9. Tribe ANTHEMIDEAE

760
ANTHEMIDEAE
4a. Ray floret lamina 4–7 × 4–6 mm; segments or pinnae of leaves minutely spiniform-serrulate or 1- or
2-dentate or lobed.
5a. Rhizomes short; leaves pinnatisect; capitula 5–8 or more ....................................................................... 6. A. impatiens
5b. Rhizomes long and slender; leaves pinnatilobed or pinnatipartite to pinnatisect; capitula 3–5 ............ 7. A. ledebourii
4b. Ray floret lamina 0.8–2.5 × 1–3 mm; pinnae of leaves with unequal teeth.
6a. Involucres subglobose or broadly ovoid, (4–)5–7 mm in diam.; phyllaries with broad brown
margin; leaves sparsely gland-dotted or not gland-dotted ............................................................................. 8. A. alpina
6b. Involucres ovoid, 3.5–4 mm in diam.; phyllaries with narrow yellow or brown margin; leaves
densely gland-dotted ............................................................................................................................ 9. A. ptarmicoides
3b. Leaves bipinnately or tripinnately divided.
7a. Leaves 2-pinnatisect, primary segments elliptic-lanceolate, 5–10 × 2–4 mm, ultimate segments
few, lanceolate, not overlapping.
8a. Involucres 4–6 mm in diam. ................................................................................................................. 10. A. wilsoniana
8b. Involucres 1.5–2(–2.5) mm in diam. ........................................................................................................... 11. A. nobilis
7b. Leaves mostly tripinnatisect, lower stem leaf blades very narrow, ultimate segments 1–2(–3) mm,
overlapping transversely.
9a. Rachis 1.5–2 mm wide; ultimate segments of leaves relatively broad, lanceolate, rarely linear,
0.3–0.5 mm wide ................................................................................................................................... 1. A. millefolium
9b. Rachis 0.5–1 mm wide; ultimate segments of leaves relatively narrow, 0.1–0.5 mm wide,
filiform-linear or linear to lanceolate.
10a. Ray floret lamina yellowish white, relatively small; involucres narrowly oblong, 4–4.5 × 2–2.5
mm; phyllaries sometimes with brownish narrow margin ................................................................. 2. A. setacea
10b. Ray floret lamina pink, rarely turning white, relatively large; involucres oblong, 4–5 × 2.5–3
mm, with conspicuous brown or brownish margin ........................................................................... 3. A. asiatica
1. Achillea millefolium Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 899. 1753.
蓍 shi
Herbs, perennial, 40–100 cm tall, with long rhizomes;
stems erect, unbranched or branched in upper part, often with
short sterile branches at leaf axils above middle, striate, usually
white villous. Leaves sessile; leaf blade lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate,
or sublinear, 5–20 × 1–2.5 cm, (2 or)3-pinnatisect,
abaxially densely villous, adaxially densely depressed glandular
punctuate; ultimate segments lanceolate to linear, 0.5–1.5 ×
0.3–0.5 mm, apex cartilaginous-mucronulate. Synflorescence a
terminal flat-topped panicle 2–6 cm in diam. Capitula many. Involucres
oblong or subovoid, ca. 4 × 3 mm; phyllaries in 3
rows, elliptic or oblong, 1.5–3 × 1–1.3 mm, scarious margin
pale yellow or brown; midvein convex. Paleae oblong-elliptic,
scarious, abaxially yellow gland-dotted. Ray florets 5; lamina
white, pink, or violet-red, suborbicular, 1.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm, apex
2- or 3-denticulate. Disk florets yellow, tubular, 2.2–3 mm, exterior
gland-dotted, apex 5-lobed. Achenes greenish, oblong, ca.
2 mm, with white lateral ribs. Corona absent. Fl. and fr. Jul–
Sep. 2n = 18, 27, 36 + 0–2B, 45, 54 + 0–3B, 72.
Widely cultivated in China, locally naturalized. Nei Mongol, Xinjiang
[native to temperate and alpine regions of N Hemisphere].
Achillea millefolium is a very variable species with many synonyms
outside of China.
The whole plant is used medicinally for inducing sweat and dispelling
diseases.
2. Achillea setacea Waldstein & Kitaibel, Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung.
1: 82. 1802.
丝叶蓍 si ye shi
Achillea millefolium Linnaeus var. setacea (Waldstein &
Kitaibel) W. D. J. Koch.
Herbs, perennial, 30–70 cm tall, with procumbent slender
rhizomes; stems erect, unbranched or few branched in upper
part, usually with short sterile branches at leaf axils above middle,
white villous, especially in lower part. Basal leaves petiolate;
leaf blade linear-lanceolate, rarely linear-oblong, 8–20 ×
1–2 cm, (2 or)3-pinnatisect, both surfaces villous; primary segments
many, 1–1.5 mm apart; ultimate segments filiform-linear
or linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 0.5–1.5 × 0.1–0.2 mm, apex
cartilaginous-mucronulate; middle and upper stem leaves similar,
sessile, gradually smaller. Synflorescence a terminal flattopped
panicle, 2.5–7 cm in diam. Capitula many. Involucres
narrowly oblong or ovoid-oblong, 4–4.5 × 2–2.5 mm; phyllaries
in 3 rows, yellowish green, midvein greenish, convex,
abaxially brownish pilose, oblong-ovate to oblong, 2–4 × 0.8–
1.2 mm, scarious margin sometimes with narrow pale brown
edge, apex somewhat acute or obtuse. Paleae oblong-lanceolate
to lanceolate, glabrous or appressed pilose on upper part. Ray
florets 5; lamina yellowish white, semiorbicular or suborbicular,
1.2–1.3 × 1.3–1.8 mm, apex subtruncate or 3-dentate. Disk florets
yellow, tubular, 5-lobed. Achenes oblong-cuneate, 1.8–2 ×
ca. 0.8 mm, with narrow lateral ribs. Corona absent. Fl. and fr.
Jul–Aug. 2n = 18, 36.
Wastelands, forest margins, grasslands on mountain slopes, meadows,
river valleys; 500–2400 m. Heilongjiang, Xinjiang [Kazakhstan,
Mongolia, Russia; N Africa, SW Asia, Europe].
3. Achillea asiatica Sergievskaya, Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb.
Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 1946(1): 6. 1946.
亚洲蓍 ya zhou shi
Achillea millefolium Linnaeus var. mandshurica Kitamura;
A. setacea Waldstein & Kitaibel subsp. asiatica (Sergievskaya)
Voroschilov.