Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology 4e

FIGURE 14.3 Groundwater deposition in caverns.
Stalactite
Stalagmite
Limestone
column
Time
Stalactites grow downward from the roof; stalagmites grow upward from
the floor. Columns form when stalactites and stalagmites merge.
EXERCISE 14.3
Karst Topography
Name:
Course:
Section:
Date:
In this exercise, we’ll examine one of the classic karst areas in the United States, the Mammoth Cave area of Kentucky, to
help you become familiar with groundwater erosional landscapes. Compare the topographic map of this area (FIG. 14.4)
with the diagrams in Figure 14.2 showing how karst features develop.
(a) This area receives a moderate amount of rainfall, yet there are very few streams. Suggest an explanation for this
phenomenon (which is a characteristic of nearly all karst regions).
(b) Look for changes in topographic grain (texture) across the map area. Draw lines separating places with different
topographic textures.
(c) Describe the topography in the southernmost quarter of the area. What karst features are present?
(d) Some of the circular depressions in this part of the map are partially filled with water. Suggest an origin for these
lakes (we will return to this point in question g).
(continued )
368 CHAPTER 14 GROUNDWATER AS A LANDSCAPE FORMER AND RESOURCE