download PDF - Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto
download PDF - Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto
download PDF - Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
248<br />
Carlos Carvalho, Alberto Carvalho<br />
va <strong>de</strong>ve realizar-se com cargas máximas e à máxima<br />
veloci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> contracção muscular, para que se<br />
garanta uma suficiente activação nervosa <strong>do</strong>s factores<br />
intramusculares (recrutamento, frequência e <strong>de</strong>scarga<br />
<strong>do</strong>s impulsos e sincronismo <strong>da</strong>s uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />
motoras). Contrariamente, o treino <strong>da</strong> potência <strong>de</strong>ve<br />
ser realiza<strong>do</strong> com cargas médias, com máxima veloci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />
<strong>de</strong> execução <strong>de</strong> um <strong>de</strong>termina<strong>do</strong> gesto, acção<br />
e/ou sequência motora específica (cooperação óptima<br />
entre os músculos agonistas, antagonistas e<br />
sinergistas); <strong>da</strong>í cair fortemente na esfera <strong>do</strong> treino<br />
coor<strong>de</strong>nativo ou técnico.<br />
NOTAS<br />
1 Deixan<strong>do</strong>-se contrair um músculo quan<strong>do</strong> parte <strong>de</strong> idêntico<br />
comprimento mas contra diferentes magnitu<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> carga, registam-se<br />
diferentes veloci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> encurtamento, o que se <strong>de</strong>nominou<br />
por relação força-veloci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. Esta relação <strong>de</strong>ixa-se muito<br />
bem <strong>de</strong>screver por uma função hiperbólica que Hill (11) transformou<br />
num expressão matemática que é conheci<strong>da</strong> por equação<br />
<strong>de</strong> Hill.<br />
CORRESPONDÊNCIA<br />
Carlos Carvalho<br />
Laboratório <strong>do</strong> Movimento Humano<br />
Instituto Superior <strong>da</strong> Maia<br />
Av. Carlos Oliveira Campos<br />
4474-690 Avioso, S. Pedro<br />
Portugal<br />
ccarvalho@ismai.pt<br />
Rev Port Cien Desp 6(2) 241–248<br />
BIBLIOGRAFIA<br />
1. Badillo JJG, Serna JR (2002). Bases <strong>de</strong> la Programación <strong>de</strong>l<br />
entrenamiento <strong>de</strong> fuerza. Rendimiento Deportivo. INDE<br />
Publicaciones. España.<br />
2. Bührle M. (1985). Dimension <strong>de</strong>s Kraftverhaltes und ihre<br />
spezifischen Trainingsmetho<strong>de</strong>n. In M. Bührle (Hrsg.)<br />
Grundlagen <strong>de</strong>s Maximal-und Schnellkrafttrainings.<br />
Schriftenreihe <strong>de</strong>s Bundsinstitut für Sportwissenschaft 56.<br />
Schorn<strong>do</strong>rf: Hofman, 82-111.<br />
3. Bührle M (1986). Zum Grundkonzept <strong>de</strong>s Kraft-und<br />
Sprungkrafttrainings. In Carl K, Schiffer J (eds.) Zur Praxis<br />
<strong>de</strong>s Sprungskrafttrainings. Bun<strong>de</strong>sinstitut Sportwissenschaft.<br />
4. Bührle M, Schmidtbleicher D (1981). Komponenten <strong>de</strong>r<br />
Maximal und Schnellkraft-Versuch einer<br />
Neustrukturierung auf <strong>de</strong>r Basis empirischer Ergebnisse.<br />
Sportwissenschaft 11, 11-27.<br />
5. Enoka RM (2000). Bases Neuromecânicas <strong>de</strong> Cinesiologia (2ª<br />
Edição). Brasil: Manole.<br />
6. Fleck SJ, Kraemer WJ (1987). Designing Resistance Training<br />
Programs. Champaign, Il.: Human Kinetics Books.<br />
7. Häkkinen K (1985). Factors influencing trainability pf muscle<br />
strength during short term and prolonged training.<br />
National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal 7: 32-37.<br />
8. Häkkinen K, Komi PV (1983). Electromyographic changes<br />
during strength training and <strong>de</strong>training. Medicine and<br />
Science in Sports and Exercise 15: 455-460.<br />
9. Häkkinen K, Komi PV (1985). Effects of explosive type<br />
strength training on electromyographic and force production<br />
characteristics of leg extensor muscles during concentric<br />
and various strech-shortening cycle exercises. Scand J<br />
Sports Sci 7, 65-76.<br />
10. Harre D, Lotz L (1989). O treino <strong>da</strong> força rápi<strong>da</strong>. Revista<br />
Treino Desportivo, 12.<br />
11. Hill AV (1938). The heat of shortening and dynamic constraits<br />
of muscle. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Lon<strong>do</strong>n.<br />
B126: 136-195.<br />
12. Sale DG (1992). Neural a<strong>da</strong>ptation to strength training. In<br />
Komi P (ed.) Strength and Power in Sport. Oxford: Blackwell<br />
Science, 381-395.<br />
13. Sale DG, Norman RW (1982). Testing Strength and Power.<br />
In MacDougall et al. (eds.) Physiological testing of the elite<br />
athletes. New York: Movement Publ., Inc., 7-37.<br />
14. Schmidtbleicher D (1984). Strikturanalyse <strong>de</strong>s motorischen<br />
Eigenschaft. In Krafttraining Lehre <strong>de</strong>s Leichtathletik.<br />
Beilage zur zeitschrift Leichathletik 35(50): 1785-1792.<br />
15. Schmidtbleicher D (1985). Klassifizierung <strong>de</strong>s<br />
Trainingsmetho<strong>de</strong>n. In Krafttraining Lehre <strong>de</strong>s Leichtathletik.<br />
Beilage zur zeitschrift Leichathletik 35(50): 1785-1792.<br />
16. Schmidtbleicher D (1992): Trainings for power events. In<br />
Komi, P. (ed.) Strength and Power in Sport. Oxford, Blackwell<br />
Science, 381-395.<br />
17. Tihanyi J (1988). Prinzipien individualisierter Trainings<br />
protokolle auf <strong>de</strong>r Basis <strong>de</strong>r Muskel-faserzusammensetzung<br />
und mechanischer Merkmal. Leistungssport 2, 41-45.<br />
18. Verkhoshansky Y (1996). Componenti e structtura<br />
<strong>de</strong>ll,impegno esplosivo di forza. Rivista di Cultura Sportiva<br />
ano XV, n. 34: 15-21.
Change language