LIBRO-CONGRESO-CITRUS

S16P44
Preliminary survey of the Green Lacewings (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) in citrus orchards in
Northern east of Tunisia (Cap Bon).
Limem Sellami E., and Chermiti B.
Higher Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem (ISACM), Laboratory of Enomology and Biological Control, Tunisia.
chermiti54@yahoo.fr
Aphids are one of the key pests affecting citrus in Tunisia. Nowadays, their control is mostly chemical.
However, because of the need for a more sustainable citrus industry, other biologically-based control
methods are under study. One of them involves the biological control by means of natural enemies. As a
first step, increased knowledge on the actual diversity of-natural enemies in this citrus system is needed.
Because lacewings (Neuroptera: Chysopidae) are one of the most important group natural enemies of aphids,
a survey of lacewings occurring in citrus orchards in NE Tunisia (Cap Bon) was conducted. 3 organic-and
4 conventional citrus orchards were compared during two consecutive years (2010, 2011). Adults were
collected with avacuum aspirator; whereas pre-imaginal instars were collected from aphid infested shoots.
Six green lacewing species were identified: Chrysoperla lucasina, C. carnea, C. affinis, Dichochrysa flavifrons,
Dichochrysa prasina and Chrysopaformosa. C. lucasina-was the dominant species (53%) in all orchards.
Adults of the complex C. carnea were recorded-from February to December and showed two peaks-in May-
June and in September. The occurrence of pre-imaginal instars is related to aphid activity. Diversity of green
lacewing is generally low (H’= 1.27). However, Shannon index was highest in organic orchards. Dominance
and equitability index (respectively 0.8 and 0.2) showed a dominance of the C. carnea complex in all orchards.
This species could be managed for the biological control of aphids in citrus orchards.
S16P45
Mating disruption technique as a control method for California red scale: a review of doses,
efficacy and date of application
Navarro-Llopis, V., Alfaro C., Vacas S., and Primo Millo J.
Instituto Agroforestal del Mediterráneo (CEQA). Universitat Politècncia de València. vinallo@ceqa.upv.es
California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii Maskell, is a key pest for citrus fresh market around the world.
Chemical control with organophosphates, insect growth regulators or oils has been widely used, although the
increasing resistance to organophosphates, the effect of IGR over non-target organisms and the difficulties in
applying oils suggest the development of other IPM control methods. In the present work, the use of mating
disruption is proposed as a new control method which can be applied alone or combined with other methods.
The pheromone dose, the number of release points per surface and the date of application have been studied
for an efficient application of the mating disruption technique. The importance of emitting the pheromone
with zero order kinetics is well known in mating disruption. For this purpose, we designed a new mesoporous
dispenser that releases the pheromone in an efficient way during more than 150 days. After 6 years of studies,
results suggest a minimum dose of 35 g of pheromone ha-1, a minimum density of 450 dispenser ha-1 and
the application of dispensers just before the second male’s flight. In these conditions, an efficacy of at least
90% was obtained in field trials, taking special importance to the reduction in the percentage of fruit with
more than 5 scales. The effect of this method over A. aurantii parasitoids was also studied suggesting a total
compatibility of augmentative releases and mating disruption.
S16P46
Physiological selectivity of insecticides used for control of Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama, 1908) on
larvae of Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen, 1861).
Rugno G.R., Zanardi O.Z., Beloti V.H., Cunha R.A., Barbosa V.G., Parra J.R.P., and Yamamoto P.T.
Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Entomologia e Acarologia, Brasil. gabrielrugno@hotmail.com
This study investigated the effect of 11 insecticides used for control of Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) on the
larval survival of Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen). First instar lacewing larvae 48 h old were sprayed using
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