Põllumajandusministeeriumi ja Maaelu ... - bioenergybaltic

Estonia while the changing waste content must be taken into consideration in relation to the
implementation of requirements for waste sorting.
When processing the agricultural biomass and upgrading it to fuel, a lot of waste products with
specific properties are generated the utilization of which could also be the combustion and
gaining energy. However, the respective technologies are not available:
• The rapeseed cake is a by-product of the rapeseed oil industry. In the Painküla plant
48,000 tons of the cake is produced annually and partly used as a fodder. In case of
rapeseed with the high oil content, the cake cannot be used as a fodder;
• annually ca 11,500 tons of glycerol generated from the biodiesel production in the
Paldiski Biodiesel Plant. With the growth of biodiesel capacities, there will be no
market for bioglycerol.
Principally rapeseed cake can be pelletized too and therefore in the future work the potentials
both for the direct combustion of cake and pellets production and combustion should be
investigated. Problems related to the expedient use of glycerol residues have become acute in
all countries where the production of biodiesel has started on a wide scale. Therefore it will be
reasonable to study the options for glycerol combustion within the framework of some
international project supported by the European Union.
Potential for biogas production – acceptable technological solutions, capacities, locations,
prerequisites for developing a network
The water and air pollution created by the household, industrial and agricultural waste has
become one of the biggest problems all over the world. For eliminating this problem new
effective and inexpensive waste treatment methods are being looked for. One of such
technologies is the anaerobic treatment of organic waste and biogas production within this
process. So the pollution load is not only reduced, but it also allows the production of energy
(heat, electricity), motor fuel and fertilizers.
The following biodegradable materials (biomass and organic waste) can be and are being used
for biogas production in many places around the world:
7. Household waste (its biodegradable (organic) part);
8. Industrial biodegradable production waste and residues;
9. Biodegradable agricultural waste and residues from the cattle raising and poultry farming;
10. Sewage sediments and sludges;
11. herbaceous biomass (either naturally growing herbs or the so-called specially grown and
ensilaged energy crops);
12. landfills of settlements (the so-called landfill gas is collected, which has the properties
similar to the biogas produced from the above sources in the anaerobic fermentation
process).
The Estonian biogas resources presented here have indicative character and have been
predominantly calculated based on the coefficients given in references and on the amount of
separate raw material resources. The results are given by counties. Before building a biogas
plant, in any case a feasibility analysis has to be made (the analysis of available raw material,
technical, economic, environmental social and risk analyses) and business plan prepared
considering also the available state-subsidized schemes. The decision where and with what
capacity a biogas fired CHP plant can be built could be made only based on these results.
Therefore the options for biogas production have not been analysed on the basis of certain
company, because it is not known who, where and when and with what production capacity
would want to build biogas based plants (BGP).
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