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- 206 Ongkosongo, O.S.R. l9gt. Human activities and their environnentel inrpacte m the coasts of lndmesia, p.67-74. In Proc. Workshop m C-oastal Aree Development and Management in Aeia and the pacif-ic.Tt;il", enitippinLs, ]-I2 December 1979. Eest-Wect Center, Hmolulu palagenas, V.P. and R.T. Bina. 1981. Merine park/reserve developncnt program in the p6lippines. Pper presented a! qe_ National imference an the Cmservation of NEtural Resources, Manila, Philippines, 9-12 December l98lt I5 p' polunin, N.V.C., M.K. Hatim and K. kvalvagnaes.-- 1981. Bali Berat: an Indonegian marlne protected area and its resources. Biol. Conserv' [In press] porter, IW., K.G. Porber end Z.B. Catalan. 1977. Quantitative sarnpling of Indo-Pacific denersal reef plankton. Proc. ]rd Int' Coral Reef Symp' l: 105-Il2' Rashid, R. 1980. Coral reefs - the case for conservation. SEKITAR ZQLJ)I tl$-46' Robinson, A., N. Polunin, K. Kvalvagnaes and fvl Halim. 1981. Progress in creating a marine .L".tu" tyti"t in Indonesia. Bull. Mar' Sci' 3L(\z 774-785' Ronquillo, LA. 1950. Anatomical evidence in cases of fish killed by explosives' Bull' Fish' Soc. PhilipP. Lt 52-56. Rmquilto, I.A. 1961. Effecte of exploeives on fish end how to detect them' souvenir Handbook (Iatn Anniversary) of the Philippine Bureau of Fisheries, p' 17')9' Salvat, B. (ed.). Ig82. Census of existing coral reef parks and reserves' coral Reef NewsletLer (IUCN) No. 4: Lt-17. Sharma, R.E. I95I. Malayan coral reefs. Malay. Nat. .1 (SPecial lssue): 224-229' Scaiarto, A. 1975. The impact of human aclivities upon the coastal environnent in lndonesia' p. lfI-II}. In Special Symposium on Marine Sciences, Pacific Science Assoc" Hmgkong' Soegiarto, A. 1981. The development of a marine park system in tndonesia' Proc' 4th Int' Coral Reef SYmP. Iz 287-29L. Soegiarto, A. and N. Polunin. 1981. The marine environnenL of Indonesia' Report prepared for the governrnent ;f the Republic of lndonesia under the sponsorship of t]re lnternational Union for Conservation of Nature (I|CN) and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF)' Department of Zoo\ogy, University of Cambridge for IUCN and WWF, 257 p' srithunya, s., 5. Muchacheep, s. srirattanachai, and V. Harden. I98l' Pattern of distribution and correlat"o p"r".rtlrs' of corals in coral reefs at Koa Larn, Chonburi, Thailand (a preliminary report). Proc. 4th Int. Coral Reef Symp' 2z JO9-JL1' Sudara, 5. 1977. Preliminary survey on the possible effect of pollution -from offshore mining on coral reef at phuket, p. zgg-ios. In Annual symposium on Mining, Banqkokr 1977' sudara, s. 1981. cmditions of the coral reef in Thailand and the potential usaqe in the future. Proc. 4th Int. Coral Reef Symp' l: 209-211' Sy, J.C., F.S. Herrera and ]W. McManus. 1981. Coral community structure- of a frinqing reef at Mactan Island, cebu, Philippines. Proc. 4th lnt. coral Reef symp' ?z 263'269' unar, M. 1979. Coral reefs as marine parks and the consideration for their fishery resources' Bio Indonesia No. 6z 55-6L. Valencia, M.J. I98la. Shipping, energy' and environnent: south-East Asian perspeetives f.or the l9g0s" Wonkshop report UmeO J'p"p"rr presented and discussions at a Workshop at the East-West cent";,imolulu, Hawaii, r'o-iz December 1980' East-West Center' Hmolulu' 25 p.
- 207 Valencia, lrt J. I98Ib. South-East Asia: an werview, p. lI-21. In Pmc. Workehop m Coastal Area beveloprmnt and Managernent in Asia anA fne Pmif-ic, Manila, Philippines, t-Lz December 1979. East-West Center, Hmolulu" Verstappen, f,T. 195). Djakarta Bay: a geomorphological study m shoreline developncnt. Drukkerij Trio, re-Gravenhager l0l p. White, d 1981. Manegenrent of Philippine marine parks. TCLARM Newsl 4(l): 17-18. Wijsman-Best, M, l-l Motl, and LG. de Klerk. 1981.. Present ststus of the eoral rcefg in the Spermonde Archipelago (South Sulawesi, Indonegia). Pmc. 4th Int. Coral Reef Symp. l: 26t-267. Wood, C.R. 1979. The occurrences 8nd distribution of butterflyfishes (Piecesr Cheetodontide) in Sabatr. Malay. Nat. I i5(2)r 87-LO1, Wood, E.M. 1979. Ecological study of corel reefs in Sabah. Wmld Wildlife Fund, Pmject Malaysia: 15, L6t p. lUrpubliahed] Wmd, E.M., (ed.). 198I. Semponna Merine Park $rvey: expedition report end recommendations. WWF Project No. MAL/14. Wmld Wildlife Fund Malaysia, Kuela Lunpur, 90 p. [Urpublished] Yap, F[T. and E.D. Gornez. I98I. Gmwth of Aeropora pulchra (Brook) in Bolinao, Pangasinant Philippines. Pmc. 4th Int. Coral Reef Symp. 2z 2O7-2L1.
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@) UtIITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROG
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a' a @) UNITED NATIONS ENVI RONMENT
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L -iii- CONTENTS SOUTH PACIFIC REGI
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-I SOTJTH PACIFTC REGIO{
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TI-E SOUTH PACIFIC REGIOT.IAL ENVIR
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Immediate priorities -5 The Action
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DEVELOPMENT THEORIES IN THE PACIFIC
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-9 On the other hand, if any collec
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-tr Working through the list in rev
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-tl THE POTENTIAL Fm, MANAGEMENT ff
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-15 Islands, of course, vary in the
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-r7 REFERENCES Dq!!, A.L 1980. Regi
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?r) The si tuation is very differen
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-22 land for cultivation. Plantatio
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-24 Other examples of this form of
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_26 rrtnenagetnent') will become rx
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-29 PEFLE POTENTIALS IN TFE PACIFIC
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-tL TABLE 2 - Proiected inereara in
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-t3 Ssne of the Pacific countrieg r
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-t5 A rumber of features sppear to
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-t7 A PERSPECTIVE C.I I-T.JMAN I-EA
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-t9 The efforts commenced throughou
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-4r of real improvements must be pa
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mmhg t70 rco r50 t20 I roo -4t Figu
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-45 The changes described above can
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ot - E E 60 -47 Figure 4 Age 0 15 2
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Diabetes -49 Diabetes is a common c
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-51 Table 4 : Age-Standardized Prev
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-5t REFERENCES Finau, 9. A. S 4. l?
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AN]€X I -55 DECLARATION tr ALMA A
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c o EN Jl' (U o, ,o -ts m = o, -r,
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SL o 'or =o 60 sub s tr uc tur e |
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-62 Figure ) : Coral atoll (hslf wi
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Rain Wetar -g Srnplescollectedfromr
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pH 7.5 7.' Ca Wall Management t07 l
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u Introduction -69 POLLUTION PROBLE
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4. 5. 7I Persirtence and Movement i
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-13 In Kiribati, however, me exarnp
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-75 FISIfRY POTENTIALS IN TI.IE TRO
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-77 transition into depths exceedin
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lrJ Ez =g P3 qB f,tl s9 LU t.
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-8I in longline fishing effort woul
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-81 REFERENCES ANONyMOUS. 1975. Rep
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-85 Tl-E cHALLEl.lcE ff coNsERvIlG
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-87 e$enlial to these peoples' surv
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-90 at,olls in bhe tropieal South P
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-92 Biogeographic provinces in the
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_94 Variability in the physical, ch
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-96 Salvat (1980), m the other hand
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-98 Table I : Intentional rnarine c
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Irprcvcd hervcrtlng tcctnologicr -
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- r02 REFERENCES Alcala, A.C. 1976.
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- 104 Ladd, FlS. 1971. Bikini and E
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- 106 Salvat, B. 1980. The living r
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lndustrial Wood Demand and Supply -
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-IIO- the survivel of agriculiure.
