Histopathology of Seed-Borne Infections - Applied Research Center ...

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Microtechniques in Seed Histopathology 269Fast Green and Light GreenAlcohol solutionEthyl alcohol 95% 100 mlStain 0.2 or 0.5 g (0.2 g preferred)Clove oil solutionStain 0.2 or 0.5 gEthyl alcohol 95% 50 mlClove oil 50 mlFast green and light green staining is rapid, and thus the process should bequickly completed.Mixed Solution of Safranin–Light Green and Safranin–Fast GreenConc. HCl 1.25 mlDistilled water 75 mlEthyl alcohol (95%) 120 mlSafranin 0 1.5 gLight green or fast green 0.5 gPlasma-filled hyphae are stained red while host cells are green (Pedersen, 1956).The authors prefer to use safranin and fast green and light green as separatestains.REFERENCESAgarwal, K., Sharma, J., Singh, T., and Singh, D. 1987. Histopathology of Alternaria tenuisinfected black-pointed kernels of wheat. Bot. Bull. Academia Sinica 28: 123–130.Agarwal, K., Singh, T., Singh, D., and Mathur, S.B. 1985. Studies on glume blotch diseaseof wheat I. Location of Septoria nodorum in seed. Phytomorphology 35: 87–91.Aldrich, H.C. and Todd, W.J. 1986. Ultrastructure Techniques for Microorganisms. PlenumPress, New York.Alvarez, M. and Campbell, R.N. 1978. Transmission and distribution of squash mosaic virusin seeds of cantaloupe. Phytopathology 68: 257–263.Baker, J.R. 1958. Principles and Biological Microtechnique. Methuen, London.Carroll, T.W. 1969. Electron microscopic evidence for the presence of barley stripe mosaicvirus in cells of barley embryos. Virology 37: 649–657.Gardner, R.O. 1975. An overview of botanical clearing technique. Stain Technol. 50: 99–105.Gerlach, D. 1984. Botanische Mikrotechnik, 3rd ed. Thieme, Stuttgart.Glauert, A.M. Ed. 1974. Practical Methods in Electron Microscopy. Vol. 3, Part 1. NorthHolland Publishing Company, Amsterdam.Hunter, D.G. and Bowyer, J.W. 1993. Cytopathology of lettuce mosaic virus — infectedlettuce seeds and seedlings. J. Phytopathol. 137: 61–72.
270 Histopathology of Seed-Borne InfectionsJohansen, D.A. 1940. Plant Microtechnique. McGraw-Hill, New York.Lange, L., Wu, W.-S., and van Vuurde, J.W.L. 1992. Seed Transmitted Virus Diseases: Biology,Detection and Control. Yi Hsien Publishing Company Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan.Maden, S., Singh, D., Mathur, S.B., and Neergaard, P. 1975. Detection and location of seedborneinoculum of Ascochyta rabiei and its transmission in chickpea (Cicer arietinum).Seed Sci. Technol. 3: 667–681.Mathur, S.B. and Kongsdal, O. 2003. Common Laboratory Seed Health Testing Methods forDetecting Fungi. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland.Neergaard, E. 1997. Methods in Botanical Histopathology. Danish Government Institute ofSeed Pathology for Developing Countries, Kandrups Botrykkeri, Copenhagen, Denmark.O’Brien, T.P. and McCully, M.E. 1981. The Study of Plant Structure, Principles and SelectedMethods. Termarcarphi, Melbourne.Pedersen, P. N. 1956. Infection of barley by loose smut, Ustilago nuda (Hens.) Rostr. Friesia5: 341–348.Robards, A.W. and Wilson, A.J., Eds. 1993. Procedures in Electron Microscopy. John Wiley& Sons, Chichester, U.K.Schaad, N.W. Ed. 1988. Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria,2nd ed. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.Singh, D. 1983. Histopathology of some seed-borne infections: a review of recent investigations.Seed Sci. Technol. 11: 651–663.Singh, D., Mathur, S.B., and Neergaard, P. 1977. Histopathology of sunflower seeds infectedby Alternaria tenuis. Seed Sci. Technol. 5: 579–586.Singh, D., Mathur, S.B., and Neergaard, P. 1980. Histopathological studies of Alternariasesamicola penetration in sesame seed. Seed Sci. Technol. 8: 85–93.
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Histopathology ofSeed-Borne Infecti
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PrefaceThe book deals with only one
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The AuthorsDalbir Singh, Ph.D., for
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ContentsChapter 1 Introduction ....
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4.3.2 Routes for Infection from Ova
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8.4 Survival in Seed ..............
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2 Histopathology of Seed-Borne Infe
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4 Histopathology of Seed-Borne Infe
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2Reproductive Structuresand Seed Fo
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Reproductive Structures and Seed Fo
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14 Histopathology of Seed-Borne Inf
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3Structure of SeedsThe seed habit i
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Structure of Seeds 49(1971) of usin
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Structure of Seeds 51is found in as
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Structure of Seeds 53dry seed of Ly
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Structure of Seeds 553.3.2 SEED COA
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Structure of Seeds 57Endosperm: One
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Structure of Seeds 59scendembepsmuA
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Structure of Seeds 61Endosperm: Sca
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Structure of Seeds 63Chalaza simple
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Structure of Seeds 65stystypmerA Bc
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Structure of Seeds 67epsent endCADB
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Structure of Seeds 69perhscendembpe
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Structure of Seeds 71eposgepi′epo
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Structure of Seeds 73(Zea and Sorgh
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Structure of Seeds 75Baker, D.M. an
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Structure of Seeds 77Maheshwari Dev
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Structure of Seeds 79Vries, M.A. de
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TABLE 5.6Location of Mycelium of St
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7Seed Infection by VirusesViruses a
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Seed Infection by Viruses 201TABLE
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Seed Infection by Viruses 205Unlike
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Seed Infection by Viruses 2073. The
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Seed Infection by Viruses 209Wilcox
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Seed Infection by Viruses 213floret
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Seed Infection by Viruses 215ptowvv
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Seed Infection by Viruses 2177.4.2
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