Untitled - OUDL Home

More documents

Recommendations

Info

PUGACHOV, 1730 c.-1775From a contemporary engravingPATRIARCH NIKON, 1605-81From a Book of Dignities, 1672[To face page 170
ST DMITRI, VLADIMIR, 1193-97(a)DYAKOVO CHURCH KOLOMENSKOE CHURCHBoth near Moscow. About 1530[Cambridge University Press[To face page 171
Page 2:
UNIVERSALLIBRARYOU_214617UNIVERSALL
Page 8 and 9:
SURVEYOFRUSSIAN HISTORYbyB. H. SUMN
Page 10 and 11:
CHAPTERI. THE FRONTIERCONTENTS1. TY
Page 12:
MAPS1. THE U.S.S.R. (WESTERN PORTIO
Page 15 and 16:
Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and
Page 18:
MAP IU.S.S.R. (WESTERN PORTION)West
Page 21 and 22:
half-Russian), the Transcaucasian r
Page 23 and 24:
honey, and wax provided essentials
Page 25 and 26:
called podzol soils, grey sands and
Page 27 and 28:
(I)ST JOHN THE BAPTIST, YAROSLAVL,
Page 30 and 31:
movement of game and fur-bearing an
Page 32 and 33:
By the sixteenth century the scatte
Page 34 and 35:
other natural conditions made agric
Page 36 and 37:
population were relatively free pea
Page 38 and 39:
similar, and for centuries they had
Page 40:
merchant-adventurers and sea-captai
Page 43 and 44:
Byzantium or eastward into the step
Page 45 and 46:
and external struggles, especially
Page 47 and 48:
and opened the vista of the Volga a
Page 49 and 50:
social conditions in Poland fomente
Page 51 and 52:
followed slowly by the plough, into
Page 53 and 54:
frontier region was less all-pervad
Page 55 and 56:
For long a certain degree of mobili
Page 57 and 58:
gone down river far away south into
Page 59 and 60:
elected but appointed by the war mi
Page 61 and 62:
Cossacks, 'men of service' settled
Page 63 and 64:
sites. Some settled in the old Sibe
Page 65 and 66:
(I)PETER THE GREAT, 1672-1725From t
Page 67 and 68:
contrary it is necessary that there
Page 69 and 70:
(according to the old Russian calen
Page 71 and 72:
even a member of it after 1923. He
Page 73 and 74:
headed first by the moderate libera
Page 75 and 76:
words, "the regime of the dictators
Page 77 and 78:
"the Supreme, Autocratic power belo
Page 79 and 80:
was spoken of as a dress rehearsal.
Page 81 and 82:
The bureaucracy meant the governmen
Page 83 and 84:
the army in decomposition, there wa
Page 85 and 86:
odies, the provincial and municipal
Page 87 and 88:
functions and together with the pol
Page 89 and 90:
Muscovy as the patrimony of the tsa
Page 91 and 92:
his eldest son or, failing sons, to
Page 93 and 94:
and then killed, as being the rally
Page 95 and 96:
officers, but they were educated th
Page 97 and 98:
The Byzantine inheritance is more d
Page 99 and 100:
the necessity for unfettered autocr
Page 101 and 102:
manorial administration of the prin
Page 103 and 104:
the first concern of tsarism and in
Page 105 and 106:
Ivan was a man who did not take ris
Page 107 and 108:
extinguished, largely because after
Page 109 and 110:
een broken down during the two prev
Page 111 and 112:
Similarly, the council of magnates
Page 113 and 114:
portion of his own handiwork in fra
Page 115 and 116:
On the other hand, they could not u
Page 117 and 118:
eigned 1801-25) was part of his gen
Page 119 and 120:
particularly their generals-adjutan
Page 121 and 122:
pleading of which might excite publ
Page 123 and 124:
1793, 1795; Finland, 1721, 1743, 18
Page 125 and 126:
producer and trader in his realm. T
Page 127 and 128:
instituted (1804) a regularly organ
Page 129 and 130: of agriculture, took on a new form
Page 131 and 132: inevitably a full-scale revolution
Page 133 and 134: at a tempo unknown in the modern hi
Page 135 and 136: election is usually in effect contr
Page 137 and 138: 'and sown grasses, even though cere
Page 139 and 140: the two had reached most dangerous
Page 141 and 142: [revolutionary propaganda]," a peas
Page 143 and 144: institutions were also encouraged,
Page 145 and 146: though it had been considerably imp
Page 147 and 148: (iv) Emancipation of the peasants,
Page 149 and 150: three times deferred or in part can
Page 151 and 152: in the eighties. It is no wonder th
Page 153 and 154: The edict of 1762 did not in fact r
Page 155 and 156: itterly resented. Marriage required
Page 157 and 158: peoples remained with their own cus
Page 159 and 160: These last two classes were not fre
