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Finally, even today, there are many technologicalpossibilities, but what is to be realized under whichconditions, with which purpose and by when still remainsan open question. Furthermore, this is also describing theneed for ongoing investigation of the necessary orpurposeful information content with the objects: What isthe benefit of having permanent access to all information,of an object knowing everything by itself? How themisuse of information can be avoided?The “Internet of Things” and a self-organized logisticssystem based on autonomous, real-time objects (see TenHompel 2005a) is subject of interdisciplinary research.To let this not become another of those “TechnologyHypes” which will quickly loose importance, but toinitiate lasting positive changes in the logistics processes,truthful cost-benefit analysis have to be carried out andmethodological consequences on logistics and its designhave to be investigated. For this, first approaches can benoticed, but there is still an enormous need for action.REFERENCESBearingPoint GmbH. 2005. Radio FrequencyIdentification (RFID) - Funktionsweise, Einsatzbereicheund Nutzenprofile einer zukunftsweisenden Technologie.White Paper: Consumer, Industrial & Technology.Frankfurt 2005. [on-line] http://www.bearingpoint.de(03.11.2005)Bernhard, J.; Jodin, D.; Hömberg, K. 2005. Standardprozesseals Grundlage für die Informationsbedarfsanalysezur Modellierung von großen Netzen derLogistik. In: Magdeburger Schriften zur Logistik, Heft21, 2005, 3-14.IBM Deutschland and METRO Group. 2005. RFID –Motor für Innovationen. Herrenberg, Düsseldorf, Mai2005.Ibold, C. 2005. Prozessoptimierung durch RFID. [online]http://www.logistik-inside.de/fm/2248/Ibold.pdf(09.01.2006)Kuhn, A. 1995. Prozessketten in der Logistik – Entwicklungstrendsund Umsetzungsstrategien. VerlagPraxiswissen: Dortmund 1995.MyLogistics – Das Logistikportal. 2005. Studie – VieleUnternehmen arbeiten trotz Vorbehalten intensiv aufRFID-Einführung hin. [on-line] http://www.mylogistics.net/de/news/themen/key/news394182/jsp (03.11.2005)Neumann, G. 2005. How to Solve the Puzzle? SimulationSupport for Component-Based Process Design inLogistics. In: Y. Merkuryev, R. Zobel, E. Kerckhoffs(eds.), Proceedings of ECMS 2005 – 19th EuropeanConference on Modelling and Simulation, The EuropeanCouncil for Modelling and Simulation, 2005, 31-36.Schenk, M. und Richter, K. 2005. Logistik intelligentsteuern. In: IFFOCUS – Logistik verbindet, Heft 1/2005,12-16.Schmigalla, H. 1966. Methoden zur Vorausbestimmungdes wirtschaftlichsten räumlichen Strukturtyps und zuroptimalen Gestaltung räumlicher Strukturen desspanenden Fertigung in Maschinenbaubetrieben.Technische Hochschule Magdeburg, Fakultät fürMaschinenbau, Dissertation A, 1966.Scholz-Reiter, B.; Freitag, M.; Rekersbrink, H.; Wenning,B. L.; Gorldt, C.; Echelmeyer, W. 2005. Auf demWeg zur Selbststeuerung in der Logistik – Grundlagenforschungund Praxisprojekte. In: G. Wäscher et al.(Hrsg.); Intelligente Logistikprozesse: Konzepte, Lösungen,Erfahrungen; Begleitband zur 11. MagdeburgerLogistiktagung; LOGiSCH: Magdeburg 2005.Stern, W. 1912. Die psychologischen Methoden der Intelligenzprüfungund deren Anwendung an Schulkindern.In: 5. Kongress der experimentellen Psychologie; Berlin1912.Ten Hompel, M. 2005a. Das Internet der Dinge –autonome Objekte und selbstorganisierende Systeme derLogistik.[on-line]http://www.iml.fraunhofer.de/media/internetderdinge.doc (24.10.2005).Ten Hompel., M. 2005b. Status – Perspektiven – Aspekte.In: Bundesvereinigung Logistik (BVL) e.V. (Hrsg.);Wachstum schaffen – Zukunft gestalten; Kongressbandzum 22. Deutschen Logistik-Kongress Berlin; DeutscherVerkehrs-Verlag: Hamburg 2005, 64-73.Tolujew, J. und Neumann, G. 1998. Variable Tracefilesfür nutzerorientierte Analysen in der Materialflußsimulation.In: Proceedings der Tagung „Simulation und Visualisierung’98“; SCS - Society for Computer SimulationInternational: Delft, Erlangen, Ghent, San Diego1998, 322-333.BIOGRAPHYGaby Neumann received a Ph.D. in Logistics from theUniversity of Magdeburg. She co-ordinates the Europeanlogistics educators network for providing newtechnologies for logistics education inside the EuropeanLogistics Association (ELA-LogNet).Annual Proceedings of Vidzeme University College “ICTE in Regional Development”, 200660
