Marie Curie Actions: Inspiring Researchers - Imdea

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CAVEOLINSEvery breath becomes a wheeze. A cough starts and will not stop. Panic sets in as the muscles around the airways tightentheir stranglehold. All of these are symptoms of an asthma attack. The key to this potentially life-threatening reaction in theairways might lie in specific cell membranes in the airway smooth muscle, says Marie Curie Fellow Reinoud Gosens, whoseMarie Curie Fellowship took him to Canada.
Breakingthe strangleholdof asthmaSmooth muscle is the tissue that lines all hollow organsand vessels in the human body, including the airways in therespiratory tract. In many diseases of the airways, such asasthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cysticfi brosis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, the airway smoothmuscle behaves aberrantly. ‘In these diseases, particularlyin asthma, there is an increase in airway smooth musclemass and an increased capacity of the muscle to constrictthe airways,’ explains Dr Gosens. While the reason for thisis not yet fully understood, ‘pathological changes in airwaysmooth muscle behaviour are considered a primary causeof exaggerated airway narrowing in asthmatics, resulting inchest tightness’.Little folds, big impactIn his Caveolins project, Dr Gosens analysed how caveolae, thespecial signalling hot spots in the cell membrane, contributeto the abnormal response of smooth muscle in asthma. ‘Inthese caveolae, little folds or invaginations in the small plasmamembrane that are abundant in smooth muscle cells, manysignalling proteins and receptors are clustered,’ he says. Theseproteins and receptors, in turn, regulate the cells’ response totheir environment and initiate cell growth, cell contraction or thesecretion of enzymes, for instance. ‘These processes are notfunctioning properly in asthma, in which the muscle constricts tooeasily and too much in response to the infl amed environment,’Dr Gosens describes.This is an observation which he decided to put to good use.Understanding the goings-on in the caveolae, he speculated,should help to understand the irregularities in the airway smoothmuscle growth and reaction, and so offer scope to fi nd newtreatment methods for asthma. And the Dutchman’s researchwith renowned expert Dr Andrew J. Halayko at the ManitobaInstitute of Child Health in Canada produced the results hehad hoped for.Contractile airway smooth muscle cells in culture© Dr Reinoud Gosens/Dr Andrew J. Halayko269
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EUROPEANCOMMISSIONEuropeanResearch
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EUROPEAN COMMISSIONINSPIRING RESEAR
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Marie Curie Actions: Inspiring Rese
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ContentsIntroduction . . . . . . .
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WORLDWIDE RESEARCH . . . . . . . .
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within the best European research g
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Cross-border cooperation is the cor
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The Marie Curie programme seeks to
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AQUACHEMWater is life. It is key to
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ground for early-stage and experien
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CARBIOCarbon nanotubes are the epit
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e chemically modifi ed to further e
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CATALYSTS TOMOGRAPHY‘Everything b
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included a specimen holder inserted
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CRONUS-EUThe Earth is under attack:
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led to an unprecedented ability to
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HETEROLICSThe days of grainy graphi
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Other researchers from Ural State T
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HYDROGEN 1S-2SAccurate clocks are c
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more accurate. Such a clock could b
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RAPTOR ECOTOXFears over species los
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in Sicily, as well as rock climbers
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SMARTEverything about this material
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Development scheme as a chance to m
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SPATSTATHow can statistical analysi
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Hristopulos. There are two categori
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TRACKSResearch within the Tracks pr
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intellectual property issues and th
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Marie Curie Fellowships act as a sp
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The seeds of a budding career are p
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ARTEMISUnderstanding nature at its
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network institutes have allowed the
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BIOMEMA membrane is a layer of mate
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Mighty Mini-MBABut Biomem also step
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COMODEWhen consumers buy a new coff
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with computer-aided design (CAD) to
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COOPERATIVE BREEDINGCan our sibling
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mammals. Other analyses of cooperat
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CSIMHVALVESImagine being able to un
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could be used to describe how carti
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GLUESDr Markus Reichstein is a ‘r
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The carbon cycle begins with plants
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INTERDECHow an organism develops de
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The heart of the matterThe PhD Fell
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KAPROWThe theory of democratic peac
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necessary to stop it.’ If we are
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NASCENTAlthough nanotechnology deal
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The network focuses on the developm
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NEUROEMPATHYEver sense a chill runn
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Mapping empathySince the 1890s, it
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© stock.xchngOESTROGEN RECEPTORThe
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says Dr López-Béjar. Underlining
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PAPHOSIn 1870, Jules Verne wrote ab
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Minuscule communities under the sea
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PENELOPEPenelope, the wife of Ulyss
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Training and travelFor the Fellows,
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PUMPING UP THE HEARTMany researcher
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iochemical reactions take place in
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SEMEAIOutside the obvious green job
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suited to some companies than to ot
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Increasing our knowledge of the uni
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Everybody benefi ts from knowledge
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CABMarie Curie Fellows working unde
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The project achieved some major mil
