Cancer Immune Therapy Edited by G. Stuhler and P. Walden ...

246 11 Hybrid Cell Vaccination for Cancer Immune Therapy
peptide with diverse and nonoverlapping
T-cell receptor repertoires. Cancer Res
2001; 61: 2047±54.
71 Kasakura S, Lowenstein L. A factor
stimulating DNA synthesis derived
from the medium of leukocyte cultures.
Nature 1965; 208: 794±5.
72 Morgan DA, Ruscetti FW, Gallo R.
Selective in vitro growth of T lymphocytes
from normal human bone marrows.
Science 1976; 193: 1007±8.
73 Gillis S, Union NA, Baker PE,
Smith KA. The in vitro generation and
sustained culture of nude mouse cytolytic
T-lymphocytes. J Exp Med 1979; 149:
1460±76.
74 Raulet DH. Expression and function of
interleukin-2 receptors on immature
thymocytes. Nature 1985; 314: 101±3.
75 Kroemer G, Andreu JL, Gonzalo JA,
Gutierrez-Ramos JC, Martinez C. Interleukin-2,
autotolerance, and autoimmunity.
Adv Immunol 1991; 50: 147±235.
76 Mosmann TR, Cherwinski H,
Bond MW, Giedlin MA, Coffman RL.
Two types of murine helper T cell clone.
I. Definition according to profiles of
lymphokine activities and secreted proteins.
J Immunol 1986; 136: 2348±57.
77 Raulet DH, Bevan MJ. Helper T cells
for cytotoxic T lymphocytes need not be
I region restricted. J Exp Med 1982;
155: 1766±84.
78 Juretic A, Malenica B, Juretic E,
Klein J, Nagy ZA. Helper effects required
during in vivo priming for a cytolytic
response to the H-Y antigen in
nonresponder mice. J Immunol 1985;
134: 1408±14.
79 Mitchison NA,O'Malley C. Threecell-type
clusters of T cells with antigenpresenting
cells best explain the epitope
linkage and noncognate requirements
of the in vivo cytolytic response. Eur J
Immunol 1987; 17: 1579±83.
80 Mitchison NA. An exact comparison
between the efficiency of two- and
three-cell-type clusters in mediating
helper activity. Eur J Immunol 1990; 20:
699±702.
81 Stuhler G,Walden P. Collaboration of
helper and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Eur
J Immunol 1993; 23: 2279±86.
82 Borges E,Wiesmuller KH, Jung G,
Walden P. Efficacy of synthetic vaccines
in the induction of cytotoxic T
lymphocytes. Comparison of the costimulating
support provided by helper T
cells and lipoamino acid. J Immunol
Methods 1994; 173: 253±63.
83 Baxevanis CN,Voutsas IF, Tsitsilonis
OE, Gritzapis AD, Sotiriadou R,
Papamichail M. Tumor-specific CD4 +
T lymphocytes from cancer patients are
required for optimal induction of cytotoxic
T cells against the autologous tumor.
J Immunol 2000; 164: 3902±12.
84 Mitchison NA, Rajewsky K,Taylor RB.
In: Sterzle J, Riha I, eds. Developmental
aspects of antibody formation and structure.
New York: Academic Press 1970: 547.
85 Mueller DL, Jenkins MK,
Schwartz RH. An accessory cellderived
costimulatory signal acts independently
of protein kinase C activation
to allow T cell proliferation and prevent
the induction of unresponsiveness.
J Immunol 1989; 142: 2617±28.
86 Mueller DL, Jenkins MK,
Schwartz RH. Clonal expansion versus
functional clonal inactivation: a
costimulatory signalling pathway determines
the outcome of T cell antigen receptor
occupancy. Annu Rev Immunol
1989; 7: 445±80.
87 Linsley PS, Clark EA, Ledbetter JA.
T-cell antigen CD28 mediates adhesion
with B cells by interacting with activation
antigen B7/BB-1. Proc Natl Acad
Sci USA 1990; 87: 5031±5.
88 Chen L, Ashe S, Brady WA, Hellstrom
I, Hellstrom KE, Ledbetter JA,
McGowan P, Linsley PS. Costimulation
of antitumor immunity by the B7
counterreceptor for the T lymphocyte
molecules CD28 and CTLA-4. Cell 1992;
71: 1093±102.
89 Cantrell DA, Smith KA. Transient expression
of interleukin 2 receptors.
Consequences for T cell growth. J Exp
Med 1983; 158: 1895±911.
90 Raulet DH, Bevan MJ. A differentiation
factor required for the expression
of cytotoxic T-cell function. Nature
1982; 296: 754±7.
91 Klein JR, Raulet DH, Pasternack MS,
Bevan MJ. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes