Marie Curie Actions: Inspiring Researchers - Imdea

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CRONUS-EUThe Earth is under attack: cosmic rays hit our atmosphere every day. And it is a good thing they do, because the ‘atomicdebris’ they leave behind can help scientists get a better grasp of rates of environmental change or the recurrence of naturaldisasters. Making young researchers literate in interpreting this atomic debris was the aim of the Cronus-EU network.
A trip back in timegeology-styleAs cosmic rays approach the Earth and hit the upper atmosphere,they cause a nuclear reaction cascade. The cascade rollstowards the Earth, but decreases rapidly when it hits theground until it fi nally peters out at a depth of about three metresunderground. In its wake, it produces terrestrial cosmogenicnuclides (TCNs) in rock and soil, rare isotopes of a variety ofelements. Since those isotopes do not occur in rock or soilnaturally and have long half-lives, scientists are able to gleaninformation about when a landslide happened, for instance,or how the climate changed over the millennia, by analysingthe isotopes’ production and the decay.‘For TCNs to be useful to the Earth Sciences, their backgroundconcentration in geological material not exposed to cosmicrays must be extremely low,’ network coordinator Dr TiborDunai of the University of Edinburgh in the UK explains. Thisis the reason why only particular isotopes of rare noble gasessuch as helium-3 – a helium atom with two protons and oneneutron instead of the usual two protons and two neutrons –or short-lived radionuclides, including beryllium-10, can beemployed in this dating method. Beryllium-10, the mostcommonly used TCN, is a radioactive isotope of beryllium withsix neutrons and four protons and has a half-life of 1.5 millionyears. ‘So far, geological surfaces between 50 years and morethan 10 million years have been dated successfully with thistechnique,’ Dr Dunai adds. ‘Few other geological dating toolscover a similar – six orders of magnitude – range where theycan be applied.’Revolutionising Earth sciencesHence, TCNs are a great tool for environmental and Earthsciences, albeit with one considerable fl aw: their lack of accuracy.‘A key requirement is the ability to establish accurate absolutechronologies and rates of landscape evolution,’ Dr Dunai pointsout. ‘The development of techniques to measure exceedinglylow concentrations of cosmogenic isotopes that accumulatein surface rocks and soils during exposure to cosmic rays hasInspection of the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) tank after delivery at Cerege in Aix-en-Provence; it is the core of the new acceleratorfor Earth sciences (ASTER) facility there.© S. Merchel29
Page 1 and 2: EUROPEANCOMMISSIONEuropeanResearch
Page 3 and 4: EUROPEAN COMMISSIONINSPIRING RESEAR
Page 5 and 6: Marie Curie Actions: Inspiring Rese
Page 7 and 8: ContentsIntroduction . . . . . . .
Page 9: WORLDWIDE RESEARCH . . . . . . . .
Page 12 and 13: within the best European research g
Page 14 and 15: Cross-border cooperation is the cor
Page 16 and 17: The Marie Curie programme seeks to
Page 18 and 19: AQUACHEMWater is life. It is key to
Page 20 and 21: ground for early-stage and experien
Page 22 and 23: CARBIOCarbon nanotubes are the epit
Page 24 and 25: e chemically modifi ed to further e
Page 26 and 27: CATALYSTS TOMOGRAPHY‘Everything b
Page 28 and 29: included a specimen holder inserted
Page 32 and 33: led to an unprecedented ability to
Page 34 and 35: HETEROLICSThe days of grainy graphi
Page 36 and 37: Other researchers from Ural State T
Page 38 and 39: HYDROGEN 1S-2SAccurate clocks are c
Page 40 and 41: more accurate. Such a clock could b
Page 42 and 43: RAPTOR ECOTOXFears over species los
Page 44 and 45: in Sicily, as well as rock climbers
Page 46 and 47: SMARTEverything about this material
Page 48 and 49: Development scheme as a chance to m
Page 50 and 51: SPATSTATHow can statistical analysi
Page 52 and 53: Hristopulos. There are two categori
Page 54 and 55: TRACKSResearch within the Tracks pr
Page 56 and 57: intellectual property issues and th
Page 58 and 59: Marie Curie Fellowships act as a sp
Page 60 and 61: The seeds of a budding career are p
Page 62 and 63: ARTEMISUnderstanding nature at its
Page 64 and 65: network institutes have allowed the
Page 66 and 67: BIOMEMA membrane is a layer of mate
Page 68 and 69: Mighty Mini-MBABut Biomem also step
Page 70 and 71: COMODEWhen consumers buy a new coff
Page 72 and 73: with computer-aided design (CAD) to
Page 74 and 75: COOPERATIVE BREEDINGCan our sibling
Page 76 and 77: mammals. Other analyses of cooperat
Page 78 and 79: CSIMHVALVESImagine being able to un
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could be used to describe how carti
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GLUESDr Markus Reichstein is a ‘r
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The carbon cycle begins with plants
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INTERDECHow an organism develops de
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The heart of the matterThe PhD Fell
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KAPROWThe theory of democratic peac
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necessary to stop it.’ If we are
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NASCENTAlthough nanotechnology deal
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The network focuses on the developm
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NEUROEMPATHYEver sense a chill runn
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Mapping empathySince the 1890s, it
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© stock.xchngOESTROGEN RECEPTORThe
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says Dr López-Béjar. Underlining
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PAPHOSIn 1870, Jules Verne wrote ab
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Minuscule communities under the sea
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PENELOPEPenelope, the wife of Ulyss
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Training and travelFor the Fellows,
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PUMPING UP THE HEARTMany researcher
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iochemical reactions take place in
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SEMEAIOutside the obvious green job
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suited to some companies than to ot
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Increasing our knowledge of the uni
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Everybody benefi ts from knowledge
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CABMarie Curie Fellows working unde
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The project achieved some major mil
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ENZYMATEnzymes are biomolecules tha
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eports. And the industry seems to s
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NUCSYSComplex organisms such as hum
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Integrating the ‘-omics’Nuclear
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TARGET-BREASTThe emotional turmoil
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diagnostics within an industrial en
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TEAMOHOLICAlthough it deals with an
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Dream teamAs its name suggests, Tea
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Women researchers have brought majo
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more likely to leave once they are
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AQUABASEToday, an increasingly comp
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‘With C14 isotopes, we can track
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DRUG-DISCOVERYDuring her two-year M
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chemically in various fashions. The
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EARA-ESTThe European Association fo
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‘Our programme is founded on the
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GLADNETAccurate data about the qual
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Working with industryIn addition to
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MIGRANT CHILDRENImmigration has bec
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Ireland possesses a category of mig
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NANBIOPTICOne of the most exciting
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Marie Curie support allowed me, amo
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NANOMATCHDeveloping new and more ef
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‘The ombudswoman is used quite fr
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Europe is increasingly retaining it
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well as the researcher’s scientif
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ADAPTUNPREDICTThe Marie Curie progr
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we understand the consequences bett
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© stock.xchngCSS-OMICSStress is a
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A key part of her research was to f
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ELSAQUINTANA-NCSCSFor Spanish pharm
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The cancer stem cell hypothesis pre
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EXNER_BORISOVMany modern devices an
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chips, for instance. ‘Of course,
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HIVOXFORDIn late 2006, five Bulgari
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that the accused medical personnel
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© stock.xchngMARINE MAGNETISMIsn
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aeolian dust. The second traces dus
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MODPAPThe Modpap project has delive
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According to Dr Macpherson, Dr Pill
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NANOSWITCHIt calls to mind a scene
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‘Throughout their journey, the na
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PIPKIGKOOne in every 700 babies bor
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focal adhesions of specifi c protei
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TARGETING PCD IN PDA Marie Curie gr
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the blood-brain barrier, the precur
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Science completely shapes the way w
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as labs and microscopes in order to
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BCRThe moon holds a strange fascina
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A new perspective on chronobiologyT
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© stock.xchngBIMORESolar energy is
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convert CO 2into a reduced carbon b
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CENS-CMAAs the Estonian coastline c
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The research visitors provided valu
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FLOODSVery few of us now question t
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The hunting ground for this preciou
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NANOMAG-LABThese days, the average
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What is more, Nanomag-Lab fostered
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NEPHILID SPIDERSSlovenian scientist
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One simple strategy involves the ma
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© stock.xchngWISEThe 32 countries
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and-tested methodology also include
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The quest for knowledge is a univer
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Global partnershipsBy opening up Eu
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ATTACCOnly one in a million is affe
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nutrients and ensures blood supply
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BIOSEBOut in the middle of nowhere,
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free discussion evenings, and staff
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CAUSE KIDNEY DAMAGEA potentially de
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might contribute to the effect. ‘
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CAVEOLINSEvery breath becomes a whe
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‘Our research revealed that the c
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EPISCONThe conservation and preserv
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able to follow whatever course my c
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© stock.xchngPARSEMUnder the Marie
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The research objectives of Parsem w
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NEURAL CIRCUITBlind mice can now se
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An international effortRecognising
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Being able to simultaneously build
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A number of initiatives can be impl
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EURYTHRONYoung researchers working
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Flexible work environmentThe resear
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INNATE IMMUNITYThe Innate Immunity
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more cytokines. Normally, this feed
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NLRS IN IMMUNITYMore than a million
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organisms and to shed light on the
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ZSN-PHD PROGRAMMEIt takes talent, t
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eview.’ The ZSN has also encourag
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The Marie Curie Actions are founded
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All this is designed to achieve one
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On soft groundWhen faced with groun
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shared through annual workshops, in
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And the Oscar goesto...When your ci
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this, the software can take charact
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Recreating the earlyuniverseParticl
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Imagination equals discoveryDr Mast
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Rock-solid researchinto shaky groun
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existing ones with international sc
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Wireless wisdomComputer networks ha
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he recently received a Young Invest
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It’s elementary:of quarks, lepton
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A real career boostAdding into the
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Spin,little electron, spinAt the ba
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The armamentarium for new researchT
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Putting an endto cluster bombtraged
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elations, law and politics from the
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Inspiring changein the wider resear
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343
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Good vibrationsThe Marie Curie Acti
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to signifi cantly change the way Ph
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MuTra: a labour of loveWhile the ge
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sites in Berlin, Munich, Zürich, S
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The Marie Curie Actions are widely
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Marie Curie Actions: Inspiring Researchers - Imdea

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