738 Series Bf196–211 Bf SOCIAL INSURANCE AND PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE Bf196–211 <strong>Public</strong> expenditures on social welfare, by federal or state–local source of funds: 1890–1995 Continued Federal funds State <strong>and</strong> local funds Health <strong>and</strong> Other social Health <strong>and</strong> Other social <strong>Social</strong> medical Veterans’ welfare <strong>Social</strong> medical Veterans’ welfare Total insurance <strong>Public</strong> aid programs programs Education Housing programs Total insurance <strong>Public</strong> aid programs programs Education Housing programs Bf196 Bf197 Bf198 Bf199 Bf200 Bf201 Bf202 Bf203 Bf204 Bf205 Bf206 Bf207 Bf208 Bf209 Bf210 Bf211 Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Year dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars 1965 37,591.2 21,806.7 3,593.9 2,660.0 6,010.7 2,469.8 238.1 812.0 39,492.6 6,316.1 2,689.5 3,495.0 20.4 25,638.0 80.0 1,253.6 1966 45,242.7 1 25,663.6 4,366.0 3,010.0 6,337.0 1 4,580.5 250.8 1,034.8 42,560.1 6,271.0 2,935.1 3,730.0 21.3 28,244.6 84.1 1,274.0 1967 53,173.9 30,544.8 5,244.4 3,588.0 6,875.2 5,278.8 283.0 1,359.7 46,291.2 6,793.9 3,566.6 3,795.0 23.1 30,529.0 94.8 1,488.8 1968 60,168.3 35,390.0 6,455.1 4,087.0 7,214.2 5,000.3 325.1 1,696.6 53,385.1 7,350.4 4,636.5 4,085.0 32.5 35,589.4 102.5 1,588.8 1969 68,146.3 40,847.4 7,829.0 4,334.0 7,883.0 4,922.9 425.5 1,904.5 58,824.4 7,924.7 5,610.1 4,494.0 50.6 38,750.2 106.8 1,888.0 1970 77,130.1 45,245.6 9,648.6 4,568.0 8,951.6 5,875.8 581.6 2,258.9 68,425.0 9,445.6 6,839.2 5,038.0 126.5 44,969.7 119.6 1,886.4 1971 92,346.8 1 53,902.6 12,990.3 4,909.0 10,330.1 1 6,597.4 871.1 1 2,746.3 78,909.9 12,466.2 8,271.7 5,528.0 124.9 50,107.3 175.1 2,236.7 1972 105,869.6 61,248.5 16,291.3 5,865.0 11,405.2 6,721.3 1,183.2 3,155.1 84,445.6 13,560.9 9,786.9 5,959.0 117.1 52,663.8 149.2 2,208.7 1973 122,154.3 72,248.8 18,061.0 6,286.0 12,903.3 7,359.6 1,749.7 3,545.9 91,139.6 1 13,916.8 10,630.4 6,513.0 123.1 57,374.1 429.9 2,152.3 1 1974 136,723.5 82,832.3 20,387.7 6,677.0 13,873.8 7,041.5 2,009.1 3,902.1 101,918.1 1 16,169.1 11,132.7 7,521.0 238.6 63,492.4 544.9 2,819.4 1 1975 166,884.2 99,715.0 27,275.8 7,890.0 16,569.8 8,629.3 2,540.7 4,263.6 122,288.8 23,298.1 14,170.8 8,852.0 449.1 72,204.8 631.0 2,683.0 1976 196,672.6 1 119,600.2 32,670.1 1 9,079.0 18,796.1 9,023.2 2,906.0 4,598.0 134,941.2 1 26,103.2 16,353.3 1 9,277.0 161.9 78,706.5 464.8 3,874.5 1977 217,895.5 134,744.7 35,655.2 9,419.0 18,860.6 9,741.0 4,005.5 5,469.5 142,563.3 1 26,138.6 18,157.2 1 10,022.0 153.7 84,137.3 352.6 3,601.9 1978 239,788.7 1 147,364.7 40,392.5 10,724.0 19,570.3 1 10,900.8 4,887.3 5,949.1 154,476.9 1 27,724.9 19,533.3 1 11,477.0 173.7 90,617.0 337.4 4,613.6 1979 263,446.2 163,879.3 44,247.2 11,282.0 20,411.9 12,108.0 5,069.2 6,448.6 166,620.7 1 30,408.2 21,059.8 1 12,758.0 189.7 97,153.5 423.9 4,627.6 1980 303,165.5 191,162.0 49,394.2 12,840.0 21,253.6 13,452.2 6,277.6 8,785.9 189,548.2 38,592.4 23,308.9 14,423.0 211.9 107,597.4 