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158 HIPERMÍDIAS: IntERfAcES DIgItAIS EM EA D point of view of a web designer who might not have deep knowledge of 3D modelling environments is presented in Section 2. Notwithstanding the ability to visualize and interact with 3D virtual worlds using an O3D-enabled web browser, the designer is still faced with the task of generating 3D scene models. In principle there are three ways this can be achieved: using a 3D modelling package, using transform graphs from a programming language, or using a 3D scanner. Section 3 provides an introduction to such technologies focusing on the main topics of our research which is the generation of 3D models using line projection. Therefore, Section 3 addresses the challenging issue of creating realistic 3D structures of complex objects from the real world (as opposed to stylised and fantasy worlds and characters such as avatars) by presenting a method for fast 3D reconstruction from a single image. There is ample justification and need for such approach; for instance, modelling a human face using a 3D modelling package is a time consuming task that provides limited accuracy. For instance, it is unlikely that face proportions (size and shape of the nose, eyes, etc.) are the true proportions and likeness of the real person. If a model of another person is required, then the process must be repeated and very little can be re-used. Providing the ability to take pictures in 3D of arbitrary objects and incorporating such models into e-learning contents that can be visualized in a standard web browser is an appealing proposition. Section 4 describes the process of including 3D models in a web application using the O3D JavaScript extension. It is shown that once created, 3D models can easily be incorporated into web aplicaitons.
HIPERMÍDIAS: IntERfAcES DIgItAIS EM EA D Some of the technologies seem to be ready, and it is now a challenge to the e-learning designer to develop 3D contents to be readily deployed. Finally, a discussion and conclusion is presented in Section 5. 2. Some core web technologies to handle 3D graphics Here we highlight only the core technologies of OpenGL, JavaScript and O3D. A full description is outside the scope of this paper and references are provided. These technologies depend, in turn, on a large number of other related technologies, which are also not dealt with in any level of detail. 2.1 OpenGL OpenGL stands for Open Graphics Library. The main source of information is the OpenGL web site (OpenGL, 2009), which contains news, specifications, tutorials, and downloads among other materials. OpenGL was developed by Silicon Graphics Inc. in 1992 and has become the industry standard for graphics applications throughout the world. Its application programming interface (API) is well developed and is being nurtured by the ARB (OpenGL Architecture Review Board) which is an industry consortium responsible for steering the evolution of the software (OpenGL, 2009). The most appealing aspects of OpenGL are its high performance and portability or device independence. OpenGL comes pre-installed on all major operating systems (Windows, Linux, 159
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47 Figura 1: Fases do processo de d
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51 3.1 Metodologia proposta por Gar
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55 » » » o conteúdo seria apres
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63 wpi.edu/~isg_501/bridget/html>.
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71 Personalizando a experiência de
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