Rt€@lll

Lima-Callao erea (Peru)
- 268
From deta given by Guillen (1981), the total donrertic dircharger into the littoral of
Peru (2,854 km of coast) contein an organic load of more than 100,m0 tons BO/year from
the main coastal cilies and the indirect discharges of 16 river basins (Table l). The major
input ie from Lima and Callao (together with 5,5)6rttr0 inhabitants in 1980) (Figure 2d), with
dqnestic wErtes containing an organic loed of 87,500 tons BOD/year (volurrp of the effluents
I,0]8,800 m' lday).
A rwerage system erves 6).2% of the populalion of Lima and Callao; it discharges
directly to the sea through two drainage ditches without treatment of the dornestic waetes.
Guillen (1981) indicetes one case of the presence of Vibrio parahaemoliticue bacteria on
"Arena Amattilla" Beach in Callao, and negative effects-ffillm;Emestic wasteg trr
the fishing resources (anchovy, pejerrey, lisa, etc.).
68% of the indntrier in Peru me located in the Lima-Callao area (Guillen, 1981). Table
5 gives information m 622 industries (with a minimum of 5 persons) considered in the survey.
The Rimac River, v.rhiq| flows through the northern part. of Callao, also r€ceives the treated
residues (16102018/rl m-lyeac) of 5 mining industries.
Table 5 : Industries discharging in the Lima-Callao area
(from Guillen, 198I, Tables 6, 7, and 8)
Industry Number Pollutants and other data
Fisheries
Sugar
MiIK
Cured rneat, slaughterhouse
Fruits, vegetables
Oils, fats
Breweries, distilleries
Mills (rugar, coffee)
Other food industries
Paper, paper pulp
Fert ilizers
Pharmaceutical, chemicals
Metallurgy
Shipyards
Textiles
Tanneries
Detergents
Cement
Painbs, varnishes
Plastics, rubber
Batteries
Woodworking
Petrochemistry
Other chemical industries
L7
2
15
7
5
4
I'
t2
28
84
I
79
l7
ll
49
26
I8
2
l9
59
T2
9
I02
Organic matter, fat, fish spraps (no treatment)
Sugar residues, hypochlorite
Organic matter, Na, Ca, P, fats
Organic matter, alkaline residues, heat
Organic matter, peel and seed residues
Oleaginous seed residues, oils, detergents
Musts, fermented barley residres, alcohols
Skin residues, solids
Organic rnatier, pH
Fibres, suspended organic matter and solids,
zulfale liguors, heat (I industry discharges
17,000 6'lyear)
Wastes, heat, pH, organiq rnatter (I industry
discharges 1,809,m0 m' lyear)
Organic & inorganic substances, hea{
(l industry discharges I,729,080 ni''lyear)
Acids, organic & inonganic residues, heat
Metallic residues, wood, resins, paints
Acids, heat, dyes, pH, chemicals, detergents
Tannins, fibres, dyes, alkaline residues,
chrome salts
Organic maLter, fats, detergents, pH, sutfates,
sodas
Dissolved and zuspended solids
Pignrents, chemicals, rqiins, feat (l industry
discharges ztt rlt0D m' / year)
Chemicals, heat
Aeids, lead, ball tars
Wmd residues
I8 5 Oils, fats, hexavalent chrome, pheqols, heat
(1 industry discharges ztt,ltDO 6'f year)
Lime, dyes
Chemical residues, heat, pH