9. Tribe ANTHEMIDEAE

ANTHEMIDEAE
About 30 species: C Asia, China, Mongolia, Russia; five species in China.
1a. Subshrubs (30–)40–50 cm tall .............................................................................................................................. 1. C. maximowiczii
1b. Compact ± scapose herbs 5–20 cm tall.
2a. Phyllaries with scarious margins colorless; pappus of 5 scales; plants growing at 500–2000 m.
3a. Plants annual or biennial, easily pulled out of ground; achenes glabrous; pappus with all scales acute;
receptacle conspicuously conical-globose ...................................................................................................... 2. C. discoidea
3b. Plants perennial, often forming mats; achenes sparsely pilose; pappus with 3 scales aristate mucronate;
receptacle flat or slightly convex .................................................................................................................. 3. C. lasiocarpa
2b. Phyllaries with scarious margins brown; pappus of 8–12 scales; plants growing above 3000 m.
4a. Scarious phyllary margins broad, dark brown, enlarged at apex; achenes glabrous or pilose only
toward apex ............................................................................................................................................. 4. C. chrysocephala
4b. Scarious phyllary margins narrow, pale brown, not enlarged at apex; achenes uniformly sparsely
pilose ........................................................................................................................................................... 5. C. tianschanica
1. Cancrinia maximowiczii C. Winkler, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk.
Bot. Sada 12: 29. 1892.
灌木小甘菊 guan mu xiao gan ju
Cancrinia paucicephala Y. Ling; Poljakovia falcatolobata
(Krascheninnikov) Grubov & Filatova; Tanacetum falcatolobatum
Krascheninnikov.
Subshrubs, (30–)40–50 cm tall; branchlets ribbed, white
tomentose, brown gland-dotted. Leaves petiolate; leaf blade oblong-linear,
1.5–3 × 0.5–1.2 cm, pinnatipartite, abaxially graywhite
tomentose, adaxially sparsely tomentose or glabrescent,
both surfaces brown gland-dotted, lateral lobes 2–5-paired,
falcate, margin entire or 1- or 2-denticulate. Uppermost leaves
linear, entire or denticulate. Synflorescence a flat-topped cyme;
capitula 2–5. Involucres campanulate or broadly campanulate,
5–7 mm in diam.; phyllaries in 3 or 4 rows, abaxially sparsely
pilose, brown gland-dotted, scarious margin narrow, pale brown;
outer ones ovate-triangular or oblong-ovate, inner ones oblongobovate,
scarious margin hyaline. Florets yellow, 5-lobed.
Achenes ca. 2 mm, 5-ribbed, gland-dotted. Corona scales 5,
lanceolate. Fl. and fr. Jul–Oct.
Gravelly mountain slopes, alluvial fans by riverbanks; 2100–3600
m. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Yunnan [Mongolia].
2. Cancrinia discoidea (Ledebour) Poljakov ex Tzvelev in
Schischkin & Bobrov, Fl. URSS 26: 313. 1961.
小甘菊 xiao gan ju
Pyrethrum discoideum Ledebour, Icon. Pl. 2: t. 153. 1830;
Cancrinia brachypappus C. Winkler; Chrysanthemum ledebourianum
Y. Ling; Matricaria ledebourii (Schultz Bipontinus)
Schischkin; Microcephala discoidea (Ledebour) K. Bremer et
al.; Tanacetum ledebourii Schultz Bipontinus.
Herbs, perennial or biennial, 5–20 cm tall, with slender
taproot; stems erect or ascending, branched from base, scapose,
conspicuously lanate. Leaves all basal, petiolate; leaf blade oblong
or ovate, 2–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, 2-pinnatipartite, both surfaces
gray-green, white lanate or subglabrescent; primary lateral lobes
2–5-paired; ultimate lobes ovate or broadly linear. Capitula solitary,
terminal, several per plant; peduncle 4–15 cm. Involucre
coryliform, 7–12 mm in diam.; phyllaries in 3 or 4 rows, herbaceous,
abaxially sparsely lanate to glabrescent, scarious margin
hyaline; outer phyllaries linear-lanceolate, 3–4 mm, inner ones
751
longer, linear-oblong. Receptacle conspicuously convex, conical-globose.
Florets yellow, 5-lobed. Achenes ca. 2 mm, 5ribbed,
glabrous. Corona scales 5. Fl. and fr. Apr–Sep.
Mountain slopes, Gobi Desert; 500–1200 m. Gansu, Nei Mongol,
Xinjiang, Xizang [Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia].
3. Cancrinia lasiocarpa C. Winkler, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk.
Bot. Sada 12: 30. 1892.
毛果小甘菊 mao guo xiao gan ju
Herbs, perennial, 7–15 cm tall, with slender woody taproot;
stems erect or ascending, branched from base to ± form
mat, white lanate. Petiole lanate, base enlarged; leaf blade lanceolate-ovate
to oblong, 0.7–1.5 × 0.5–0.8 cm, pinnatisect, both
surfaces gray-green, white lanate. Capitula solitary, terminal,
several per plant; peduncle 4–8 cm. Involucres coryliform, 8–
12 mm in diam.; phyllaries in 3 rows, herbaceous, scarious margin
nearly absent, outer phyllaries linear-lanceolate, apex acute,
inner ones linear-oblong, scarious margin broad, hyaline. Florets
yellow, 5-lobed. Achenes ca. 2 mm, 5-ribbed, sparsely villous.
Corona scales 5, 3 of these aristate mucronate. Fl. and fr.
Jun–Sep.
Mountain slopes; 1500–2000 m. Gansu, Ningxia, Xizang [Mongolia].
4. Cancrinia chrysocephala Karelin & Kirilov, Bull. Soc. Imp.
Naturalistes Moscou 15: 125. 1842.
黄头小甘菊 huang tou xiao gan ju
Herbs, perennial, scapose, with slender taproot; stems lanate.
Leaves in basal rosettes; petiole longer than blade; leaf
blade oblong or ovate, 2–3 × 0.5–1 cm, 2-pinnatipartite, both
surfaces gray-white, densely lanate; primary lateral lobes 3-
or 4-paired, linear-oblong to obovate; ultimate lobes obtuse or
slightly acute at apex. Capitula solitary, terminal, several per
plant; peduncle 2–8 cm. Involucre coryliform, 1–1.7 cm in
diam.; phyllaries in 3 rows, abaxially densely lanate, scarious
margin broad, brown or deep brown; outer phyllaries lanceolate
or linear-lanceolate, inner ones longer, oblong-linear. Florets
yellow, 5-lobed. Achenes 1.5–2.2 mm, 5- or 6-ribbed, glabrous,
rarely sparsely pilose at apex. Corona scales 8–12, lanceolate,
brownish. Fl. and fr. Jul–Aug.
Rocky places on mountain slopes, meadows, gravelly places,
floodlands; 3300–3800(–4000) m. Xinjiang (Tian Shan) [Kazakhstan].