Ge(n,−wx(17).2(2n− 1)! ∞ ( i + n − 1)! i) = ∑ × w x( n − 1)! (2i+ 2n− 1)! i!i=0THE METHODS COMPARISON2iThe author is confident, that experiencedmathematicians will say - why all these complexitiesand fabrications?Indeed there are excellent methods of <strong>in</strong>tegraltransforms, the method of the solutions through Green'sfunction or through the fundamental solution, andf<strong>in</strong>ally the method of separation of variables. Forexample <strong>in</strong> (Полянин 2001) the follow<strong>in</strong>g widelyknown particular solutions are given:u = Ax + B C y + D y w =2( )( cos µ s<strong>in</strong> µ ), µ ,u = Ax + B C hµ y + D hµ y w = −µ2( )( c s ), ,u = A µ x + B µ x Cx + D w = µ2( cos s<strong>in</strong> )( ), ,u = A hµ x + B hµ x Cx + D w = −µ2( c s )( ), ,u = ( Acos µ x + B s<strong>in</strong> µ x)( C cos µ y + D s<strong>in</strong> µ y), w = µ + µ ,2 21 1 2 2 1 2u A x B x C h y D h y w= ( cos µ1+ s<strong>in</strong> µ1)( c µ2+ s µ2), = µ2 2 1− µ2u = ( Ac hµ x + B s hµ x)( C cos µ y + Ds<strong>in</strong> µ y), w = − µ + µ ,2 21 1 2 2 1 2u = ( Ac hµ x + B s hµ x)( C c hµ y + D s hµ y), w = −µ − µ ,2 21 1 2 2 1 2,where A, B, C,D - the arbitrary constants. Whyto bother yourself? What is the difference? However,the difference is very essential and fundamental. Itmeans that <strong>in</strong> the solution which was done by themethod of dual substitution the functional"responsibilities" of the separate function groups aresorted out on the growth of the smallest summarydegree <strong>in</strong> the total solution of differential equation (as apuff-pastry pie), and <strong>in</strong> the solutions which are given at(Полянин 2001) all the functions beg<strong>in</strong> from the zero,first or second summary degree of the <strong>in</strong>dependentvariables. Let us discuss another solution of theequation of the similar to the equation (10), but <strong>in</strong> themore common form:∂ u∂x∂ u∂y2 2+ b + w u = 02 2b w – the arbitrary constants. The situation isthe same as it was described above, if the coefficientb is less than zero, then there is an equation ofwhere ,hyperbolic type, and if the coefficient b is more thanzero, then there is an equation of elliptical type. Ifb < 0, w> 0 the equation is already theequation of Kle<strong>in</strong>-Gordon, and not Helmholtz'sequation. The formula (13) will be used to solve thisequation, and functions enter<strong>in</strong>g this formula arecalculated from the follow<strong>in</strong>g recurrent expressions:k / 2Mag0 , ( x,y)= ∑ a Ge(m,wx )a0km=0mk( k − 2m+ 2)( k − 2m+ 1) x= y ; am= −am−1×2m(2m− 1) yk / 2Mag1 , ( x,y)= ∑ a Ge(m + 1, wx )akm = 0m( k − 2m+ 2)( k − 2m+ 1) xx; am= −am1×(2m+ 1)2myk0 = y−Let us exam<strong>in</strong>e examples of the solutions ofHelmholtz's equations.222222bbAnnual <strong>Proceed<strong>in</strong>gs</strong> of Vidzeme University College “ICTE <strong>in</strong> Regional Development”, 2006138
Example 1. To understand better the first example isexam<strong>in</strong>ed the same as above, but only by solv<strong>in</strong>g theequation of Helmholtz (10).It is assumed that the <strong>in</strong>itial condition is assigned:(1)u (0, y ) = f1 ( y ), ux(0, y ) = f2( y )and it is known, that the functions can be presented <strong>in</strong>the form of series:∞∞kkf1 ( y ) = ∑ bky , f2( y ) = ∑ dky .k = 0 k = 0As Ge( k , 0) = 1 , therefore free coefficients <strong>in</strong>formula (13) will be determ<strong>in</strong>ed from the follow<strong>in</strong>gexpressions:a = b , a = d . Wherewith the0 k k 1k ksolution <strong>in</strong> this task will take the form:∞∑( k 0, k k 1, k )( , ) = ⋅ ( , ) + ⋅ ( , )u x y b Mag x y d Mag x yk=0The functions of Mary( , ), ( , )Mag x y Mag x y can be0, k1, kfound <strong>in</strong> the formulas (14) and (15).Example 2. Let us solve the equation of Helmholtz(10) (or Kle<strong>in</strong>-Gordon).The <strong>in</strong>itial condition is assigned:(1)u (0, y ) = f1( y ), ux(0, y ) = 0In addition, it is known, that the functions can bepresented <strong>in</strong> the form of series:∞kf1( y ) = ∑ bky.k = 0It is clear that <strong>in</strong> this the case the unknown functionis symmetrical to the axis x .Free coefficients <strong>in</strong> formula (13) will be determ<strong>in</strong>eda = b , a = 0 .from the expressions 0 k k 1kWherewith the solution is∞u ( x, y) = ∑ bk⋅ Mag0,k ( x,y).k = 0Example 3. Further will solve the equation ofHelmholtz (10).Let us exam<strong>in</strong>e the version, when the function of thesolution is completely asymmetric to the axis x .In this case, the <strong>in</strong>itial conditions are the follow<strong>in</strong>g(1)u y = A uxy = f2yand that the functions can be presented <strong>in</strong> the form of∞kseries:f2( y ) = ∑ dky.k = 0Free coefficients <strong>in</strong> formula (13) will be determ<strong>in</strong>edfrom the expressions:(0, ) , (0, ) ( )a = A, a = 0, a = d .00 0 k 1k kWherewith the solution <strong>in</strong> this task will take the form:∞u ( x, y) = A + ∑ dk⋅ Mag1,k ( x,y).k = 0Example 4. The <strong>in</strong>itial conditions are the follow<strong>in</strong>gu (0, y ) = 4 + 2 y , u (0, y ) = 3 + 2 y11 (1) 6xIn this example the exact solution will be obta<strong>in</strong>edby formula (13):( , ) = ( , ) + ( , ) + ⋅ ( , ) + ⋅ ( , )u x y b Mag x y b Mag x y d Mag x y d Mag x y0 0,0 11 0,11 0 1,0 6 1,62 11 2 9 2 2u ( x, y ) = 4 G e(0, w x ) + 2[ y G e(0, wx ) − 55 y x G e(1, w x ) +7 4 2 5 6 2 3 8 2+ 330 (2, ) − 462 (3, ) + 165 (4, ) −y x G e w x y x G e wx y x G e wxyx G e wx xG e wx y xG e w x10 2 2 6 2− 11 (5, )] + 3 (1, ) + 2[ (1, ) −1− y x G e wx + y x G e wx − x G e w x74 3 2 2 5 2 7 25 (2, ) 3 (3, ) (4, )]Annual <strong>Proceed<strong>in</strong>gs</strong> of Vidzeme University College “ICTE <strong>in</strong> Regional Development”, 2006139