601.4 4,813.2 1981 345,179.5 1 224,573.5 56,818.1 13,837.0 23,228.8 1 13,372.4 6,045.2 1 7,304.5 207,703.3 42,821.3 26,815.9 15,751.0 212.1 116,736.1 688.3 4,678.6 1982 370,172.2 250,551.4 53,434.1 14,883.0 24,462.8 11,916.9 8,423.8 6,500.2 231,172.7 1 52,063.4 28,772.1 1 17,987.0 245.3 126,172.4 778.3 5,154.2 1983 402,252.0 274,315.4 57,834.8 15,153.0 25,561.0 12,399.3 9,960.5 7,028.0 246,977.1 56,845.8 30,495.9 18,937.0 240.9 134,016.1 1,003.0 5,438.4 1984 421,194.1 288,742.6 59,868.1 16,029.0 25,969.8 13,009.5 10,225.9 7,349.2 256,918.0 52,377.6 33,111.3 19,693.0 305.1 144,179.4 1,305.9 5,945.7 1985 450,790.6 1 310,174.7 63,479.9 18,029.0 26,703.8 1 13,796.2 11,058.8 7,548.2 281,458.9 59,420.5 34,881.9 21,024.0 337.9 158,251.3 1,539.7 6,003.6 1986 472,761.8 1 326,016.3 67,299.1 19,440.0 27,072.1 15,022.4 10,089.6 1 7,822.3 308,963.4 64,753.8 36,901.1 24,513.0 372.8 174,212.2 1,872.2 6,338.3 1987 497,932.1 342,932.7 70,934.9 20,813.0 27,640.8 16,062.0 11,044.2 8,504.5 336,189.8 69,941.2 41,180.2 27,254.0 410.0 188,501.7 2,129.3 6,773.4 1988 527,470.8 1 360,268.1 75,989.6 22,875.0 29,254.4 16,966.4 14,005.9 8,111.4 360,480.4 73,783.2 43,733.8 30,221.0 409.0 202,415.8 2,550.0 7,367.6 1989 565,107.9 1 387,286.5 1 81,730.7 1 24,117.0 29,638.2 1 18,659.9 15,183.9 8,491.7 392,286.7 80,765.2 46,879.1 33,006.0 465.5 220,111.1 2,942.8 8,117.0 1990 616,640.6 422,256.6 92,858.5 27,206.0 30,427.7 18,374.0 16,612.4 8,905.4 432,310.2 91,565.2 53,952.6 34,478.0 488.5 239,957.6 2,856.1 9,012.2 1991 676,384.2 453,534.4 113,234.9 29,672.0 32,331.2 19,084.5 18,696.1 9,831.1 483,242.2 107,640.8 68,099.5 36,138.0 526.1 258,062.6 2,826.5 9,948.7 1992 750,237.3 496,075.6 138,703.7 31,685.0 35,087.2 20,059.6 17,949.6 10,676.6 516,629.8 122,863.2 69,249.3 38,429.0 554.8 272,011.0 2,667.6 10,854.9 1993 805,335.7 534,211.9 151,850.5 33,189.0 35,806.3 20,454.9 18,984.8 10,838.3 561,418.4 124,998.0 69,149.3 41,528.0 572.0 311,541.9 1,797.5 11,831.7 1994 852,875.7 557,320.7 162,674.7 34,770.0 37,261.6 24,084.2 24,987.2 11,777.3 582,943.6 126,458.0 75,350.6 45,465.0 633.2 320,006.8 2,044.8 12,985.2 1995 888,357.3 579,803.7 170,260.0 36,767.0 38,384.9 23,472.0 27,276.0 12,393.7 616,779.1 125,679.6 83,270.0 48,740.0 687.1 342,153.3 2,085.1 14,164.0 1 Revised figure. See text for Table Bf188–195. Sources Estimates presented for 1890 <strong>and</strong> 1913 were primarily based on the following: R. A. Musgrave <strong>and</strong> J. J. Culbertson, “The Growth of <strong>Public</strong> Expenditures in the U.S., 1890–1948,” National Tax Journal (June 1953): 97–115; J. Frederic Dewhurst <strong>and</strong> Associates, America’s Needs <strong>and</strong> Resources (Twentieth Century Fund, 1955); <strong>and</strong> reports of official agencies. Data for 1929–1989, U.S. <strong>Social</strong> Security Administration, <strong>Social</strong> Welfare Expenditures under <strong>Public</strong> Programs in the United States, 1929–90 (July 1995); Ann Kallman