Ornithology, Evolution, and Philosophy 123

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Dr.rer.nat.JürgenHaffer Tommesweg 60 45149 Essen Germany j.haffer@web.de Library of Congress Control Number: 2007928500 ISBN 978-3-540-71777-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science + Business Media springer.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Editor: Dr. Dieter Czeschlik, Heidelberg, Germany Desk editor: Ursula Gramm, Heidelberg, Germany Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany Typesetting and production: LE-TEXJelonek,Schmidt&VöcklerGbR,Leipzig,Germany 31/3180/YL – 5 4 3210–Printedonacid-freepaper
Preface Ernst Mayr (1904–2005), eminent naturalist-systematist and ornithologist, “architect” of the Synthetic Theory of Evolution, leading evolutionary biologist and influential historian and philosopher of biology, was asked repeatedly by friends, associates, and peers to write an autobiography, but he always declined such suggestions because he considered those of other people he knew as inadequate. Moreover, he could not very well talk about himself without bragging, which did not appeal to him. Who else has had a private dinner with the Emperor and Empress of Japan? Who else has had honorary degrees from the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, Harvard, the Sorbonne, Uppsala, and Berlin? And who else has been able to celebrate the 75th anniversary of his PhD? He also published several autobiographical accounts, dictated copious autobiographical notes, and annotated his bibliography. I had the privilege of using these notes and, in addition, of asking him numerous questions, which he answered patiently in many personal letters. He supported the plan of a biography wholeheartedly from the beginning and reviewed a first draft in detail. In many ways he should be considered a coauthor of this book. As a high school student and eager birdwatcher in Germany, I read Kramer’s (1948) extensive review of Mayr’s Systematics and the Origin of Species (1942e) and was impressed with the general evolutionary relevance of the discussions and conclusions in this book based, in large part, on his ornithological studies. In 1952, I took a course on the evolution of man and the evolutionary synthesis offered at the University of Göttingen by Gerhard Heberer (1901–1973), editor of Die Evolution der Organismen (1943), who had just translated into German G. G. Simpson’s Tempo and Mode in Evolution (1944). Direct communication with Ernst Mayr began during the early 1960s, when I was studying the bird fauna of Colombia, South America, and with my first visit to him at Harvard University in 1968. In 1961, I returned to Europe for a break from my work as an exploration geologist in South America and had chosen the route across the Pacific Ocean to visit the Hawaiian, Samoan and Fiji Islands as well as New Guinea on whose bird faunas Ernst Mayr had published many detailed studies. Across the Bay of Manokwari, I could see the Arfak Mountains, which rise 2,500 m in the Vogelkop region of northwestern New Guinea, where, 33 years earlier, Ernst Mayr had set out in search of certain “rare birds of paradise.” He had also explored the bird fauna of the precipitous Cyclops Mountains further east along the coast, where I had been a few days before, traveling comfortably in the open country around Lake Sentani. Greatly influenced by his publications, I applied Mayr’s ideas on
Page 1: Jürgen Haffer Ornithology, Evoluti
Page 5 and 6: Contents Introduction 1 Part I The
Page 7 and 8: Contents IX 2 Bibliography of Ernst
Page 9 and 10: 2 Introduction and speciation, the
Page 11 and 12: 4 Introduction (1928-1929) to repla
Page 13 and 14: Ernst Mayr has been an observer all
Page 15 and 16: The Family 9 court system. He had a
Page 17 and 18: The Family 11 Fig.1.1. Family genea
Page 19 and 20: The Family 13 where they learned La
Page 21 and 22: Birdwatching 15 even finishing befo
Page 23 and 24: Birdwatching 17 Fig.1.5. ErnstMayr
Page 25 and 26: Birdwatching 19 Fig.1.6. Ernst Mayr
Page 27 and 28: Birdwatching 21 he simply smoked ci
Page 29 and 30: University Student in Greifswald an
Page 39 and 40: Friendships at School and Universit
Page 41 and 42: 2 The Budding Scientist PhD Thesis
Page 43 and 44: TheInfluenceofTeachers 37 excellent
Page 45 and 46: Erwin Stresemann—Teacher and Frie
Page 47 and 48: Erwin Stresemann—Teacher and Frie
Page 49 and 50: Assistant Curator at the Museum of
Page 51 and 52: Assistant Curator at the Museum of
Page 53 and 54:
Assistant Curator at the Museum of
Page 55 and 56:
Expeditions to New Guinea and the S
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Part II Ornithologist and Evolution
Page 101 and 102:
96 3 The New York Years (1931-1953)
Page 103 and 104:
98 3 The New York Years (1931-1953)
Page 105 and 106:
100 3 The New York Years (1931-1953
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
4 Ornithologist and Zoogeographer B