THE ECR E-COACH: A VIRTUAL COACHING ENVIRONMENT TO IMPROVE UNDERSTANDINGAND IMPLEMENTATION OF EFFICIENT CONSUMER RESPONSE IN PRACTICEGaby NeumannOtto-von-Guericke University of MagdeburgP.O. Box 4120, D-39016 Magdeburg, GermanyE-mail: Gaby.Neumann@mb.uni-magdeburg.deStanislaw KrzyzaniakInstitute of Logistics and Warehousing (ILiM)6, ul. Estkowskiego, POL-12345 Poznan, PolandE-mail: Stanislaw.Krzyzaniak@ilim.poznan.plKEYWORDSE-coaching, supply chain management, ECR,intelligent tutoring, problem-based learning, pedagogicaldiagnosis, e-assessment.ABSTRACTEfficient Consumer Response (ECR) is a concept forsupply chain improvement using many methods relatedto supply chain management (SCM). To implement andrun this concept in practice well-trained personnel isneeded closely collaborating throughout the entire supplychain. The ECR e-coach realizes the idea of helping aperson not to learn and gain knowledge directly, but inactively creating and successfully passing individuallearning processes through guidance-on-demand (i.e.coaching) in a virtual environment (e-coaching). Thepaper presents the results of a project aiming to supportthe implementation of ECR strategies in Poland andGermany by providing an e-coach for understanding andimplementing ECR. It discusses didactics implicationsand design rationales taken into consideration, illustratese-coach content and functionality as implemented, andsummarizes lessons learned with regard to trans-national,interdisciplinary collaboration and technologicalchallenges to be mastered.INTRODUCTIONEfficient Consumer Response (ECR) is a concept forsupply chain improvement by collaboratively usingappropriate methods of supply chain management. Itfocuses on increasing the effectiveness of supply chainsand aims at better responding to consumers’ needs atreduced costs along the whole supply chain by closecooperation of all members of the supply chain. Preconditionfor successful ECR implementation is a highlevelinformation flow from the selling point throughoutthe entire supply chain by using common informationstandards. The business partners in the supply chain,from raw material suppliers to the retail business, usethese information for meaningful market analysis,purposeful planning of production processes, distributionand mutual accounts of all elements of the supply chain.With this, the ECR concept provides methods forovercoming existing practical and content-related lacksin sphere of up-to-date solutions for truly integratedcooperation in supply chains and satisfying the hugedemand for such knowledge in the companies (seeLewandowska 2005).ECR has been developed for the distribution part ofthe supply chain, especially within the Fast-MovingConsumer Goods (FMCG) sector. It offers a number ofcomponents, which can be implemented as one wholepackage or – what seems to be common practice –independently over a certain period of time. As in thecase of all supply chain related concepts, putting ECRinto practice is not a kind of the project to be run by asingle company. Instead, its successful implementationrequires close cooperation of all parties involved (i.e.manufacturer and distributor/retailer in general).Consequently, this causes a number of problems andchallenges to be faced and overcome, and calls for goodknowledge and understanding of all relevant ECRcomponents and prerequisites for their efficientapplication. But this is just one side of ECRimplementation issues. The other is that the ECR conceptor at least some of its key elements can be applied asmeasures helping to overcome some general problemsand shortages in a particular supply chain. If this shouldbe the case, guidelines for identifying basic causes andways of most efficient improvements are needed. So,there is no doubt that to facilitate all ECRimplementation and execution activities companies mustbe offered a comprehensive training support.From the didactics point of view this training supportshould be based upon a constructivist design, whichassumes that in principle knowledge cannot be impartedAnnual Proceedings of Vidzeme University College “ICTE in Regional Development”, 200661
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ISBN 9984-633-03-9Annual Proceeding
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“Development of Creative Human -
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TABLE OF CONTENTSINTELLIGENT SYSTEM
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INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR LEARNERS’
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LEARNER 1GROUP OF HUMAN AGENTSLEARN
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QuantityQuantityFigure 6. Distribut
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LEARNERStructure of theconcept mapL
