Sonorant conspiracy131It should be clarified here that the representation of the agentive suffix –erin (24) is not complete. The low schwa [Œ] of the suffix results from thevocalisation of /R/ in the word-final position. It is perfectly logical to ascribea greater potential to full vowels than to empty ones (Cyran 2003). Itmeans that the suffix vowel in [vA†knŒ], unlike the empty one in [vA†g®N],has the ability to both govern and license. Now the reason why the schwain (24) disappears is the fact that it is governed by the suffix vowel. Moreover,the latter vowel licenses the preceding nasal. In this situation thenasal escapes the negative influence of the government while being licensedat the same time. As the latter context describes a strong positionit explains the fact why the nasal does not search for the place to spread,hence the lack of both homorganicity and syllabicity in (24). Furthermore,note that the schwa in (23) and (24) is suppressed for two different reasons.In (23) it is displaced by the spreading nasal, while in (24) it isgoverned by the following suffix vowel. Finally, the reason why the obstruentsin suffixed forms undergo devoicing again boils down to the presenceof the suffix vowel or, to be precise, to the presence of the governed emptynucleus following the obstruent. In traditional accounts of German finaldevoicing the phenomenon is claimed to take place in the coda position(Rubach 1990, Hall 1992, W iese 1996). In Brockhaus’s (1995)account obstruent devoicing appears before an empty nuclear position. TheStrict CV model combines both proposals because the traditional coda isdescribed here as the position before a governed empty nucleus. Furthermore,this solution provides a ready answer to the absence of obstruentdevoicing before syllabic consonants and additionally confirms the leftwardspreading of the structures in question. In short, in the latter situation thenuclear position after the obstruent is not empty, but is occupied by thefollowing sonorant. Note that by claiming that devoicing appears beforegoverned empty nucleus we can rule out the representation under (20a)above. Were it correct, we would observe obstruent devoicing in all theforms under (19), which is, however, not the case there. Finally, the solutionproposed by Scheer (2003) explains why syllabic consonants ariseonly after a schwa and why they are so common word-finally. As for theformer, it is a widely accepted fact that the schwa is the next but last stepon the lenition trajectory from a full vowel to zero. It follows that a fullvowel, unlike a schwa, is not weak enough to be displaced by the sonorant.The reason why they appear so readily at the right margin is the fact thatthis is a weak position. Concluding, Scheer (2003) predicts three differentreactions of sonorants to the positional weakness. Thus, in order togain stability the sonorant may spread to a neighbour to share the placeelement. Secondly, it may spread to the preceding nucleus displacing schwa9*
132 Bogus clusters, syllabic consonants and vowel syncope. . .and taking over its duties. Finally, the sonorant is not able to spread toa neighbouring position and hence faces decomposition or lenition, losingmanner or place elements.4.3. English syllabic consonants4.3.1. IntroductionIn this section we focus our discussion on syllabic consonants in English.We introduced the basic facts and pinpointed some problems concerningthe appearance of syllabic consonants in the language in section2.1 above. In what follows we shall address the questions raisedin that section and offer a unified solution to the phenomenon in question.It will be pointed out that syllabic consonants arise in response to a positionalweakness as predicted by Scheer (2003). Since, however, syllabicconsonants are possible not only before empty nuclei but also before realisedvowels, it will be claimed that syllabic consonants appear in the intervocalicposition, that is, after schwa and before a nucleus, be it empty orrealised. As the discussion unfolds, it will become evident that lexically presentnuclei are never properly governed and vowel syncope is always theresult of the expansionist behaviour of sonorants.4.3.2. In search of a unified context for syllabic consonantsThe preceding section has been devoted to German homorganic clustersof the obstruent plus nasal type, with some reference to English nasalplus obstruent clusters. Since partial geminates, especially those appearingin progressive nasal assimilation, are intimately connected with syllabicconsonants, the latter phenomenon has also been discussed. Havingintroduced Scheer’s (2003) proposal to explain partial geminates inGerman, we are in a position to address the questions raised at the endof section 2.1 above. Namely, what is the precise context and the trigger
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PrefaceThe phonotactic peculiaritie
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Preface92000), Ploch (1999), van de
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List of abbreviationsBrODIdim.FODge
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34 The framework(7) PGO N O N O N O
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36 The frameworkby all sounds. Thus
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38 The frameworkexist. What is a Br
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40The frameworkLowenstamm’s (1999
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42 The frameworksky and Halle’s (
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44 The phonological nature of the b
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- Page 155 and 156: 154 ReferencesBotma, B. (2004) Phon
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