LIBRO-CONGRESO-CITRUS

2010 and 2011, the efficacy of spray applications of fosmet, flufenoxuron and Bacillus thuringiensis was
evaluated on 2-yr old lemon trees. Spray applications were carried out weekly from May to June, for a total of
6 treatments per year. Results suggest that OPs could be substituted, or at least alternated, with IGRs and BT.
Starting from 2006, pheromone traps (Z-7 tetradecenale) were placed in lemon plots and the infestation level
on flower, young fruits and new shoots was recorded. All set of data produced a robust correlation (r 2 = 0.82)
between male captures and infestation percentage. Depending on the economic target chosen, a maximum
level of 120 captures/trap per week could be set as the action threshold.
S16P35
Biology of Citrus Fruit Borer, Citripestis sagittiferella Moore and its control.
Srijuntra S., Manusmunkong B., Sahaya S., Jumroenma K., and Srikachar S.
Plant Protection Research and Development Office), Department of Agriculture, Thailand. nutaa2000@yahoo.com
Studies on the biology of the citrus fruit borer, Citripestis sagittiferella Moore were carried out at the
laboratory of Entomology and Zoology Research Group, Plant Protection Research and Development
Office, Bangkok, and pummelo orchards at Trat and Chumphon province during October 2005 to April
2007. Results showed that females lay eggs in clusters (2-29 eggs) on the fruit at night. The egg is round in
shape and white in color. The incubation period is 5.30±0.87 days. The larvae of C. sagittiferella molt four
times and total larval stages last 14.60±0.52 days. The growth increment of larvae based on the width of
head capsules assumed a geometric progression with a ratio of 1.61. The final instar larva pupates in the
soil and requires 6.77 ± 1.88 and 5.83±1.54 days for male and female, respectively, to reach adulthood.
The longevity of adult male and female are 5.72±1.18 and 5.88±1.24 days, respectively. The survey of C.
sagittiferella natural enemies yielded one species, Trichogrammatoidea sp., an egg parasitoid. Damaged
and fallen fruit should be removed from orchards to control this moth. Infested areas should be sprayed
with insecticides four times on a weekly basis after fruit setting. Then fruit should be wrapped to prevent
infestation by C. sagittiferella.
S16P36
Spirotetramat (Movento®): a new tool for Aonidiella aurantii Maskell management in Spain.
Izquierdo J., and Fullana J.
Bayer CropScience, Spain. josep.izquierdo@bayer.com
Spirotetramat (Movento®) is a new insecticide (full translocation in xylem and phloem) which has been
developed for worldwide use in numerous crops. Spirotetramat is listed in Group 23 of the IRAC (Insecticide
Resistance Action Committee) mode-of-action classification scheme as an inhibitor of lipid biosynthesis in
targeted pest species. It displays a completely new mode of action for control of several sucking insect pests
which are known to seriously damage agricultural crops. California red scale (CRS), Aonidiella aurantii Maskell
(Hemiptera: Diaspididae), is a key pest of citrus in the Mediterranean basin where it is widely distributed.
Despite the few available insecticides, chemical control is still the commonest method used against this pest.
Herein, we show the efficacy of spirotetramat against CRS in citrus and enhance some of its advantages for
the practice. Spirotetramat showed high levels of efficacy against CRS in the numerous field trials carried
out in Spain since 2002. Several characteristics of spirotetramat explain these results. The foliar penetration
is of utmost importance to allow the transport of the product in the plant vascular system and to exploit its
full biological potential. The phloem-mobile molecule like spirotetramat, acting mainly via ingestion, favours
the control of hidden targets as CRS in comparison to contact products. Spirotetramat affected all immature
stages of CRS offering an interesting flexibility in the application periods according to the specific targets and
needs of the growers.
Finally, the low impact of spirotetramat on key natural enemies in citrus allows the inclusion of this product
in IPM programs where biological control is promoted and improves the results by the integration of
methods.
XII INTERNATIONAL CITRUS CONGRESS 2012 - 297
S16