Page 15 and 16: WEB-BASED INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYST
Page 17 and 18: materials to be presented and which
Page 19 and 20: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND E-LEAR
Page 21 and 22: correspondence with the course aim
Page 23 and 24: projects and through IT. Hence, it
Page 25 and 26: APPLICATION OF MODELING METHODS IN
Page 27 and 28: can support configuration managemen
Page 29 and 30: The EKD is one of the Enterprise mo
Page 31 and 32: CHANGES TO TRAINING AND PERSPECTIVE
Page 33 and 34: or an end, yet none of these attitu
Page 35 and 36: make decisions. It cannot be volunt
Page 37 and 38: logs), data and video conferencing
Page 39 and 40: Ability to follow user’s multi-ta
Page 41 and 42: CONCLUSIONSEDUSA method gives us a
Page 43 and 44: in successful SD. Given this situat
Page 45 and 46: SPATIAL INFORMATIONFor the visualis
Page 47 and 48: MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES USE IN SERVICES
Page 49 and 50: learning environment (Learning Mana
Page 51 and 52: ago only some curricula on Logistic
Page 53 and 54: The Web-based version can be access
Page 55 and 56: Web-portal, which incorporates diff
Page 57 and 58: DO INTELLIGENT OBJECTS AUTOMATICALL
Page 59 and 60: Table 1. Examples for introducing R
Page 61 and 62: workable influencing of the process
Page 63 and 64: are handed over to the objects and
Page 65: • Basic processes, such as wareho
Page 69 and 70: participating in the workshops and
Page 71 and 72: • Assessment modules enable indiv
Page 73 and 74: with pictures and illustrated graph
Page 75 and 76: ECR Question Banknumber category su
Page 77 and 78: educational programme that follows
Page 79 and 80: DEVELOPMENT OF WEB BASED GRAVITY MO
Page 81 and 82: These results of a model require a
Page 83 and 84: CONCLUSIONSThe main goal of work ha
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Page 87 and 88: • Resources sharing by providing
Page 89 and 90: Pursuant to the guidelines of elect
Page 91 and 92: tariffs of regulated services have
Page 93 and 94: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR MOTIVATI
Page 95 and 96: difficult to predict when and for w
Page 97 and 98: Listeners' workon the WebListenersS
Page 99 and 100: PERSPECTIVES OF WEB PAGE AND E-MAIL
Page 101 and 102: INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF INTERNETU
Page 103 and 104: tourism accommodations (home pages
Page 105 and 106: interactive relationships with clie
Page 107 and 108: • The data obtained by the resear
Page 109 and 110: Central Statistical Bureau of Latvi
Page 111 and 112: departures for 1995 are taken from
Page 113 and 114: 120100maximumworldminimum806040200-
Page 115 and 116: 140120maximumworldminimum1008060402
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would be a promising extension. Cur
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AN OVERVIEW OF THE AGENT − BASED
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Suitability for social system simul
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6. MASONDescription:MASON is a fast
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Suitability for social system simul
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could be bad particularly when over
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(for 10 repeat &| CCar[]->runfor);P
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• Streaming audio• Collaboratio
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NECESSITY OF NEW LAYERED APPROACH T
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Up to now, there has only been limi
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aaaaa6= −aa2,1 = − a0,3226= −
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∂ u∂x∂ u∂y2 2+ b = 02 2wher
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a6,3= −2030a4,5−130a4,3- - - -
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0,10,20,30,4( )Mag x y y Ge wx2, =
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Example 1. To understand better the
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Therefore, further the following co
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SOLUTION OF THE THREE-DIMENSIONALEQ
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Mag1, m , m , m1 2 3= mm1 m2m32 2 2
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MagMag0, m , m , m1 2 31, m , m , m
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CONCLUSIONSThe basic content of thi
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