9. Tribe ANTHEMIDEAE

ANTHEMIDEAE
31b. Herbs perennial or stemless, small subshrubs, or cushion plants,
rarely more than 40 cm tall; synflorescence dense or lax ±
flat-topped panicles .................................................................................... 161. Hippolytia
27b. Corona present, cupular or with distinct scales.
32a. Achene with distinct resin sacs ................................................................................. 170. Tripleurospermum
32b. Achene without resin sacs.
33a. Perennial herbs or subshrubs; achene with 5–12 equally arranged ribs.
34a. Capitula usually solitary at apex of stem; florets yellow ..................................... 157. Cancrinia
34b. Capitula many or several, in flat-topped panicle, rarely solitary and then
florets orange-red ................................................................................................. 169. Tanacetum
33b. Annual herbs; achene with 3–5 adaxial ribs.
35a. Capitula usually solitary at apex of stem; florets constricted in middle ........ 164. Microcephala
35b. Capitula many or several, in lax corymb or solitary at apex of lateral
branches; florets not constricted ......................................................................... 171. Matricaria
Lancisia Fabricius; Machlis Candolle.
145. COTULA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 891. 1753.
山芫绥属 shan yuan sui shu
Shi Zhu (石铸 Shih Chu); Christopher J. Humphries, Michael G. Gilbert
Herbs, annual or perennial; indumentum absent or of basifixed hairs. Leaves alternate or sometimes opposite or rosulate, pinnatisect,
lobed, or occasionally entire. Capitula solitary, pedunculate, heterogamous, radiate, rarely homogamous and discoid. Involucres
hemispheric; phyllaries in 2 or 3 rows, unequal, scarious margin narrow. Receptacle flat to conical, epaleate. Marginal florets
in 1 to several rows, female, fertile, generally pedicellate, corolla tube short or absent, lamina generally absent, white if present; disk
florets yellow, bisexual, fertile, apex 4- or 5-lobed. Anther bases obtuse; apical appendage lanceolate. Style branches truncate or
obtuse at apex or style undivided. Achenes dorsiventrally flattened, often laterally winged, wings aristately lengthened at apex of
achene. Corona absent.
Fifty-five species: mostly in S Hemisphere, particularly S Africa and the Pacific islands (New Zealand), also in Australia and South America, a
few species extending to E Africa and New Guinea; two species in China.
1a. Achenes of marginal female florets obovoid; lateral wings broad and thick; ultimate segments of leaves
shortly triangular or lanceolate ................................................................................................................................ 1. C. anthemoides
1b. Achenes of marginal female florets narrowly oblong; lateral wings very narrow; ultimate segments of
leaves linear or linear-lanceolate .......................................................................................................................... 2. C. hemisphaerica
1. Cotula anthemoides Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 891. 1753.
芫绥菊 yuan sui ju
Herbs, annual, small. Stems with diffuse branches, ± villous
with pale brown hairs. Basal leaves petiolate; leaf blade
oblanceolate-oblong, 3–5 × 1–2 cm, both surfaces sparsely villous
or subglabrous, 2-pinnatisect; primary lateral segments 5paired;
ultimate segments shortly triangular or lanceolate, apex
shortly acute. Middle stem leaves similar, base semiamplexicaul.
Capitula solitary at apex of branches, axillary or opposite
with leaves, ca. 5 mm in diam. Involucres cup-shaped; phyllaries
in 2 rows, oblong, with 1 red midvein, margin scarious,
outer ones small, inner ones large. Marginal female florets
many, without corolla; disk florets few, corolla yellow, 4-lobed.
Achenes obovoid, ca. 1.2 mm, dorsiventrally flattened, lateral
wings broad and thick, with sessile glands. Pappus absent. Fl.
and fr. Sep–Mar of next year. 2n = 20.
Wet places by rivers, paddies; 1000–1100 m. Fujian, Guangdong,
Hubei, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos,
Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa].
2. Cotula hemisphaerica (Roxburgh) Wallich ex Bentham in
Bentham & J. D. Hooker, Gen. Pl. 2: 429. 1873.
山芫绥 shan yuan sui
655
Artemisia hemisphaerica Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ed. 1832, 3:
423. 1832; Cotula chinensis Kitamura; Machlis hemisphaerica
(Roxburgh) Candolle.
Herbs, annual, small. Stems with diffuse branches, ± villous
with brownish hairs. Basal leaves shortly petiolate; leaf
blade oblanceolate, 3–5 × 1–2 cm, both surfaces subglabrous,
2-pinnatisect; primary lateral segments 5-paired; ultimate segments
linear or linear-lanceolate. Middle stem leaves similar,
oblong, base amplexicaul; distal stem leaves small. Capitula
solitary at apex of branches, ca. 5 mm in diam. Involucres cupshaped;
phyllaries in 2 rows, oblong, margin scarious, apex obtuse
or acute, with brown midvein. Marginal female florets
many, without corolla or corolla 2-toothed; disk florets few,
corolla yellow, 4-lobed. Achenes narrowly oblong, ca. 1 mm,
slightly dorsiventrally flattened, lateral wings narrow, with sessile
glands. Pappus absent. Fl. and fr. Jan–May.
Sandy and stony places by rivers, by paddies; ca. 100 m. Hubei,
Sichuan, Taiwan [Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan].
The record of Cotula chinensis in Fl. Taiwan (4: 840. 1978) is
referable to Soliva anthemifolia.