Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology 4e

CREDITS
Line Art Permissions
Figure 15.17: Figure: “The 800 year lag – graphed,” from
JoNova.com. Reprinted by permission of Joanne Nova.
Figure 18.7: Figure: “Ice cores reveal fluctuations in the
Earth’s greenhouse gases,” NBI.com, May 14, 2008. Reprinted
with permission of the Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels
Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, http://
www.iceandclimate.nbi.ku.dk.
Figure 18.13a: “Graph of estimated extinction rates 1500-2014,”
Figure 1 in “Accelerated modern human-induced species losses:
Entering the sixth mass extinction,” by Gerardo Ceballos, et al.
Science Advances 1:5 (June 19, 2015). Copyright © 2015. Some
rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the
Advancement of Science. Reprinted with permission.
Photos
Author Photos: (Ludman): Courtesy of Elaine Ludman;
(Marshak): Courtesy of Michael DeLucia.
Chapter 1
Page: 1: Meinzahn/Getty Images; p. 2: Corey Templeton;
p. 7: NASA; p. 16 (left): WilcoUK/Shutterstock; (right): The
Natural History Museum/Alamy Stock Photo; p. 18 (b): Dr.
Stephen Hughes, Coastal Hydraulic Laboratories; (c): Pete
McBride/National Geographic Creative; p. 20 (both): Courtesy
of Stephen Marshak; p. 21 (left): Courtesy of Allan Ludman;
(right): Courtesy of Stephen Marshak; p. 22: © 2017 Google
Image Landsat/Copernicus.
Chapter 2
Page 25: Buurserstraat386/Dreamstime.com; p. 29: NGDC/
NOAA; p. 38 (both): Marine Geoscience Data System/National
Science Foundation; p. 40: NGDC/NOAA; p. 49: The Protected
Art Archive/Alamy Stock Photo; p. 52: © 2017 Google Image
Landsat/Copernicus.
Chapter 3
Page 53: Javier Trueba/MSF/Science Source; p. 58 (top left):
Ross Frid/Visuals Unlimited, Inc.; (top right): Mark Schneider/Visuals
Unlimited, Inc.; (bottom left): Ken Larsen/
Smithsonian, National Museum of Natural History; (bottom
right): Mark Schneider/Visuals Unlimited, Inc.; p. 59 (both):
Courtesy of Allan Ludman; p. 61 (all): Courtesy of Paul Brandes;
p. 62 (a): Breck P. Kent/JLM Visuals; (b): Ken Lucas/Visuals
Unlimited, Inc.; (c): R. Weller/Cochise College; (d): Mark
Schneider/ Visuals Unlimited, Inc.; (e): Courtesy of Allan
Ludman; (f): Millard H. Sharp/Science Source; (g): Mark
Schneider/Visuals Unlimited Inc.; (h): 1993 Jeff Scovil; p. 63
(left): Coldmoon Photoproject/Shutterstock; (right): Biophoto
Associates/Science Source; p. 64 (1): R. Weller/Cochise College;
(2-3): Courtesy of Paul Brandes; (4): Courtesy of Allan
Ludman; (5): Courtesy of Paul Brandes; p. 74: © 2017 Google.
Chapter 4
Page 89 (left): Rafael Laguillo/Dreamstime.com; (center): Dirk
Wiersma/Science Source; (right): Les Palenik/ Dreamstime
.com; p. 93 (a): Courtesy of Stephen Marshak; (b): Doug Martin/
Science Source; (c-d): Courtesy of Stephen Marshak; (e): Tyler
Boyes/Shutterstock; p. 94 (a-c): Marli Bryant Miller, University of
Oregon; (d): Lee Rentz/Alamy Stock Photo; p. 95: (top, both):
Courtesy of Stephen Marshak; (center, left): Rafael Laguillo/
Dreamstime.com; (center, right): Courtesy of Allan Ludman;
(bottom): R. Weller/Cochise College; p. 107 (top): SAPhotog/
Shutterstock; (bottom right): TheSoon/Shutterstock; (bottom
left): De Agostini/Getty Images; p. 108 (top left): Steve
Vidler/SuperStock; (top right): imageBROKER/Shutterstock;
(bottom): Shutterstock; p. 109 (top left): imageBROKER/
Alamy Stock Photo; (top right): Ian Dagnall/Alamy Stock
Photo; (bottom): Michele Burgess/Alamy Stock Photo; p. 110:
Image © 2017 CNES/Airbus/© 2017 Google/Image © 2017
DigitalGlobe.
Chapter 5
Page 111: BRUCE OMORI/PARADISE HELICOPTERS/
EPA-EFE/Shutterstock; p. 115 (a): Courtesy of Allan Ludman;
(b): Albert Copley/Visuals Unlimited, Inc.; (c): Courtesy of
Allan Ludman; p. 117 (a): Dirk Wiersma/Science Source;
(b): Mike McNamee/Science Source; (c): Courtesy of Stephen
Marshak; (d): alberto_blu/Shutterstock; p. 118 (top): John
Cancalosi/Alamy Stock Photo; (bottom left): Courtesy of Stephen
Marshak; (bottom right): Marli Bryant Miller, University
of Oregon; p. 119 (a): Courtesy of Allan Ludman; (b): Courtesy
of Douglas W. Rankin; (c): Courtesy of Allan Ludman; p. 120
(left to right): Courtesy of Allan Ludman; Albert Copley/Visuals
Unlimited, Inc.; Courtesy of Allan Ludman; Courtesy of
Allan Ludman; Courtesy of Stephen Marshak; Courtesy of Stephen
Marshak; Courtesy of Allan Ludman; p. 126 (left): Marli
Miller/Visuals Unlimited; (right): Courtesy of Allan Ludman;
p. 128 (top): Terese Loeb Kreuzer/Alamy Stock Photo; (bottom):
Courtesy of Allan Ludman; p. 132: Zack Frank/Shutterstock;
p. 133 (a): Bernd Mellmann/Alamy Stock Photo; (b): Dr.
Richard Roscoe/Visuals Unlimited, Inc.; (c): Dr. Richard Roscoe/Visuals
Unlimited, Inc.; (d): suronin/Shutterstock; p. 135
(a): Steven J. Kazlowski/Alamy Stock Photo; (b): Jack Repcheck;
(c): Alberto Garcia/Redux; (d): Matthew Oldfield Editorial
Photography/Alamy Stock Photo; p. 136 (both): GRANGER
– All rights reserved; p. 138: Image courtesy NASA/GSFC/
MITI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team;
p. 140: © 2017 Google Image Landsat/Copernicus.
Chapter 6
Page 143: Dreamstime.com; p. 145: R. Weller/Cochise College;
p. 146 (top): R. Weller/Cochise College; (bottom): Joel
Arem/Science Source; p. 151 (left): Dr. Marli Miller, Visuals
Unlimited, Inc.; (right): © Kavring/Dreamstime.com; p. 158
(a): Courtesy of Allan Ludman; (b): Michael P. Gadomski/
Science Source; (c): Courtesy of Allan Ludman; p. 159 (both):
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