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ENZYMATEnzymes are biomolecules tha
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eports. And the industry seems to s
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NUCSYSComplex organisms such as hum
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Integrating the ‘-omics’Nuclear
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TARGET-BREASTThe emotional turmoil
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diagnostics within an industrial en
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TEAMOHOLICAlthough it deals with an
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Dream teamAs its name suggests, Tea
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Women researchers have brought majo
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more likely to leave once they are
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AQUABASEToday, an increasingly comp
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‘With C14 isotopes, we can track
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DRUG-DISCOVERYDuring her two-year M
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chemically in various fashions. The
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EARA-ESTThe European Association fo
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‘Our programme is founded on the
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GLADNETAccurate data about the qual
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Working with industryIn addition to
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MIGRANT CHILDRENImmigration has bec
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Ireland possesses a category of mig
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NANBIOPTICOne of the most exciting
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Marie Curie support allowed me, amo
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NANOMATCHDeveloping new and more ef
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‘The ombudswoman is used quite fr
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Europe is increasingly retaining it
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well as the researcher’s scientif
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ADAPTUNPREDICTThe Marie Curie progr
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we understand the consequences bett
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© stock.xchngCSS-OMICSStress is a
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A key part of her research was to f
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ELSAQUINTANA-NCSCSFor Spanish pharm
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The cancer stem cell hypothesis pre
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EXNER_BORISOVMany modern devices an
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chips, for instance. ‘Of course,
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HIVOXFORDIn late 2006, five Bulgari
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that the accused medical personnel
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© stock.xchngMARINE MAGNETISMIsn
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aeolian dust. The second traces dus
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MODPAPThe Modpap project has delive
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According to Dr Macpherson, Dr Pill
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NANOSWITCHIt calls to mind a scene
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‘Throughout their journey, the na
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PIPKIGKOOne in every 700 babies bor
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focal adhesions of specifi c protei
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TARGETING PCD IN PDA Marie Curie gr
Page 220 and 221: the blood-brain barrier, the precur
Page 222 and 223: Science completely shapes the way w
Page 224 and 225: as labs and microscopes in order to
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Page 228 and 229: A new perspective on chronobiologyT
Page 230 and 231: © stock.xchngBIMORESolar energy is
Page 232 and 233: convert CO 2into a reduced carbon b
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Page 238 and 239: FLOODSVery few of us now question t
Page 240 and 241: The hunting ground for this preciou
Page 242 and 243: NANOMAG-LABThese days, the average
Page 244 and 245: What is more, Nanomag-Lab fostered
Page 246 and 247: NEPHILID SPIDERSSlovenian scientist
Page 248 and 249: One simple strategy involves the ma
Page 250 and 251: © stock.xchngWISEThe 32 countries
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Page 254 and 255: The quest for knowledge is a univer
Page 256 and 257: Global partnershipsBy opening up Eu
Page 258 and 259: ATTACCOnly one in a million is affe
Page 260 and 261: nutrients and ensures blood supply
Page 262 and 263: BIOSEBOut in the middle of nowhere,
Page 264 and 265: free discussion evenings, and staff
Page 266 and 267: CAUSE KIDNEY DAMAGEA potentially de
Page 268 and 269: might contribute to the effect. ‘
Page 272 and 273: ‘Our research revealed that the c
Page 274 and 275: EPISCONThe conservation and preserv
Page 276 and 277: able to follow whatever course my c
Page 278 and 279: © stock.xchngPARSEMUnder the Marie
Page 280 and 281: The research objectives of Parsem w
Page 282 and 283: NEURAL CIRCUITBlind mice can now se
Page 284 and 285: An international effortRecognising
Page 286 and 287: Being able to simultaneously build
Page 288 and 289: A number of initiatives can be impl
Page 290 and 291: EURYTHRONYoung researchers working
Page 292 and 293: Flexible work environmentThe resear
Page 294 and 295: INNATE IMMUNITYThe Innate Immunity
Page 296 and 297: more cytokines. Normally, this feed
Page 298 and 299: NLRS IN IMMUNITYMore than a million
Page 300 and 301: organisms and to shed light on the
Page 302 and 303: ZSN-PHD PROGRAMMEIt takes talent, t
Page 304 and 305: eview.’ The ZSN has also encourag
Page 306 and 307: The Marie Curie Actions are founded
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Page 311 and 312: On soft groundWhen faced with groun
Page 313 and 314: shared through annual workshops, in
Page 315 and 316: And the Oscar goesto...When your ci
Page 317 and 318: this, the software can take charact
Page 319 and 320: Recreating the earlyuniverseParticl
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Imagination equals discoveryDr Mast
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Rock-solid researchinto shaky groun
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existing ones with international sc
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Wireless wisdomComputer networks ha
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he recently received a Young Invest
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It’s elementary:of quarks, lepton
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A real career boostAdding into the
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Spin,little electron, spinAt the ba
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The armamentarium for new researchT
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Putting an endto cluster bombtraged
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elations, law and politics from the
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Inspiring changein the wider resear
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343
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Good vibrationsThe Marie Curie Acti
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to signifi cantly change the way Ph
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MuTra: a labour of loveWhile the ge
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sites in Berlin, Munich, Zürich, S
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The Marie Curie Actions are widely
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Marie Curie Actions: Inspiring Researchers - Imdea

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