Page 147 and 148:
142 4 Ornithologist and Zoogeograph
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
184 5 Biological Species and Specia
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
6 Life in North America during Worl
Page 249 and 250:
244 6 Life in North America during
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Part III Professor of Zoology at Ha
Page 261 and 262:
256 7 The Harvard Years (1953-2005)
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
8 Evolutionary Biology— Mayr’s
Page 273 and 274:
268 8 Evolutionary Biology—Mayr
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
284 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man his coll
Page 291 and 292:
286 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man addresse
Page 293 and 294:
288 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man undertak
Page 295 and 296:
290 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man unaware
Page 297 and 298:
292 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man His hand
Page 299 and 300:
294 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man Prize (1
Page 301 and 302:
296 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man the inte
Page 303 and 304:
298 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man I have s
Page 305 and 306:
300 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man Fig.9.4.
Page 307 and 308:
302 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man not mali
Page 309 and 310:
304 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man papers d
Page 311 and 312:
306 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man 2005. Me
Page 313 and 314:
308 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man Fig.9.5b
Page 315 and 316:
310 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man health i
Page 317 and 318:
312 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man person a
Page 319 and 320:
314 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man with a r
Page 321 and 322:
316 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man conceptu
Page 323 and 324:
318 9 Ernst Mayr—the Man the two
Page 325 and 326:
10 Systematics and Classification T
Page 327 and 328:
322 10 Systematics and Classificati
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
11 History and Philosophy of Biolog
Page 345 and 346:
340 11 History and Philosophy of Bi
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369 and 370:
Page 371 and 372:
Page 373 and 374:
Page 375 and 376:
Page 377 and 378:
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
376 12 Summary: Appreciation of Ern
Page 383 and 384:
Page 385 and 386:
Page 387 and 388:
Acknowledgments Iamdeeplygratefulto
Page 389 and 390:
List of Abbreviations AAAS American
Page 391 and 392:
386 References Beehler BM, Pratt TK
Page 393 and 394:
388 References Cracraft J (2002) Go
Page 395 and 396:
390 References Haffer J (1997a) Ess
Page 397 and 398:
392 References Keast JA (1996) Avia
Page 399 and 400:
394 References Olson SL (1975) The
Page 401 and 402:
396 References Smith JJ (1936) Eric
Page 403 and 404:
398 References Wiglesworth LW (1898
Page 405 and 406:
Appendix 1 Curriculum Vitae (includ
Page 407 and 408:
Appendix 1 403 1978 Prêmio Jabuti,
Page 409 and 410:
Appendix 1 405 Society Offices Linn
Page 411 and 412:
Appendix 2 407 1926c Das Freibrüte
Page 413 and 414:
Appendix 2 409 1932 1932a Birds col
Page 415 and 416:
Appendix 2 411 1936g Melidectes bel
Page 417 and 418:
Appendix 2 413 1941e Birds collecte
Page 419 and 420:
Appendix 2 415 1944f Chromosomes an
Page 421 and 422:
Appendix 2 417 1947g On the correct
Page 423 and 424:
Appendix 2 419 1952e Six new subspe
Page 425 and 426:
Appendix 2 421 1954g The tail molt
Page 427 and 428:
Appendix 2 423 1958c Concluding rem
Page 429 and 430:
Appendix 2 425 in E. Mayr, Evolutio
Page 431 and 432:
Appendix 2 427 1964l Introduction [
Page 433 and 434:
Appendix 2 429 1967d Subfamily Pach
Page 435 and 436:
Appendix 2 431 in Acta Soc. Zool. B
Page 437 and 438:
Appendix 2 433 1974b The diversity
Page 439 and 440:
Appendix 2 435 1976m Evolution and
Page 441 and 442:
Appendix 2 437 Mankind 13:430; P.W.
Page 443 and 444:
Appendix 2 439 (1984) in Queen’s
Page 445 and 446:
Appendix 2 441 1984c Evolution and
Page 447 and 448:
Appendix 2 443 1987b The status of
Page 449 and 450:
Appendix 2 445 1990 1990a The Myth
Page 451 and 452:
Appendix 2 447 1992f Haldane’s Ca
Page 453 and 454:
Appendix 2 449 1995g The search for
Page 455 and 456:
Appendix 2 451 1999 1999a Thoughts
Page 457 and 458:
List of Books by Ernst Mayr 453 200
Page 459 and 460:
Coauthorship 455 Coauthorship In th
Page 461 and 462:
Appendix 3 457 (4) Systematics 1942
Page 463 and 464:
Index Achievements 379 Adaptation 2
Page 465 and 466:
Index 461 Faunas 164-165 Family 8-1
Page 467 and 468:
Index 463 Realism and education 372
show all

Ornithology, Evolution, and Philosophy 123

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?