9. Tribe ANTHEMIDEAE

Roadsides, waste places, steppes, hillsides, forest margins; sea
level to 4200 m. Gansu, N Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning,
Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, E and W Sichuan,
Xinjiang, Xizang, W Yunnan [Afghanistan, India, Japan, Kazakhstan,
Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; E Europe].
The essential oils from Artemisia sieversiana are used in anti-inflammatory
and hemostatic medicines.
3. Artemisia sericea (Besser) Weber ex Stechmann, Artemis.
16. 1775.
绢毛蒿 juan mao hao
Absinthium sericeum Besser, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes
Moscou 1: 237. 1829; A. grandiflorum Besser; A. nitens Steven
ex Besser; Artemisia holosericea Ledebour; A. holosericea var.
grandiflora Ledebour; A. holosericea var. parviflora Ledebour;
A. nitens (Steven ex Besser) Steven ex Krascheninnikov; A.
sericea var. gmeliniana Besser; A. sericea var. grandiflora
(Ledebour) Candolle; A. sericea var. ledebouriana Besser; A.
sericea var. nitens (Steven ex Besser) Candolle; A. sericea var.
pallasiana Besser; A. sericea f. parviflora (Ledebour) Pampanini;
A. sericea var. parviflora (Ledebour) Candolle.
Subshrubs or perennial herbs, 40–60(–75) cm tall, with
thick, creeping rhizomes. Stems single to several, usually not
branched, gray sericeous or stems glabrescent. Basal leaves deciduous
by anthesis. Middle stem leaves: petiole 5–8 mm; leaf
blade elliptic or ovate, 3–5 × 2–4 cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments
4(–6) pairs, distal lobes 3-lobulate or subpalmatisect; lobules
linear or linear-lanceolate, 10–17 × 1.5–2 mm, apex acute. Uppermost
leaves and bracts pinnatisect or 3–5-sect. Synflorescence
a ± narrow, racemelike panicle. Capitula shortly pedunculate,
nodding. Involucre hemispheric, (4–)5–6(–9) mm in diam.;
phyllaries with narrow white scarious margin; receptacle hemispheric,
densely pubescent. Marginal female florets 10–14; corolla
narrowly conical or tubular, 2- or 3-toothed. Disk florets
40–80, bisexual; corolla limb puberulent. Achenes ellipsoid or
ellipsoid-ovoid. Fl. and fr. Jul–Oct. 2n = 18.
Forest margins, hills, steppes, canyons, waste areas; 600–1600 m.
Nei Mongol, Ningxia, N Xinjiang [India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, N
Pakistan, Russia; E Europe].
4. Artemisia aschurbajewii C. Winkler, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk.
Bot. Sada 11: 332. 1890 [“aschurbajewi”].
褐头蒿 he tou hao
Artemisia sericea (Besser) Weber var. turkestanica C.
Winkler.
Herbs, perennial, ± caespitose, 20–40(–50) cm tall, puberulent.
Stems several, usually not branched. Basal and middle
stem leaves: petiole 8–12 mm; leaf blade suborbicular or orbicular-reniform,
1–2.5(–3.5) × 1–2(–3) cm, 2-pinnatisect; segments
3–5 pairs, 3-lobulate; lobules lanceolate, 5–10 × 2–4
mm, margin serrate, rarely entire, apex obtuse. Uppermost
leaves and bracts 3-lobed; lobes linear or linear-lanceolate. Synflorescence
a racemelike panicle, compact near apex and lax
near base. Capitula shortly pedunculate, nodding. Involucre globose
or subglobose, 5–7 mm in diam.; phyllaries with wide
ANTHEMIDEAE
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brown scarious margin; receptacle hemispheric, densely pubescent.
Marginal female florets 10–15; corolla narrowly conical
or tubular, 2- or 3-toothed. Disk florets 40–60, bisexual; corolla
limb puberulent. Achenes ellipsoid. Fl. and fr. Jul–Oct. 2n
= 36.
Deserts or subalpine steppes, rocky hills; 1200–3500 m. NW Gansu,
Qinghai, Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan].
5. Artemisia absinthium Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 848. 1753.
中亚苦蒿 zhong ya ku hao
Herbs, perennial, 60–150 cm tall, somewhat woody at
base, gray sericeous or puberulent. Stems 1–3. Basal leaves:
petiole 6–12 cm; leaf blade ovate-elliptic or ovate, 8–12 × 7–9
cm, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 4 or 5 pairs, pinnately lobed;
lobules lanceolate-elliptic or -linear, 8–15 × 2–4(–7) mm, apex
obtuse. Middle stem leaves: petiole 2–6 cm; leaf blade ovate or
elliptic-ovate, 2-pinnatisect; lobules linear-lanceolate, (8–)10–
25 × 2–3(–5) mm. Uppermost leaves 4–6 × 2–4 cm, pinnatisect
or 5-lobed; leaflike bracts 3-lobed or entire; lobes
lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. Synflorescence usually a broad
conical panicle; primary branches straight, ascending or ±
oblique spreading, up to 30 cm and secondary branches up
to 12 cm. Capitula shortly pedunculate, nodding. Involucre globose
or subglobose, 2.5–3.5(–4) mm in diam.; receptacle hemispheric,
densely pubescent. Marginal female florets 15–25; corolla
yellow, obliquely 2-toothed. Disk florets 30–70(–90), bisexual;
corolla yellow. Achenes oblong, 0.8–1 mm, with apical
corona or not. Fl. and fr. Aug–Sep. 2n = 18.
Hillsides, steppes, scrub, forest margins, often in locally moist
situations; 1100–1500 m. Jiangsu, NW and W Xinjiang [Afghanistan,
India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia; N Africa, SW
Asia, Europe, North America].
Artemisia absinthium is used in anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic
medicines.
6. Artemisia frigida Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 1838. 1803.
冷蒿 leng hao
Herbs, perennial, or occasionally subshrubs, (10–)30–
60(–70) cm tall, densely yellowish or pale yellow sericeous,
sometimes stem bases glabrescent. Stems several, woody at
base, shortly branched or not. Lower stem leaves: petiole 5–20
mm; leaf blade oblong or obovate-oblong, 0.8–1.5 × 0.8–1.5
cm, 2(or 3)-pinnatisect; segments (2–)4 pairs; lobules linearlanceolate
or lanceolate. Middle stem leaves: blade oblong or
obovate-oblong, 5–7 × 5–7 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatisect; lobules
lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2–3 × 0.5–1.5 mm. Uppermost
leaves and bracts pinnately or 3–5-lobed. Synflorescence a spike
or raceme, sometimes branched to form a panicle. Capitula nodding.
Involucre hemispheric, globose, or ovoid, (2–)2.5–4.5
mm in diam.; receptacle densely white pubescent. Marginal
female florets 8–13; corolla limb yellow or purple. Disk florets
20–30, bisexual. Achenes oblong or ellipsoid-obovate, with
a minute apical corona. Fl. and fr. Jun–Oct. 2n = 18, 36; (n =
9+3b, 18, 18+2b, 36).
Steppes, subalpine meadows, dry hillsides, stable dunes, dry waste