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ISBN 9984-633-03-9Annual Proceeding
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“Development of Creative Human -
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TABLE OF CONTENTSINTELLIGENT SYSTEM
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INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR LEARNERS’
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LEARNER 1GROUP OF HUMAN AGENTSLEARN
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QuantityQuantityFigure 6. Distribut
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LEARNERStructure of theconcept mapL
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WEB-BASED INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYST
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materials to be presented and which
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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND E-LEAR
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correspondence with the course aim
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projects and through IT. Hence, it
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APPLICATION OF MODELING METHODS IN
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can support configuration managemen
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The EKD is one of the Enterprise mo
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CHANGES TO TRAINING AND PERSPECTIVE
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or an end, yet none of these attitu
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make decisions. It cannot be volunt
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logs), data and video conferencing
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Ability to follow user’s multi-ta
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CONCLUSIONSEDUSA method gives us a
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in successful SD. Given this situat
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SPATIAL INFORMATIONFor the visualis
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MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES USE IN SERVICES
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learning environment (Learning Mana
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ago only some curricula on Logistic
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The Web-based version can be access
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Web-portal, which incorporates diff
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DO INTELLIGENT OBJECTS AUTOMATICALL
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Table 1. Examples for introducing R
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workable influencing of the process
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are handed over to the objects and
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• Basic processes, such as wareho
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THE ECR E-COACH: A VIRTUAL COACHING
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participating in the workshops and
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• Assessment modules enable indiv
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with pictures and illustrated graph
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ECR Question Banknumber category su
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educational programme that follows
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DEVELOPMENT OF WEB BASED GRAVITY MO
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These results of a model require a
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CONCLUSIONSThe main goal of work ha
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dimension and included within any o
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• Resources sharing by providing
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Pursuant to the guidelines of elect
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tariffs of regulated services have
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- Page 95 and 96: difficult to predict when and for w
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- Page 107 and 108: • The data obtained by the resear
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- Page 111 and 112: departures for 1995 are taken from
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- Page 117 and 118: would be a promising extension. Cur
- Page 119 and 120: AN OVERVIEW OF THE AGENT − BASED
- Page 121 and 122: Suitability for social system simul
- Page 123 and 124: 6. MASONDescription:MASON is a fast
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- Page 127 and 128: could be bad particularly when over
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- Page 131 and 132: • Streaming audio• Collaboratio
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- Page 135 and 136: Up to now, there has only been limi
- Page 137 and 138: aaaaa6= −aa2,1 = − a0,3226= −
- Page 139 and 140: ∂ u∂x∂ u∂y2 2+ b = 02 2wher
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- Page 143: 0,10,20,30,4( )Mag x y y Ge wx2, =
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- Page 151 and 152: Mag1, m , m , m1 2 3= mm1 m2m32 2 2
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- Page 155: CONCLUSIONSThe basic content of thi