9. Tribe ANTHEMIDEAE

ANTHEMIDEAE
171. MATRICARIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 890. 1753, nom. cons.
母菊属 mu ju shu
Shi Zhu (石铸 Shih Chu); Christopher J. Humphries, Michael G. Gilbert
Akylopsis Lehmann; Chamomilla Gray; Lepidanthus Nuttall (1841), not Nees (1830), nor Nuttall (1835); Lepidotheca Nuttall.
Herbs, annual, usually fragrant; indumentum absent or of simple, basifixed hairs. Leaves 1- or 2-pinnatisect. Synflorescences
cymose, usually ± flat-topped, sometimes reduced to solitary capitulum. Capitula heterogamous or homogamous, radiate or discoid.
Involucres coryliform; phyllaries in 2 or 3 rows. Receptacle conical to subulate, epaleate. Marginal florets when present in 1 row,
female, fertile; lamina white. Disk florets yellow or pale green, bisexual; corolla tubular, apex 4- or 5-lobed. Anther bases obtuse;
apical appendage triangular. Style branches linear, apex truncate. Achenes small, terete, slightly dorsiventrally compressed, adaxially
with 3–5 thin ribs. Corona small or absent or sometimes represented by an adaxial auricle particularly in ray achenes.
About seven species: N Africa, SW and temperate Asia, Europe, North America; two species in China.
1a. Capitula heterogamous, with both marginal ray florets and central disk florets; ray florets white, disk florets
yellow; achenes with 5 thin adaxial ribs; corona absent .......................................................................................... 1. M. chamomilla
1b. Capitula homogamous, florets all bisexual, tubular, pale yellow-green; achenes with 2 or 3 thin adaxial ribs;
corona present, white ........................................................................................................................................... 2. M. matricarioides
1. Matricaria chamomilla Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 891. 1753.
母菊 mu ju
Chamaemelum chamomilla (Linnaeus) E. H. L. Krause;
Chamomilla recutita (Linnaeus) Rauschert; C. vulgaris Gray;
Chrysanthemum chamomilla (Linnaeus) Bernhardi; C. suaveolens
(Linnaeus) Cavanilles; Matricaria chamomilla var. recutita
(Linnaeus) Fiori; M. chamomilla f. suaveolens (Linnaeus) Fiori
& Paoletti; M. recutita Linnaeus; M. suaveolens Linnaeus.
Herbs, annual or short-lived perennial, glabrous. Stems
(10–)30–40 cm tall, erect, striate, much branched in upper part.
Proximal stem leaves sessile; leaf blade oblong or oblanceolate,
(1.5–)3–4(–6) × (0.5–)1.5–2 cm, 2-pinnatisect; ultimate segments
linear, apex mucronulate. Distal stem leaves similar to
proximal leaves, ovate or long ovate. Capitula heterogamous,
1–1.5 cm in diam., apically corymbose, pedunculate; peduncle
3–6 cm. Involucres cup-shaped; phyllaries in 2 rows, margin
broadly white scarious, apex obtuse. Ray florets white; lamina
ca. 6 mm. Disk florets many, yellow, tubular. Achenes 0.8–1
mm, with 5 mainly adaxial thin ribs. Corona absent. Fl. and fr.
May–Jul. 2n = 18.
Near fields, forests, above valleys; 1800–3300 m. Anhui, Hebei,
Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang [Kazakhstan,
Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan; Europe, North America].
Matricaria chamomilla is cultivated as an ornamental in Beijing
771
and Shanghai. Capitula of this species are used medicinally to induce
sweat and relieve muscular spasms. The entire plant contains large
amounts of Vitamins A and C.
2. Matricaria matricarioides (Lessing) Porter ex Britton,
Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 341. 1894.
同花母菊 tong hua mu ju
Artemisia matricarioides Lessing, Linnaea 6: 210. 1831;
Matricaria discoidea Candolle.
Herbs, annual. Stems 5–30 cm tall, erect or ascending,
branched in upper part or from base, glabrous or sparsely pubescent
below capitula. Stem leaves sessile; leaf blade oblong
or oblanceolate, 2–3 × 0.8–1 cm, 2-pinnatisect; ultimate segments
shortly linear, both surfaces glabrous. Capitula homogamous,
irregularly corymbose or solitary at apex of branches,
pedunculate; peduncle 0.5–1 cm. Involucres cup-shaped; phyllaries
in 3 rows, equal, oblong, abaxially glabrous, scarious
margin hyaline, apex obtuse. All florets bisexual, pale yellowgreen,
tubular, 5-lobed. Achenes oblong, somewhat curved,
ca. 1.5 mm, apex obliquely truncate, with 2 or 3 adaxial thin
white ribs and 1 red thin stripe on each side. Pappus represented
by a white corona. Fl. and fr. Jul. 2n = 18.
Forests, roadsides, near houses. Jilin (Baicheng, Hunchun), Liaoning,
Nei Mongol [Bhutan, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Russia; N Asia,
Europe, North America].
172. GLEBIONIS Cassini in F. Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 41: 41. 1826.
茼蒿属 tong hao shu
Shi Zhu (石铸 Shih Chu); Christopher J. Humphries, Michael G. Gilbert
Ismelia Cassini; Xantophtalmum Schultz Bipontinus.
Herbs, annual; indumentum absent or of simple, basifixed hairs. Leaves alternate, pinnatifid or margin dentate. Synflorescences
cymose, lax ± flat-topped or reduced to solitary terminal capitulum. Capitula pedunculate, heterogamous, radiate. Involucre cupshaped;
phyllaries in 4 rows, rigidly herbaceous. Receptacle convex, epaleate. Marginal florets in 1 row, female, fertile; lamina
yellow or yellow and white. Disk florets yellow, bisexual; corolla tubular, apex 5-lobed. Anther bases obtuse; apical appendage
ovate-elliptic. Style branches linear, apex truncate. Ray achenes 3-angled, laterally winged, adaxially narrowly winged or ribbed;
corona absent. Disk achenes prismatic with a narrow adaxial wing or terete; corona absent.