LIBRO-CONGRESO-CITRUS

S20
dysfunction. Microarray studies performed on aortas demonstrated differentially expressed genes encoding
proteins involved in cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton organization or focal adhesion. Expression profile of
these genes suggested limited immune cell adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) and infiltration in the intima
of vascular wall. This hypothesis was strengthened by in-vitro experiments on ECs using naringin metabolites
at physiologically relevant concentrations. These metabolites significantly reduced monocyte adhesion to
TNFα-activated ECs. Exposure of both monocytes and ECs to naringin metabolites potentiated their inhibitory
effect on monocyte adhesion, suggesting that monocytes may also be targets for naringenin metabolites. In
conclusion, this study revealed that the atheroprotective effect of dietary naringin could be linked to its effect
on gene networks and cell functions related to leukocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration, processes
highly involved in the early steps of atherosclerosis development.
S20P02
Effect of membrane processing on the radical scavenging activity of juice from IGP product Citrus
limon from “Rocca imperiale” (south Italy)
Loizzo M.R. 1 , Tundis R1 , Bonesi M. 1 , Pugliese A. 1 , Di Sanzo G. 2 , Balducchi R. 2 , Verardi A. 3 , and Calabro V. 3
1University of Calabria (UNICAL), Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences and Nutrition, Italy; 2ENEA C.R. Trisaia (ENEA), Laboratorio
Biotecnologie (UTTRI-BIOTEC), Italy; and 3University of Calabria (UNICAL), Department of Engineering Modeling, Italy.
vincenza.calabro@unical.it
Citrus limon from “Rocca imperiale” was awarded the IGP (Protected Geographical Indication) denomination
in 2012. The juice is characterized by yellow colour and a sweet taste. Juice obtained by manual pressure of
C. limon was firstly centrifuged and then concentrated with ultrafiltration process (carried out on Osmonics®
module, by using a polysulphone membrane, cut off 150 kDa, under d transmembrane membrane pressure
ranging from 0.5 to 2 bar) with the aim to concentrate and separate the antioxidants. Samples of permeate
and retentate were continuously collected and analysed in order to measure the amount of antioxidant in
each flow stream. Considering that antioxidant compounds may act in vivo through different mechanisms of
action, no single method can fully evaluate the antioxidant capacity of food since levels of single antioxidant
in food do not necessarily reflect their antioxidant activity. For this reason permeate and retentate juices
were evaluated for their radical scavenging activity through DPPH and ABTS assay. Permeate samples showed
a percentage of inhibition of ABTS∙ from 35.97 to 54.27 using pure products while retentate samples exhibited
a percentage of inhibition 22.67 to 43.66 using pure products. In DPPH assay IC50 values v/v -ranging from
3.46.64 to 10.64 for permeate and from 7.64 to 8.70 for retentate, respectively.
S20P03
The effect of time and refrigeration on bioavailability of flavanones in healthy volunteers after
fresh squeezed orange juice consumption
Tomas-Navarro M., Vallejo F., and Tomás-Barberán F.A.
Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Spain.
mtomas@cebas.csic.es
The effect of both temperature and time is unclear yet on flavanones bioavailability. A comparison between
ingestion of freshly squeezed orange ‘Lane Late’ juice and the same juice after a 24h refrigeration period
(8 ºC) in the fridge was carried out. This study was developed in healthy volunteers (n=7) following the
administration of 400 mL of freshly squeezed orange juice (FS) and 24 h urine collection. The same operation
was done with the refrigerated one (FR). The determination of the total amount of flavanones present in the
supernatant and pellet of both juices was measured by HPLC-MS. Significant differences were observed in
flavanones precipitation (pellet) after 24 h refrigeration (FR) compared to the freshly squeezed one (FS). The
total excretion of flavanone metabolites in all volunteers decreased between 2 and 5-fold after storage for 24
h at 8 ºC (FR). The results show that research on technological and biotechnological methods to preserve the
bioavailability of the freshly squeezed juice are necessary in order to obtain processed juice with the highest
bioavailability.
346 - VALENCIA CONFERENCE CENTER, 18th-23rd NOVEMBER 2012