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-LIz- adaptability. If that capacit
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Il5 TR@ICAL FORESTRY IN MELANESIA A
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Natural forest cover - r17 Even now
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- 119 Ecologists and silvicultureli
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2t Betrind the low-lying raised cor
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- rzt combination of metalled loggi
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125 - The vegetation rnatrix is not
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Ppua Ncw Guinca (Enga) Constrtlctio
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- L29 MIi.IERAL POTENTIAL tr THE SO
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Figure): Diagramsof Massive sulphid
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- Ltt Table 2 : Mineral Resources o
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Nauru - tt5 The third mejor mineral
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- Lr7 magnetic fields - a chanacter
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- 119 Davies' l'l L 1981. Eveluatio
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- l4l Whalen, J.8., R. M. Britten a
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- L4t ENERGY POTENTIALS tr PACIFIC
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t45 Table 2 : Economics (f979-80) C
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- I47 Realizing this, trre of the s
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I - 149 REFERENCES Lbyd' C. R. 198r
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- L52 The report of lhe Technical G
Page 153 and 154: - r54 Exposures to ionizing radiati
Page 155 and 156: - 156 REFERENCES Fieldes' M.' G. Be
Page 157 and 158: - r58 "The ielands are concerned no
Page 159 and 160: - 160 Further, in keeping with the
Page 161 and 162: Forum Firheriar AgancY - L62 The Cm
Page 163 and 164: - L65 OVERVTEW tr TI-E EAST ASIAN S
Page 165 and 166: Environmental Aesesgment Component
Page 167 and 168: - L69 INSTTTUTIO{AL AtO FtNAfiCIAL
Page 169 and 170: - l7t PROBLEMS INVOLVED TN TI-E IMP
Page 171 and 172: - 17, OCEANMRAPHTC ASSESSMENT tr TI
Page 173 and 174: - 175 of the region is the feason w
Page 175 and 176: - rl7 Tl'n Kuroshio begins east of
Page 177 and 178: Ternperetur€ - 179 One of the fea
Page 179 and 180: Figure 7 : Average sunface loot too
Page 181 and 182: - l8] content fnom South-Easl Asian
Page 183 and 184: - 185 CffiAL REEF DEGRADATION AIS P
Page 185 and 186: Hg+* WAIER coRAL Teluk Tel* Solong
Page 187 and 188: I HARIMAU PULAJ BABI HUJONG - t89 ?
Page 189 and 190: BRANCHED CORAL - 19I TAB.JLATE @RAL
Page 191 and 192: - Lgt Coral reefs along the coest o
Page 193 and 194: Lcation LUZ0{ l. Albay 2. Bataan I.
Page 195 and 196: - r97 the variations in fish abunda
Page 197 and 198: - r99 A growing eause f or concern
Page 199 and 200: - 20I of the coral lrade in the bro
Page 201 and 202: - 20t In Thailand, there is one rep
Page 203: - 205 Gomez, E.D. 1977. Species div
Page 207 and 208: - 210 In recenl years' there has be
Page 209 and 210: - 2r2 air and water quality monitor
Page 211 and 212: - 2L4 Tle usefulness of zoning is s
Page 213 and 214: - 216 (h) formulating laws and regu
Page 215 and 216: - 218 ln Malayeia and Brunei, the N
Page 217 and 218: Oil activities - ?20 Table I : Hydr
Page 219 and 220: Neme of vessel or incident Tolo Sea
Page 221 and 222: - 224 Oil released during deballast
Page 223 and 224: - 226 ln the South China Saa active
Page 225 and 226: - 228 o oo IF th (o E t,o PA lo. !,
Page 227 and 228: - zto The following nrethods were u
Page 229 and 230: - 2t? REFERENCES Anonymous. 1980. S
Page 231 and 232: - 2r4 Annex I : Map of placee npnti
Page 233 and 234: - 256 The biggest problem associale
Page 235 and 236: - 2t8 Since the analysts performing
Page 237 and 238: - 240 Oftenr a direct comparison is
Page 239 and 240: For seawater (PPm) Cd Co Cr Cu 0-0.
Page 241 and 242: Sea water - 244 The sea water in th
Page 243 and 244: - 246 organisms reiect the metal pa
Page 245 and 246: - 248 Rahaman, A., C.L. Sien, and D
Page 247 and 248: - 250 In addition, mining degrades
Page 249 and 250: Marine fauna and flora - 252 Beside
Page 251 and 252: - 254 REFERENCES Bak' R.P. 1978. Le
Page 253 and 254: Backqround - 257 ACTIO{ PLAN FOR TI
Page 255 and 256:
- 259 Tte Envirannrantal Areasmcnt
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Introduction - 26r MARIT.IE POLLUTI
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CANAL DE FArrAMil A\ ) PANAMA BAHIA
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Kind - 265 Tabb 2 : Industries disc
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- 267 Studies dme between 1974 end
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- 269 Guillen end Aquino (f978) and
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Other areas with important pollutio
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- 27t OIL POLLUTIOII IN TFE SOUTH{A
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Oil traneport in the region - 275 A
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- 277 Co-operstion protocols in the
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'279a GEAN CIRCUI.ATIOII IN TI.E EA
Page 277 and 278:
Weetern Pacific (Coast of Irdonesia
Page 279 and 280:
- 28t Obgervation of winds the key
Page 281 and 282:
- 285 INTER.REGIOT.IAL CO.FER ATIOT
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(2S11 PUBLICATIONS IN THE UNEP REGI
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TZUJJ No. 40 SpC/SPEC/ESCAP/UUEP: R
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tZ^A\ \IIl Issued and printed by: P
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