LIBRO-CONGRESO-CITRUS

S16O06
Progress toward integrated management of Asian Citrus Psyllid in Florida
Stansly P.A.
University of Florida (IFAS), SW Florida Research and Education Center, USA. pstansly@ufl.edu
Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri was first detected in Florida in 1998 and quickly spread throughout the
state, followed in 2005 by huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening disease vectored by ACP. High incidence of
HLB was soon found in many citrus orchards, rendering the recommended practice of removing symptomatic
trees impractical and leaving vector control as the principal means of HLB management. Two important early
advances were the “stem tap” technique for rapid monitoring of ACP populations and the “dormant spray”
that provided effective suppression of overwintering ACP adults. Extensive field testing furnished a suite of
effective broad-spectrum and selective contact insecticides for foliar application and systemic insecticides
used as soil drenches to protect young trees. Foliar nutrient programs have proved effective in mitigating
impact of the disease on mature tree health and productivity when coupled with ACP control, even where HLB
incidence is high. Area wide cooperative spray programs were organized and executed, and their effectiveness
documented by statewide monitoring of over 5,000 citrus blocks at 3-week intervals using the tap sample.
These measures have enabled the Florida citrus industry to maintain viability in the face of HLB, thanks in part
to a favorable market which has so far covered additional costs. Present efforts are directed at refining and
improving the program by definition of economic thresholds, better timing and selectivity of spray programs,
and integration with biological and cultural strategies such as mass release of the parasitoid Tamarixia radiata
and UV reflective mulches to better protect young plantings.
S16O07
Perspective of the Indonesian Citriculture in the Presence of Huanglongbing Disease
Supriyanto A.S, and Nurhadi N.
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro), Agriculture, Indonesia. arry_supriyanto@yahoo.com
Citrus is one of the most important horticultural crops in Indonesia, with a production area of around 57,083
hectares produced 2,028,904 tons. Mandarins and tangerines are the main citrus grown (95.5%), and others
such as; pummelo, oranges, limes and lemons represent less than 4,5%. Citrus import during the last decade
showed a significant increase of about 96 tons in 2000 to 193,462 tons in 2011 with a value of US $53,000
and of US $171,000,000 respectively, placing Indonesia as the eigth citrus imported country of the world
and the biggest one in Asia. Citrus plantations in Indonesia can not be avoided from the threat of pests and
diseases complex, particularly Huanglongbing disease (HLB) that proven causes degeneration of tree growth,
declining productivity and quality, death; and even threaten the sustainability of the citrus agribusiness in
citrus plantations of Indonesia. The results of HLB disease epidemic research in the last 10 years provide
a more comprehensive understanding of: 1) the interactive relationship between the citrus pathogen HLB
vector Diaphorina citri Kuw. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) the rate of disease progression of citrus HLB, 3) the spread
pattern of disease by D. citri in the field, and 4) factors which influence the rate of disease progression and
spread of HLB in the field. This information is expected to provide more comprehensive understanding of
how to control HLB properly in the citrus grower situation in Indonesia. This paper provide information and
discussion dealt with the implications of HLB epidemic studies results and its contribution to the components
of HLB disease epidemics through the concept of ‘toward precision farming for sustainable citrus health’.
S16O08
Nontarget effects of cultural practices to manage the bacterial disease huanglongbing on soil
food webs that affect the insect pest Diaprepes abbreviatus
Campos-Herrera R. 1 , El-Borai F.E. 2 , Schumann A. 2 , and Duncan L. W. 2
1 Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias (ICA-CSIC), Contaminación Ambiental, Spain; and 2 University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education
Center (UF-CREC), Entomology and Nematology, United States (US). r.camposherrera@ufl.edu
The ‘Advanced Citriculture Production System’ (ACPS) can mitigate the impact of the devastating bacterial disease
huanglongbing (HLB) by bringing citrus trees into production more quickly than conventional citriculture methods.
XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS 2012 - 277
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