Page 161 and 162: not offer such advantages in the wa
Page 163 and 164: Direct taxation of various kinds, b
Page 165 and 166: members of the commune regulated in
Page 167 and 168: organization continued for long to
Page 169 and 170: The commune or subdivisions of it,
Page 171 and 172: the peasantry and of the social his
Page 173 and 174: in composition, and one of Razin's
Page 175 and 176: from St Petersburg to impose a sett
Page 177 and 178: If need be the reigning monarch was
Page 179: leaving a chain of fires, but witho
Page 183 and 184: some support from across the fronti
Page 185 and 186: traditions and the past, may contri
Page 187 and 188: and their retainers, but there was
Page 189 and 190: Becket until Nikon, the Patriarch o
Page 191 and 192: the peasantry, some of which derive
Page 193 and 194: the west the Lithuanians—the last
Page 195 and 196: close and far-reaching as the monas
Page 197 and 198: " I , John, am tsar and priest, up
Page 199 and 200: the fact that about fourteen per ce
Page 201 and 202: though in fact they were a return t
Page 203 and 204: accentuated their disunion and dimi
Page 205 and 206: he abolished the patriarchate and r
Page 207 and 208: patriarchate. Disendowment and dise
Page 209 and 210: during the partition period (1772-1
Page 211 and 212: the German Blitzkrieg were promptly
Page 213 and 214: half Russian or Lithuanian. In this
Page 215 and 216: The state language (to some extent
Page 217 and 218: Sigismund III of Poland, on the cre
Page 219 and 220: in the War of the Polish Succession
Page 221 and 222: earlier in secret conclave with her
Page 223 and 224: purveyor of cosmopolitan enlightenm
Page 225 and 226: under his control the grand-duchy o
Page 227 and 228: continuously against all his Russia
Page 229 and 230: and could not be understood by Euro
Page 231 and 232:
The peasantry took little part in t
Page 233 and 234:
3. The Ukrainian QuestionThe major
Page 235 and 236:
It is quite true that Russian histo
Page 237 and 238:
pp. 49-50 and note); but they were
Page 239 and 240:
The main reason why the struggle fo
Page 241 and 242:
for the most part their distinctive
Page 243 and 244:
though divided in their attitude to
Page 245 and 246:
For some ten years Ukrainian Commun
Page 247 and 248:
of all Slav and freedom-loving nati
Page 249 and 250:
Empire (see pp. 178-179), but conne
Page 251 and 252:
These generally conservative direct
Page 253 and 254:
Prior to the Crimean War the Slavop
Page 255 and 256:
and the last a great deal, to pansl
Page 257 and 258:
and her liberation from Turkey. A g
Page 259 and 260:
than Buda-Pest or Vienna. Anti-Germ
Page 261 and 262:
Finns, for about seven centuries wi
Page 263 and 264:
Lenin, ceased to be the capital sin
Page 265 and 266:
y the Red Army, but Estonia, Latvia
Page 267 and 268:
towards the Allies were engendered,
Page 269 and 270:
conquest of Finland by the Swedes;
Page 271 and 272:
Half a century after Ivan the Great
Page 273 and 274:
all Swedes—as has already been ex
Page 275 and 276:
had he succeeded in rallying the ma
Page 277 and 278:
the learning and culture of enlight
Page 279 and 280:
Sweden, and Finland, outside direct
Page 281 and 282:
Swedish navy had reasserted itself
Page 283 and 284:
evolution and Finland, to which the
Page 285 and 286:
was a triumph of French diplomacy,
Page 287 and 288:
Straits become a perpetual plague-s
Page 289 and 290:
diplomatic pressure by Russia. Even
Page 291 and 292:
in St Petersburg of a complete brea
Page 293 and 294:
herself and Turkey alone. Now she a
Page 295 and 296:
the congress the Russian and Britis
Page 297 and 298:
an eventual annexation by her of Bo
Page 299 and 300:
uncoiled, the new regime in Russia
Page 301 and 302:
least definitely hostile. For this
Page 303 and 304:
Armenia and Azerbaidzhan (see map i
Page 305 and 306:
Russians and even imposed a conside
Page 307 and 308:
A new Georgian literature and cultu
Page 309 and 310:
Moscow. A month earlier Georgia had
Page 311 and 312:
War, and the triumph, in company wi
Page 313 and 314:
eing in direct relations with the U
Page 315 and 316:
In that year Far Eastern affairs we
Page 317 and 318:
great, but she still remained in po
Page 319 and 320:
new Soviet state was so exhausted a
Page 321 and 322:
there had previously taken place a
Page 323 and 324:
