Cancer Immune Therapy Edited by G. Stuhler and P. Walden ...

tive in renal cell carcinoma and DC vaccination may be used to boost the anticancer
response once immune reconstitution has been achieved. The allogeneic transplant
procedure itself, may be facilitated by further DC engineering.
Finally, one might anticipate a shift from ex vivo DC loading to in vivo DC targeting
of patients as part of their primary consolidation therapy.
9.14
Conclusion
There is a strong basic scientific argument to support the argument for DC immunotherapy.
Early trials using non-optimized systems have produced encouraging results.
Equally, systems that are not optimized on the basis of basic scientific data
have not. Phase III data is needed to justify ongoing clinical evaluation and trials are
underway. Further gains may be possible if the treatment is applied in the context of
minimal residual disease. The apparent low toxicity including autoimmune phenomenon
justifies earlier application in the trial context.
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