens. 1972: LSD orsomething like it, such as mescaline, psilocybin, MSA, STP.Inhalants-1979: I) gasoline or lighter flUid; 2) spray points; 3)other aerosol sprays (PAM or deodorants); 4) shoe shine, glUe, ortoluene; 5) lacquer thinner, or other point solvents; 6) amyl nitrate,'poppers'; 7) halothane, ether, a'· other anesthetics; 8) nitrous oxide,whippets; 9) locker room od"rizersj I 0) other substances used as