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History of Biology 359
(1) Brief memories, obituaries or biographies of friends, colleagues or other biologists:
Amadon 1998b, Birckhead 1945b, Buzzati-Traverso, here p. 246, Caspari, here
p. 247, Dathe 1992h, Drury 1998a, Delbrück, here p. 247, Fisher, R.A., here p. 238,
Gilliard 1969f, Goldschmidt, here p. 195, Griscom 1995k, here p. 109, Haldane, here
p. 237, Hamerstrom, F. and F. 1992l, Hartert 1934c, Huxley, J., here p. 237, Lorenz
1997l, here p. 127, Moore, J.A. here p. 297, Rensch 1992d, here p. 43, Sanford 1997l,
here p. 101, Schiermann 1997l, here p. 46, Schüz 1993e, Schuster 1955d, Simpson
1980o, Stebbins 2002d, Stern, 1980p, here p. 249, Stresemann, 1949j, 1969j, 1975a,
b, 1990l, here p. 41, Timeféeff-Ressovsky 1993j, Wallace, R. A., 1994n, Wallace, B.
here p. 248, Weidenreich, here p. 330, Wickler 1996f, Zimmermann 2003, here p. 20.
(2) Biographies or memories of biologists including brief summaries of their scientific
work:
Chapman 1990e, Davis 1990f, Delacour 1986f, de Vries 1982d, Dobzhansky, here
p. 133, Fleming 1989f, here p. 263, Jordan, K. 1990g, Lack 1973j, Mendel 1982d,
Murphy 1974a, Noble 1990h, Ridgway 1975j, Romer 1990i, Sars 1975d, Semper
1975e, Schmidt, K. P. 1990j, Stresemann 1973e, 1990k, 1997l, Wagner, M. 1996g,
Wetmore 1979c, White, M. J. D. 1985h, Whitman, C. O. 1976j.
(3) Biographies of biologists and fairly extensive discussions of their scientific work:
Darwin 1991g, Haldane 1992f, 1993h, 1995d, Jordan, K. 1955e, Miller, A. H. 1973d,
Weismann 1982d, 1985i.
(4) Autobiographical accounts:
1930f, 1932e, 1938f, 1943h, 1980n, 1981b, 1992i, 1997d, 1999j, 2004b
Mayr repeatedly discussed the work of Charles Darwin as summarized above
and mentioned the conceptual contributions of numerous biologists in his historical
handbook (1982d). As part of the celebrations of the 100th anniversary of
the birthday of the geneticist J. B. S. Haldane, Mayr (1992f) reviewed his classic
book, The Causes of Evolution (1932) from the point of view of the historian, based
on a reprint edition (1990), and compared Haldane’s evolutionary views with the
current consensus (see also Mayr 1993h). The main purpose of Haldane’s volume
was to synthesize Mendelian genetics and Darwinian evolution. Like Fisher (1930),
Haldane also refuted soft inheritance so effectively that Dobzhansky (1937) devoted
little space to this topic. Haldane argued against the belief of the Mendelians
in “mutation pressure” as a factor that could override natural selection. Because
the importance of this evolutionary factor had not yet been accepted generally,
Haldane included an entire long chapter to its discussion and stated that in addition
to the origin of genetically-based phenotypic variation, “natural selection