notable withdrawal, but the governm
Page 325 and 326:
CHAPTER VIITHE WEST1. Russia and Eu
Page 327 and 328:
(I)THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY URALSBogo
Page 329 and 330:
the specifically Russian achievemen
Page 331 and 332:
the West. Such centres were, howeve
Page 333 and 334:
ationalist and scientific thought,
Page 335 and 336:
ight had I," cries Kropotkin in his
Page 337 and 338:
or apathy by the peasants, and the
Page 339 and 340:
had been different again. There had
Page 341 and 342:
messenger sent on a sudden by God t
Page 343 and 344:
mainly because Catholics were synon
Page 345 and 346:
In ' the western lands ' printing,
Page 347 and 348:
(b. 1643, banished to the Arctic 16
Page 349 and 350:
went off as a member of 'the great
Page 351 and 352:
science. He succeeded posthumously
Page 353 and 354:
variable and the use of Russian as
Page 355 and 356:
or (as for instance Osterman in the
Page 357 and 358:
the middle of the eighteenth centur
Page 359 and 360:
to the Academy of Sciences, and he
Page 361 and 362:
from England and Germany. Russian m
Page 363 and 364:
down to the serf's hut. From small
Page 365 and 366:
operating in Russia: a 'free labour
Page 367 and 368:
and by a few large-scale British-Ru
Page 369 and 370:
addition to extremely low purchasin
Page 371 and 372:
cent, was held by foreigners, as co
Page 373 and 374:
of Bastiat and Cobden. There follow
Page 375 and 376:
of Western Art one of the finest co
Page 377 and 378:
imperialism in the Middle and Far E
Page 379 and 380:
section of the town-dwellers, espec
Page 381 and 382:
extent the commune. This helps to a
Page 383 and 384:
pay had been made to it, and it was
Page 385 and 386:
stood for Western democracy of a li
Page 387 and 388:
than any since that of 1891, capped
Page 389 and 390:
(4) There were just enough speciali
Page 391 and 392:
CoalIron ore . . . .Pig-iron . . .
Page 393 and 394:
including agriculture, all transpor
Page 395 and 396:
commitments have been incurred than
Page 397 and 398:
explicitly emphazised as a most imp
Page 399 and 400:
Total populationUrban .Rural .19391
Page 401 and 402:
policy pursued in the ten years bef
Page 403 and 404:
often as not she was one of the dec
Page 405 and 406:
Russia, as the Crimean War gave amp
Page 407 and 408:
country by looting. The Russian arm
Page 409 and 410:
illustrated by the Bavarian success
Page 411 and 412:
the Napoleonic period hgr eastern i
Page 413 and 414:
humbling of their pride and by the
Page 415 and 416:
Niemen. Twelve weeks later Napoleon
Page 417 and 418:
to the invader. He was torn to the
Page 419 and 420:
of European peace might be formed,
Page 421 and 422:
and the French, followed by war wit
Page 423 and 424:
could to rebuild the rampart, to re
Page 425 and 426:
of the Holy Alliance. There were, i
Page 427 and 428:
Europe. Left to himself he would sw
Page 429 and 430:
with the contrast in their own case
Page 431 and 432:
agreed that Russia could not fight,
Page 433 and 434:
Ferdinand, in Sarajevo, the capital
Page 435 and 436:
The isolation of Russia after the c
Page 437 and 438:
only if Germany were not the attack
Page 439 and 440:
e disturbed as to the solidity of t
Page 441 and 442:
championship of the Polish cause we
Page 443 and 444:
and giving it a pro-French orientat
Page 445 and 446:
evivified and extended the alliance
Page 447 and 448:
powers" was not directly affected b
Page 449 and 450:
which was one main reason for the p
Page 451 and 452:
against her, had become impracticab
Page 453 and 454:
against Western imperialism. The el
Page 455 and 456:
fear drove both to combine, loosely
Page 458 and 459:
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLEDates, as elsewh
Page 460 and 461:
1768-721767-8176417621756-631755175
Page 462 and 463:
1425-62141014081406-814041399139713
Page 464 and 465:
NOTE ON BOOKSTHE following list of
Page 466 and 467:
Times to the Death of Dostoevsky (1
Page 468 and 469:
Sir Bernard Pares, The Fall of the
Page 470 and 471:
INDEXFor Russian foreign relations
Page 472 and 473:
Factory workers: see Industrial dev
Page 474 and 475:
Monasteries: 27, 48, 177-8, 182-4,1
Page 476 and 477:
Skdbelev: 429.Slaves and slavery: 2
show all

Untitled - OUDL Home

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?