Bixby, “<strong>Public</strong> <strong>Social</strong> Welfare Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1992,” <strong>Social</strong> Security Bulletin 58 (2) (1995): 65– 73. Data for 1990–1995 come from Ann Kallman Bixby, “<strong>Public</strong> <strong>Social</strong> Welfare Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1994,” <strong>Social</strong> Security Bulletin 60 (3) (1997): 43–4; <strong>and</strong> Ann Kallman Bixby, “<strong>Public</strong> <strong>Social</strong> Welfare Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1995,” <strong>Social</strong> Security Bulletin 62 (2) (1999): 89, 90. More detailed breakdowns for all of the programs in Tables Bf212–270 from 1929 through 1989 are available in these sources, as well. See the text for Table Bf188–195 for further discussion of the sources. Documentation Federal grants-in-aid are classified as expenditures from federal funds (contrary to the practice in the national income accounts, which include them as expenditures from state <strong>and</strong> local funds). Benefit payments under the state unemployment insurance programs are classified as expenditures from state funds (in the national income accounts, they are classified as federal expenditures, based on the fact that the state unemployment insurance trust funds are held <strong>and</strong> invested by the Secretary of the Treasury). Federal grants to the states for the administration of unemployment insurance <strong>and</strong> the employment service are classified as expenditures from federal funds, as are the benefits paid under the temporary extended unemployment insurance acts of 1958 <strong>and</strong> 1961. The expenditures for state <strong>and</strong> federal funds for each category should sum to the expenditures reported for each category in Table Bf188–195. In some cases during the period 1990 through 1995, there are disparities. The differences arise because revisions for Table Bf188–195 have been reported later than revisions for Table Bf196–211.
SOCIAL WELFARE EXPENDITURES Series Bf212–224 739 TABLE Bf212–224 <strong>Public</strong> expenditures on social welfare – social insurance: 1929–1995 Contributed by Price V. Fishback <strong>and</strong> Melissa A. Thomasson Old-Age, Survivors, Disability, <strong>and</strong> State temporary disability Health <strong>Insurance</strong> (OASDHI) insurance Workers’ compensation Old-Age, Unemployment Railroad Survivors, <strong>and</strong> Health <strong>Public</strong> insurance <strong>and</strong> Railroad temporary On hospital On hospital Disability <strong>Insurance</strong> Railroad employee employment unemployment disability <strong>and</strong> medical <strong>and</strong> medical Total Total <strong>Insurance</strong> (Medicare) Retirement retirement services insurance insurance Total benefits Total benefits Bf212 Bf213 Bf214 Bf215 Bf216 Bf217 Bf218 Bf219 Bf220 Bf221 Bf222 Bf223 Bf224 Year Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars 1929 342.4 — — — — 113.1 — — — — — 229.3 75.0 1930 360.9 — — — — 122.1 — — — — — 238.8 75.0 1931 368.3 — — — — 135.6 — — — — — 232.7 75.0 1932 355.3 — — — — 146.4 — — — — — 209.0 68.0 1933 343.9 — — — — 163.6 — — — — — 180.3 58.0 1934 361.8 — — — — 186.2 — — — — — 172.7 55.0 1935 406.3 — — — — 208.8 — — — — — 188.4 65.0 1936 455.6 0.5 0.5 — 0.6 233.0 17.6 — — — — 204.0 73.0 1937 545.2 19.5 19.5 — 5.8 244.2 45.1 — — — — 230.6 75.0 1938 848.6 26.1 26.1 — 85.5 256.8 236.2 — — — — 244.0 80.0 1939 1,181.2 36.5 36.5 — 110.0 269.5 516.7 1.7 — — — 246.7 80.0 1940 1,271.8 40.4 40.4 — 116.8 283.4 553.0 18.9 — — — 259.2 90.0 1941 1,330.0 91.2 91.2 — 124.7 297.9 507.0 21.1 — — — 288.1 98.0 1942 1,375.6 137.0 137.0 — 129.5 322.0 451.8 11.4 — — — 323.8 104.0 1943 1,258.7 176.8 176.8 — 133.7 305.4 281.2 3.9 — 0.8 — 356.8 110.0 1944 1,255.7 217.2 217.2 — 137.6 331.7 173.5 3.7 — 4.6 — 387.3 116.0 1945 1,409.4 266.8 266.8 — 145.0 355.0 216.7 4.3 — 5.1 — 416.6 122.0 1946 3,652.1 357.9 357.9 — 156.5 412.6 2,255.9 24.2 — 4.8 — 440.0 132.0 1947 4,160.0 466.4 466.4 — 177.8 510.1 2,453.7 51.2 — 15.6 — 485.2 150.0 1948 3,602.8 559.1 559.1 — 229.8 579.5 1,600.8 35.9 28.6 33.3 — 535.7 168.0 1949 4,185.8 660.5 660.5 — 287.9 649.1 1,876.2 50.5 32.0 50.0 — 579.6 180.0 1950 4,946.6 784.1 784.1 — 306.4 817.9 2,190.1 119.6 31.1 72.1 2.2 625.1 193.0 1951 4,772.2 1,568.5 1,568.5 — 321.8 920.0 1,062.8 28.3 28.9 142.7 9.8 699.2 216.0 1952 5,671.0 2,067.0 2,067.0 — 400.4 998.7 1,189.4 26.3 27.7 174.7 12.2 786.8 245.0 1953 6,607.3 2,716.9 2,716.9 — 466.5 1,123.5 1,143.2 57.8 45.4 198.0 14.9 856.1 270.0 1954 8,264.7 3,364.2 3,364.2 — 518.0 1,250.6 1,871.8 100.4 46.6 210.5 17.6 902.5 295.0 1955 9,834.9 4,436.3 4,436.3 — 556.0 1,388.5 2,080.6 158.7 54.2 217.5 20.0 943.0 315.0 1956 10,646.1 5,485.2 5,485.2 — 607.5 1,577.3 1,623.5 59.7 52.3 232.7 22.4 1,007.9 335.0 1957 12,471.8 6,665.9 6,665.9 — 685.5 1,785.3 1,841.6 88.1 52.0 269.8 26.3 1,083.6 355.0 1958 15,956.7 8,221.1 8,221.1 — 729.9 2,026.3 3,302.5 176.0 54.7 304.1 31.9 1,142.2 370.0 1959 18,286.5 9,615.9 9,615.9 — 790.2 2,342.5 3,731.1 200.2 57.0 327.0 38.4 1,222.7 390.0 1960 19,306.7 11,032.3 11,032.3 — 934.7 2,569.9 2,829.6 215.2 68.5 347.9 40.2 1,308.5 420.0 1961 22,364.9 12,160.8 12,160.8 — 996.1 2,870.2 4,280.0 213.4 58.0 385.2 43.8 1,401.4 450.0 1962 24,193.8 13,984.8 13,984.8 — 1,036.9 3,189.7 3,853.8 163.2 56.8 407.1 45.5 1,501.4 475.0 1963 25,613.5 15,344.6 15,344.6 — 1,077.3 3,569.3 3,390.6 122.8 52.8 444.2 48.4 1,611.8 510.0 1964 26,971.3 16,201.1 16,201.1 — 1,107.3 4,056.7 3,273.8 92.6 50.1 467.7 50.4 1,722.0 545.0 1965 28,122.8 16,997.5 16,997.5 — 1,128.1 4,528.5 3,002.6 76.7 46.5 483.5 50.9 1,859.4 580.0 1966 31,934.6 20,295.2 20,231.6 63.6 1,211.6 5,145.4 2,662.4 52.4 42.6 507.5 54.3 2,017.5 640.0 1967 37,338.7 24,580.7 21,186.1 3,394.6 1,278.4 5,903.6 2,752.2 38.5 38.4 529.6 53.7 2,217.3 715.0 1968 42,740.4 28,748.4 23,401.2 5,347.2 1,416.6 6,581.9 2,928.6 46.2 36.1 574.3 54.6 2,408.3 790.0 1969 48,772.1 33,388.7 26,791.0 6,597.7 1,550.7 7,493.8 2,947.1 44.3 58.5 648.1 57.7 2,640.9 875.0 Note appears at end of table (continued)
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